Public Relations Exam 1 - Rainwater

Thomas Paine's Common Sense pamphlet and Samuel Adams's orchestration of the Boston Tea Party helped build support to sway public opinion toward the revolutionary movement in the United States. Today's public relations professionals would most likely describe these examples as a form of 1. press agentry. 2. conflict positioning. 3. public fairs. 4. reputation management.

2. conflict positioning.

Odessa is leading the public relations efforts for a political campaign. She recently shared some important content with a group of regional journalists but was disappointed when most of them failed to share the news with their audiences. The journalists in this example can be best described as 1. decision-makers. 2. media gatekeepers. 3. press agents. 4. publicists.

2. media gatekeepers.

A national payroll consulting company is surveying public relations salaries in the Midwest. Which of the following best describes the average salary the company will find for entry-level public relations assistants? 1. $65,000 2. $55,000 3. $45,000 4. $75,000

3. $45,000

The following statement relates to which key characteristic of PR? "PR involves counseling and problem solving at high levels, not just the dissemination of information after a decision has been made by other leaders." 1. Public interest 2. Planned 3. Two-way communication 4. Strategic management

4. Strategic management

Yuri recently wrapped up a public relations internship with Delta Enterprises. He is telling his parents about his experience and explains that he was frustrated because Delta continually changed his schedule and did not establish milestones for the internship. Which of the following best describes the component of SMART internships that Delta failed to meet? 1. Measurable 2. Relevant 3. Attainable 4. Time-bound

4. Time-bound

Which of the following reasons best supports why a conglomerate may choose to acquire new public relations firms? 1. To generate external client referrals 2. To improve employee and member relations 3. To increase tactical public relations expertise 4. To create total communications networks

4. To create total communications networks

Why does Philip Kotler, professor of marketing at Northwestern University and the author of a leading marketing textbook, call public relations the fifth "P" of marketing strategy (in addition to product, price, place, and promotion)? 1. Because public relations takes longer to cultivate. 2. Because public relations focuses on consumers or prospective consumers. 3. Because public relations drives the sales of major products. 4. Because public relations takes a shorter view of the process.

1. Because public relations takes longer to cultivate.

The senior leadership team is holding its quarterly strategy meeting. One of the first orders of business is to establish reporting relationships for the company's new marketing and public relations directors. Which of the following options represents their best choice? 1. Both directors should report to the chief operating officer. 2. The marketing director should report to the chief operating officer, and the public relations director should report the chief executive officer. 3. The marketing director should report to the chief operating officer, and the public relations director should report to the chief human resources officer. 4. The marketing director should report to the public relations director.

1. Both directors should report to the chief operating officer.

Zuri will be graduating next summer with a degree in public relations. She is studying the personal responsibilities of PR professionals and wants to ensure she understands her professional responsibilities. Which of the following options best describes a PR practitioner's professional responsibility? 1. Continually pursuing education and learning in the field 2. Being willing to make difficult decisions in the workplace 3. Supporting sustainability efforts in the community 4. Creating transparent communications

1. Continually pursuing education and learning in the field

Abdullah loves working as a public relations specialist because he can impact society with his work. Which of the following best represents a topic growing in importance for consumers and investors that Abdullah might be able to influence? 1. Diversity initiatives 2. Product pricing 3. Investor relations 4. Influencer endorsements

1. Diversity initiatives

Dick's Sporting Goods launched a media relations campaign targeting local and national lifestyle, sports, and philanthropic media to spread the message of the importance of saving youth sports. Meanwhile, national television, print, and online advertising used professional athletes to raise awareness about the youth-sports funding crisis and why "sports matter." Other ads using sports celebrities also appeared during "Save Youth Sports Week," a partnership with ESPN. This is an example of the use of which combined advertising methods? 1. Earned media and paid media 2. Paid media and branded content 3. Social media and integrated communication 4. Earned media and social media

1. Earned media and paid media

Z-Wave Media is a growing PR agency based in Texas. The company wants to expand their reach to target more diverse audiences. Which of the following will be most important to their success? 1. Employing a diverse group of employees 2. Increasing advertising on social media platforms 3. Creating a new internship program 4. Implementing a management by objectives strategy

1. Employing a diverse group of employees

A healthcare organization invites a member of city council to participate in a panel to answer questions from the public in support of the organization's new flu shot campaign. Which type of PR tactic does this represent? 1. Engaging publics through interactive tactics 2. Obtaining positive media mentions by distributing information 3. Connecting organizational representatives with members of publics through personal interaction 4. Promoting a cause through earned media.

