Psychology reading quizzes exam 3

Which of the following types of attractiveness seem to be universal between both men and women?

"cute" and "mature"

Which of the following explains why a positive mood can decrease the probability of responding in prosocial ways?

Being in a good mood can lead us to interpret emergency situations as not really serious.

People who feel isolated from a particular group are experiencing ________ exclusion.

social

In general, we are more likely to help those whom we are closely related than others. Which of the following offers support for this?

Kin selection theory

Which inherent neurological system allows most people to experience what others are experiencing automatically?

Mirror neurons

If people help in order to receive praise from others, then what would be expected under cover of darkness?

People would be less likely to help others.

Which of the following compliance tactics is based on scarcity?

The deadline technique

Which of the following best describes prosocial behavior and aggression?

They have overlapping features

Research shows that belonging is ________________.

a need

Jenny, a 5-year-old child, may be MOST likely to exhibit helping behavior after playing ________ video game.

a prosocial

One of the key findings from Stanley Milgram's studies was that pressures to obey are ________.

difficult to resist even if they involve harming another person

It has been shown that complementarities are not a good basis for attraction. What is the one pair of complementarities that is the exception to this?

dominance-submissiveness

Which component of Sternberg's Triangular Model of Love deals with the closeness two people feel and the strength of the bond that holds them together?

intimacy

In several variations on Asch's classic experiment, a standard-setting line was first presented to small groups of people, followed by the presentation of three comparison lines of different lengths. In one condition, two of three accomplices, posing as students, chose an incorrect answer before the subject could respond. The third accomplice sometimes chose a correct response and sometimes chose a more incorrect response. Under these conditions, respondents were more likely to choose the correct response. These results suggest ________.

it becomes easier to resist conformity pressure once unanimity of the group is broken

According to balance theory, balance is achieved when two people ________.

like each other and discover they are similar in some way

In an emergency, a helpful bystander can increase the helpfulness of others because the bystander serves as a social ________.

model

The empathy-altruism hypothesis suggests that at least some prosocial behavior is ________.

motivated solely by the desire to help someone in need

Research shows that sexual attraction is a ________ but not ________ condition for being in love.

necessary; sufficient

One way in which symbolic social influence may work is by allowing the psychological presence of others to trigger goals with which the other persons are associated. This may, in turn, influence our ________.

performance on tasks and our commitment to reaching these goals

In terms of desirable partner traits, men prefer ___________ in women and women prefer ____________ in men.

physical attractiveness; ability to acquire resources

One way to help people become more resistant to commands from authorities that may lead to destructive behaviors is to _______________.

remind people that they—not the authorities—are responsible for any harm done

Zimbardo's prison experiment demonstrates that ________ can overpower ________, and people may conform to expected roles.

situations; personalities

People who are ______________________ attached have relatively stable relationships.

securely

Individuals who are in stressful situations frequently experience an increase in their need to affiliate with others in a similar situation. This may be because ________.

such affiliations provide opportunities for social comparisons

Two aspects of empathy are ________ and ________.

taking another's perspective; sympathizing with another person

One reason that people are willing to obey persons in authority who order them to engage in destructive behaviors is that ________.

the authority figure relieves those who obey of responsibility for their actions

When an auto dealer offers you an extra option as a "closer" for a deal, the dealer is using ________.

the that's-not-all technique

Which of the following is responsible for proximity influencing our level of attraction to another person or object?

the repeated exposure effect

One of the factors associated with compliance is social validation. This is because we ________.

want to be correct, and one way to do so is to emulate the behaviors of others whom we see as similar to ourselves in some way

Which of the following is a form of unintentional social influence?

Modeling