Psychology Week 11
Self-concept refers to________.
all of our thoughts and feelings about ourselves
Which of the following is not a way we tend to think of personality? Our personalities ______________________ .
are mutable
Cognitive processes refer to all characteristics previously learned: ______________________ .
beliefs and expectations
The idea that people's ideas about themselves should match their actions is called________.
congruence
Ina can no longer read the street signs, but she refuses to admit she needs glasses to drive.Which defense mechanism does this exemplify?
denial
Jane believes that she got a bad grade on her psychology paper because her professor doesn't like her. Jane most likely has an________locus of control.
external
______________________ describes a proportion of difference among people that is attributed to genetics.
heritability
Immanuel Kant used the terms persistent, steadfast, and calm to describe a ______________________ person.
phlegmatic
According to the findings of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart, identical twins, whether raised together or apart have________personalities.
very similar
Self-regulation is also known as________.
will power
The traits openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism are key components of the ______________________ .
Five Factor Model
________is credited with the first comprehensive theory of personality.
Freud
Which of the following is NOT a projective test?
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Which statement summarizes the main idea of reciprocal determinism?
Our behavior, cognitive processes, and situational context all influence each other.
A so-called "universal bank" of ideas, images, and concepts that have been passed down through the generations from our ancestors would refer to ________.
collective unconscious
The ______________________ refers to the common psychological tendencies that have been passed down from one generation to the next.
collective unconscious
______________________ is a state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar.
congruence
The ______________________ approach to the study of personality came about in reaction to the dominance of Western approaches to the study of personality in non-Western settings.
indigenous
The United States is considered a(an) ________culture.
individualist
Personality is thought to be ________.
long term, stable and not easily changed
When Imogene feels anxiety, she clings to her mother and father for affection and reassurance. What coping strategy is Imogene using?
moving toward people
According to Sigmund Freud, an adult who smokes, drinks, overeats, or bites her nails is fixated in the ______________________ stage of her psychosexual development.
oral
An early purported "science" that tried to correlate personality with measurements of parts of a person's skull was known as ________.
phrenology
The id operates on the ________principle.
pleasure
A personality assessment in which a person responds to ambiguous stimuli, revealing unconscious feelings, impulses, and desires ________.
projective test
The way a person reacts to the world, starting when they are very young, including the person's activity level is known as ________.
temperament
In Carl Jung's view, the task of integrating unconscious archetypal aspects of the self is part of ______________________ in the second half of life.
the self-realization process
A(an) ______________________ complex refers to the feeling that one lacks worth and doesn't measure up to the standards of others or of society.
inferiority
Brianna is 18 months old. She cries frequently, is hard to soothe, and wakes frequently during the night. According to Thomas and Chess, she would be considered ________.
a difficult baby
According to the Eysencks' theory, people who score high on neuroticism tend to be ________.
anxious
In Albert Bandura's social-cognitive theory, behavior refers to ______________________ .
anything an individual does that can be punished or rewarded
What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's second stage of psychosexual development, in which a sense of independence in many tasks develops?
autonomy vs. shame/doubt
The long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways are known as ________.
personality
The Oedipus complex occurs in the________stage of psychosexual development.
phallic
Temperament refers to________.
inborn, genetically based personality differences
The ego defense mechanism in which a person who is confronted with anxiety returns to a more immature behavioral stage is called ________.
regression
The concept that people choose to move to places that are compatible with their personalities and needs is known as ________.
selective migration
Your level of confidence in your own abilities is known as________.
self-efficacy
Which of the following was one of Alfred Adler's main contributions to personality theory?
suggesting thatour birth order shapes our personality
Which personality assessment employs a series of true/false questions?
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