1. Engaging publics through interactive tactics

ABC Construction Company had several bad reviews on Yelp about their lack of customer service, which caused their overall Yelp rating to go down. The company took several steps to increase their rating. After four months, they re-analyzed their Yelp reviews and did not see a notable change upward. This is an example of which part of the PR cycle? 1. Feedback 2. Assessment and adjustment 3. Research and analysis 4. Communication

1. Feedback

Which of the following options best describes the Subway spokesperson's initial response to claims that Subway's tuna sandwiches did not actually contain tuna? 1. Legalese defense 2. Personal defense 3. Logical defense 4. Public defense

1. Legalese defense

Gaochiya is a public relations specialist for a technology firm. She spent significant time gathering information about her target audience prior to launching a highly successful campaign for a new product launch. Which of the following skills does this example best demonstrate? 1. Research 2. Business and economics 3. Problem solving 4. Writing

1. Research

Which of the following options best represents a concern for businesses whenever they host visitors at their facilities? 1. Safety 2. Defamation 3. Right of publicity 4. Misappropriation of personality

1. Safety

Dansby is an advocate for pay equity in the workplace. He is preparing a presentation for a local group of business leaders that will focus on methods for bridging the pay equity gap. Which of the following options best represents an approach Dansby should focus on as he prepares his talking points? 1. Eliminating communications manager roles 2. Creating transparent pay models 3. Replacing employees with freelancers 4. Demoting men into lower-paying jobs

2. Creating transparent pay models

The Food and Drug Administration would most likely be responsible for which of the following actions? 1. Sending a warning letter to a public relations firm that shared misleading information about a cosmetics product in a campaign 2. Filing a lawsuit against a pharmaceutical company that buried unfavorable financial information about their company deep in a news release 3. Implementing a guideline for preserving text messages used by a financial advisor who sends market updates to their clients 4. Imposing a penalty against a celebrity endorser who fails to disclose their relationship with a company that paid them to promote a product

1. Sending a warning letter to a public relations firm that shared misleading information about a cosmetics product in a campaign

Quintina is pursuing a degree in public relations and wants to ensure she has polished up some of her advanced-level skills in preparation for her first role. Which of the following options represents her best starting point? 1. She should work on her ability to counsel management during emergencies. 2. She should work on her ability to prepare materials and testimony for government hearings. 3. She should work on her ability to create and distribute meaningful and effective DEI communications. 4. She should work on her ability to plan and conduct news conferences.

1. She should work on her ability to counsel management during emergencies.

Elvira is visiting a local high school to discuss her career in public relations. One of the students asks Elvira to explain where the concepts that make up public relations began. Which of the following demonstrates Elvira's best response? 1. The Ancient World 2. The American Revolution 3. The Middle Ages 4. The Renaissance

1. The Ancient World

Madyson, Inc. is a large manufacturing company with divisions spread around the globe. The company has a large budget that it uses to support its substantial communication needs. Which of the following would most likely be true of an organization like Madyson, Inc.? 1. They would engage more external PR firms for assistance than smaller organizations. 2. They would utilize less specialized divisions than smaller organizations. 3. They would rely more on internal staff to manage public relations than smaller organizations. 4. They would provide less structured roles for their staff than smaller organizations.

1. They would engage more external PR firms for assistance than smaller organizations.

Which of the following options best describes a means to recognize products and differentiate among brands? 1. Trademarks 2. Junkets 3. Certifications 4. Copyrights

1. Trademarks

The customer support telephone system at XYX Company allows customers to call in to voice product and service compliments or issues. Company representatives follow up on each call to ensure the customer knows their call is being addressed. Which of the four evolutionary models of public relations does this example best represent? 1. Two-way asymmetric 2. Two-way symmetric 3. Press agentry 4. Public information

1. Two-way asymmetric

Lawson, a large manufacturing firm, just engaged a public relations firm to assist with its public relations program. Due to Lawson's multifaceted public relations program, the PR firm will most likely organize a(n) ________ team to serve them. 1. account 2. trade 3. tactical 4. advisory

1. account

Jacey contracted with a large manufacturing firm to write new content for the organization's internal and external websites. These websites are best classified as a form of ________ media. 1. owned 2. shared 3. mass 4. earned

1. owned

Spangler PR is preparing a fee estimate for a new client. Assuming that Spangler follows the standard industry practice for billing and that their account executive makes $50 per hour, which of the following bill rates would be most appropriate? 1. $100 per hour 2. $150 per hour 3. $60 per hour 4. $55 per hour

2. $150 per hour

Which of the following individuals would most likely have the fewest amount of First Amendment rights? 1. A security guard with the US government 2. A financial analyst with Microsoft 3. A professor with a public university 4. A programmer with a state government

2. A financial analyst with Microsoft

Which of the following best describes Edward Bernays's conceptual model of public relations? 1. A belief in the value of third-party endorsements to promote campaigns. 2. An emphasis on the application of social science research to formulate campaigns 3. A focus on a two-way approach between companies and publics to build campaigns. 4. A focus on sharing honest and factual information with the public during campaigns

2. An emphasis on the application of social science research to formulate campaigns

Lara has been working in a corporate public relations management capacity for nearly a decade. She has been under a lot of stress lately, and her wife suggests that she is risking career burnout. How can Lara best avoid burnout? 1. By taking on additional freelance assignments 2. By starting a new exercise regime 3. By hiring a public relations intern 4. By moving into a communications technician role

2. By starting a new exercise regime

Darina is the public relations director for the Nightingale Company. She is currently researching how remote and hybrid work models are influencing customer perceptions of organizations in the United States. Which of the following functions best describes Darina's research? 1. Operational planning 2. Issue-trend analysis 3. Crisis management 4. Brand storytelling

2. Issue-trend analysis

Lyza is preparing to run for office in her state's government and decides to conduct a series of news conferences and interviews with the press. Which of the following statements best describes how this will help Lyza's campaign for office? 1. It can determine voter alignment to help Lyza plan for the upcoming election. 2. It can generate publicity about issues that Lyza considers to be important. 3. It can influence the votes of politicians that Lyza will work with in the future. 4. It can drive strong relationships between Lyza and different members of the press.

2. It can generate publicity about issues that Lyza considers to be important.

A group of public relations specialists in the community meets for lunch. After discussing their recent work, they debate the pros and cons of licensing for public relations professionals. Which of the following represents the best argument one of the professionals could use in support of licensing? 1. It would create uniform professional standards. 2. It would ensure consistent ethical behavior. 3. It would protect First Amendment rights. 4. It would establish occupational credibility.

2. It would ensure consistent ethical behavior.

The Tokyo Paralympics released a provocative ad with an athlete facing injuries, missing birthday parties, and enduring brutal training regimens to prepare for the Paralympic Games. The ad's tag line said, "To be a Paralympian, there's got to be something wrong with you." The ad was part of a "superhumans campaign" sequence designed to increase coverage of the Paralympics and shift public perceptions around disability. The strategy was considered a best marketing campaign of 2021 by Marketing Week. What tactic would a public relations firm add to this strategy? 1. It would increase revenue for the Paralympics by securing major sponsors and featuring them in the ad. 2. It would use the ad on social media and ask the public to comment with sacrifices they've made to participate in something important. 3. Ask the Paralympics if they would like to feature athletes who come from a certain part of the world. 4. It would determine where the ad should be placed (television, social media, etc.) so the ad would reach an appropriate target market.

2. It would use the ad on social media and ask the public to comment with sacrifices they've made to participate in something important.

Grammarly is a well-known digital writing-assistance tool. The company actively promotes their campaigns across Google's and Taboola's networks, and often appears before viewing specific YouTube videos. Which of the following forms of advertising does this example best represent? 1. Traditional 2. Native 3. Brand 4. Social media

2. Native

Yvette works in public relations for The Braxton Company. Her primary responsibility is to share planned messages through targeted media. Which of the core functions of public relations does Yvette's work best represent? 1. Issue management 2. Publicity 3. Marketing communications 4. Development

2. Publicity

Yandy is the public relations manager for an athletic apparel company. An activist group plans to protest the company's low employee wages at a series of sporting events that the company sponsors. Rather than compromise with the activists, Yandy prepares to support the organization's apparel and sponsorship agreements. Which of the following options best describes Yandy's approach? 1. Fair use 2. Pure advocacy 3. Reputation management 4. Right of publicity

2. Pure advocacy

Evaluating trends in media coverage, as well as editorial and influencer comments, represents which stage of the PR cycle? 1. Communication 2. Research and analysis 3. Programming 4. Policy formation

2. Research and analysis

Ema is a sophomore public relations student at a state college. She wants to join an organization that provides opportunities to network with other public relations students and mentorship opportunities with public relations professionals. Which of the following organizations would best meet her needs? 1. The International Association of Business Communicators 2. The Public Relations Student Society of America 3. The Global Alliance for Public Relations and 4. Communication Management The Institute for Public Relations

2. The Public Relations Student Society of America

Boredle Enterprises uses a compulsory-advisory for its staff-level functions. Which of the following best demonstrates this level of authority? 1. The marketing team must obtain agreement from the product development team before releasing a new product catalog. 2. The sales team is required to consult with the public relations team before updating and releasing new product flyers. 3. The legal team can make changes to an organizational news release without input from other departments. 4. The chief financial officer can execute a speech on company performance without taking or requesting input from staff.

2. The sales team is required to consult with the public relations team before updating and releasing new product flyers.

The senior leadership team at Ramirez Enterprises is discussing the possibility of bringing a public relations firm into the organization. The CEO believes there might be some disadvantages since the firm will be new to the organization. Which of the following options best represents one of these disadvantages? 1. They may lack the appropriate skills and expertise. 2. They may not fully understand the company's business. 3. They may already be engaged with too many clients. 4. They may force the company to eliminate its own staff.

2. They may not fully understand the company's business.

Which of the following options would be best for ensuring a company selects the best public relations firm for a specific set of circumstances? 1. They should focus on a single firm. 2. They should engage with multiple firms. 3. They should create an internal department. 4. They should utilize an Agency of Record.

2. They should engage with multiple firms.

Derby PR is a domestic public relations firm located in the United States. They are considering a strategic move into global public relations. Which of the following options best represents a benefit they can realize from such a move? 1. They will be able to reduce their operational expenses. 2. They will be able to account for cultural influences. 3. They will be able to avoid potential ethical quandaries. 4. They will be able to expand outside of metropolitan areas.

2. They will be able to account for cultural influences.

Teodora works in public relations for Aprile Automotive Parts. Her annual performance rating is tied to the success or failure of the organization's public relations campaigns and programs. Teodora can be best described as a(n) 1. brand storyteller. 2. communication manager. 3. independent consultant. 4. account executive.

2. communication manager.

Domino's Pizza combined clever marketing with product development when it launched its loyalty program "Point for Pies," an app that gave customers a chance to earn points for every pizza they scanned, regardless of where it came from. The launch of the new loyalty program went viral on social media and coincided with the Super Bowl and the TV ads the company aired during halftime. This is an example of a 1. social media campaign. 2. media relations campaign. 3. 360-degree marketing campaign. 4. coordinated public relations campaign.

3. 360-degree marketing campaign.

Which of the following roles would be most likely to have the highest median salary? 1. An account executive with a public relations agency 2. An administrative assistant with a government entity 3. A chief public relations officer with a corporation 4. A public relations specialist with a nonprofit

3. A chief public relations officer with a corporation

Which of the following options best describes the primary measure of a public relations professional? 1. Maintaining formal industry accreditation 2. Supporting positive investor relations 3. Adhering to professional standards of conduct 4. Employing a pure advocacy stance

3. Adhering to professional standards of conduct

The public relations team at Pragmatica Technology is meeting to brainstorm for ideas on how to reduce its conflicts with the company's legal, human resources, advertising, and marketing departments. Which of the following options would best help them achieve this goal? 1. By ensuring they have concurring authority with line managers 2. By requesting assistance from the company's chief executive officer 3. By approaching interactions in the same manner they would with an external public 4. By leveraging an external public relations firm to manage company communications

3. By approaching interactions in the same manner they would with an external public

Which of the following options best represents a group that would be protected from potential defamation lawsuits? 1. Marketers describing a competitor's inferior product in a press release 2. Company officials describing an executive's termination for incompetence to a journalist 3. Consumers posting a negative review against a business on social media 4. Political candidates discussing their opponent's personal life in a speech

3. Consumers posting a negative review against a business on social media

The Toob King is a popular influencer on YouTube. Several companies pay her to endorse their products through her channel. She was recently sent a warning notice after making a misleading statement about a product's attributes. Which of the following organizations most likely issued this warning to The Toob King? 1. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 2. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) 3. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) 4. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

3. Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

Devin works as a communication technician for Zephyr Technologies. Which of the following tasks would Devin most likely be responsible for in this role? 1. Advising senior leaders 2. Controlling the department budget 3. Issuing news releases 4. Creating company policies

3. Issuing news releases

Which of the following events is often described as the birth of modern public relations in the workplace? 1. Edward Bernays's campaign to increase consumer demand for bacon. 2. George Creel's creation of the Creel Committee during World War I. 3. Ivy Lee's counsel during the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company labor crisis. 4. Phineas Barnum's pseudoevent featuring Tom Thumb at Buckingham Palace.

3. Ivy Lee's counsel during the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company labor crisis.

Cashton is meeting with a group of college students to discuss careers in public relations. One of the students asks him to describe a positive aspect of working in the field. Which of the following demonstrates Cashton's best response? 1. Very consistent schedule and volume of work 2. Manages a very specialized range of roles 3. Opportunity to impact many areas within an organization 4. Requires a narrow and focused skill set

3. Opportunity to impact many areas within an organization

Which of the following government agencies would most likely be responsible for monitoring how public relations professionals buy and sell shares of stock in their organization? 1. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) 2. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) 3. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) 4. Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA)

3. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

Kyveli is a freelance photographer who specializes in capturing extreme weather phenomena. Which of the following options best describes how copyright law would treat Kyveli's work? 1. She shares ownership rights if she sells her work. 2. She loses protection if someone modifies her work. 3. She retains sole ownership rights to her work. 4. She gains protection if she adds a trademark to her work.

3. She retains sole ownership rights to her work.

Calista is nearing her graduation day and looking for her first job in the public relations field. Her first interview is with a corporate public relations department. Which of the following traits would most likely be true about this position? 1. Broad responsibilities 2. Intense pressure 3. Slower pace 4. Limited budget

3. Slower pace

Ruqayya recently began pursuing her public relations degree from a state university. She asks her counselor to explain why there are so many prerequisite courses in areas like social sciences and humanities. Ruqayya is frustrated because she wants to focus on classes specific to public relations. How should the counselor respond? 1. The prerequisites drive a deeper understanding of the concept of brand storytelling for students. 2. The prerequisites ensure that students understand the importance of research. 3. The prerequisites create a solid foundation of cultural literacy for students. 4. The prerequisites enable students to navigate the constituency analysis process.

3. The prerequisites create a solid foundation of cultural literacy for students.

The owner of Tracer Enterprises wants his public relations employees to join a professional association to ensure they are bound by a professional code of ethics. Which of the following options best describes an argument against codes of ethics used by professional associations? 1. They don't account for the impact of role differentiation. 2. They don't exempt individuals who act without actual malice. 3. They don't punish members who violate the code. 4. They don't protect an organization's intellectual property.

3. They don't punish members who violate the code.

In 2015, the media picked up on reports of people experiencing E. Coli poisoning at Chipotle Restaurants in 14 different states. In response to the media explosion, Chipotle's PR firm advised to implement a multipronged approach, including explaining the safety measures to remedy the situation, having their president apologize, and conducting a social media campaign to link viewers to positive news about the company. Chipotle's PR firm's approach was an example of 1. tactical approach. 2. multimedia content creation. 3. crisis communication counseling. 4. cause marketing.

3. crisis communication counseling.

During the 1980s, public relations professionals focused on convincing corporate executives that their work impacted the company's bottom line by supporting the concept of 1. relationship management. 2. conflict management. 3. management by objectives. 4. investor relations.

3. management by objectives.

Your Facebook page has pop-ups for new Nike sneaker options that you were searching for the day before online. This is an example of 1. print advertising. 2. earned media. 3. native advertising. 4. social media.

3. native advertising.

Juan, a journalist for the local paper, attended a silent auction put on by the local hospital to raise funds for the new cancer treatment wing. While there, Juan ran into Fatima, who was contracted by the hospital to organize the event. This is an example of how journalists and public relations roles differ in their 1. channels. 2. objectives. 3. scope. 4. audience.

3. scope.

Hader Enterprises is planning to include an employee photograph in their new recruiting brochures. It will be most important for the organization to request a ________ form from the employee to protect themselves from a potential breach of privacy case. 1. fair use 2. right of publicity 3. signed release 4. intellectual property

3. signed release

A local news station ran a segment on their evening news show about a physician that had recently opened a practice in the town's hospital. The reporter falsely claimed that the physician hadn't graduated from medical school and that the diplomas on his wall were fakes. This scenario can be best described as an example of 1. fair use. 2. libel. 3. slander. 4. misappropriation of personality.

3. slander.

Genius Calculator's marketing manager asked their PR firm how the company could get a foothold with a new target market: midsize college bookstores. The PR firm agreed that college students would be an appropriate audience for their expanded sales strategy. This dialogue is an example of 1. the public relations professionals' goal to increase public awareness of the benefits of the calculator. 2. the goal to save money for the calculator company by focusing on one type of college at a time. 3. the difference in the terms marketing professionals use to refer to respective audiences versus the terms used by public relations professionals. 4. the marketing approach to build long-term relationships with consumers through reputation management activities.

3. the difference in the terms marketing professionals use to refer to respective audiences versus the terms used by public relations professionals.

Lo-Key Telecommunications recently learned that their chief financial officer had been embezzling money over the past year. The company's public relations team immediately sent out a briefing regarding their findings to news outlets, their shareholders, and through their social media accounts. The company's actions best illustrate the importance of ________ to the public. 1. corporate social responsibility 2. press agentry 3. transparency 4. sustainability

3. transparency

Which of the following forms of intellectual property would not fall under copyright protection? 1. A photograph of a company's headquarters 2. A recording of a company's annual shareholder meeting 3. A slogan used in a company's television commercials 4. A concept for a company's new advertising campaign

4. A concept for a company's new advertising campaign

Yvonne is a chief public relations officer for U-Sure Insurance. She recently met with a group of peers and was asked to explain how companies can address the lack of women in public relations leadership roles. Which of the following options represents Yvonne's best response? 1. By hiring women into freelance tactical public relations positions 2. By supporting efforts to require pay transparency 3. By lending capital to women who are preparing to open their own public relations firms 4. By providing meaningful, challenging opportunities to women early in their career

4. By providing meaningful, challenging opportunities to women early in their career

Angelo is creating a microsite to promote his employer's new product line. He wants to include several direct quotes from an industry magazine on the site to help support the product's benefits. Which of the following options best describes an action Angelo should take to protect himself from a claim of copyright infringement? 1. He needs to include a hyperlink to the magazine's online article. 2. He needs to include at least 10 percent of the magazine's original text in his work. 3. He needs to transform the magazine's quotes to ensure they are classified as fair use. 4. He needs to receive the magazine's permission to use the quotes.

4. He needs to receive the magazine's permission to use the quotes.

True is the CEO of a Fortune 500 organization. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he needed to quickly create and distribute communications to company employees and customers. Who did he most likely rely on for strategic direction with these communications? 1. DEI specialists 2. Freelance journalists 3. Opinion leaders 4. PR professionals

4. PR professionals

When Rawle Murdy suggested holding a humorous mock election campaign between two animal candidates running for president of the Charleston Animal Society, which step of the PR process does this action represent? 1. Research and analysis 2. Programming 3. Feedback 4. Policy formation

4. Policy formation

Latasha is planning a travelling e-sports competition that will stop for a weekend in major metropolitan areas across the country. Latasha wants to generate buzz for upcoming events while also highlighting the excitement of previous events. Which of the following people represents the best resource to help Latasha meet her goals? 1. Opinion leader 2. Media gatekeeper 3. Journalist 4. Publicist

4. Publicist

A large chemical manufacturer was recently accused of polluting a local water system due to the improper disposal of waste. The senior leadership team immediately hired a freelancer to help with their response strategy. The freelancer created content for press releases, speeches, social media, and blog posts and relayed the content to vendors, customers, the general public, and other stakeholders. The freelancer's actions can be best described as a form of 1. investor relations. 2. brand storytelling. 3. constituency analysis. 4. crisis management.

4. crisis management.

JB Technology is a small company operating in the renewable energy field. Due to the popularity of renewable energy, JB has experienced a sustained period of rapid growth. To alleviate some of the pressure on their public relations team, the firm hires a public relations specialist named Rahat to temporarily join the team. Rahat can be best described as a(n) 1. publicist. 2. intern. 3. staffer. 4. freelancer.

4. freelancer.

A public relations specialist wants to hold an onsite career fair to attract new talent to her organization. She creates a proposal and presents it to her manager, who quickly approves the event. This example best demonstrates why public relations is classified as a(n) ________ function. 1. management 2. line 3. advisory 4. staff

4. staff