Public Speaking Chapter 2 and 5

Guidelines for Ethical Listening

1. Be courteous and attentive 2. Avoid prejudging the speaker 3. Maintain the free and open expression of ideas

Guidelines for Ethical Speaking

1. Make sure your goals are ethically sound. 2. Be honest in what you say. 3. Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language. 4. Put ethical principles into practice.

Factors of Situational Audience Analysis

1. Size 2. Physical setting 3. Disposition toward the topic 4. Disposition toward the speaker 5. Disposition toward the occasion

Questions for Audience-Centeredness

1. To whom am I speaking? 2. What do I want them to know, believe, or do as a result of my speech? 3. What is the most effective way of composing and presenting my speech to accomplish that aim?

Attitude

A frame of mind in favor of or opposed to a person, policy, belief, institution, etc.

Demographic audience analysis

Audience analysis that focuses on demographic factors such as age, gender, religious orientation, group membership, and racial, ethnic, or cultural background.

Stereotyping

Creating an oversimplified image of a particular group of people, usually by assuming that all members of the group are alike.

Incremental Plagiarism

Failing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people.

Types of Plagiarism

Global plagiarism, Patchwork plagiarism, Incremental plagiarism

Audience-Centeredness

Keeping the audience foremost in mind at every step of speech preparation and presentation.

Plagiarism

Presenting another person's language or ideas as one's own.

Global Plagiarism

Stealing a speech entirely from a single source and passing it off as one's own.

Patchwork Plagiarism

Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own.

Ethnocentrism

The belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures.

Ethics

The branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs.

Egocentrism

The tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well-being.

Name-Calling

The use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups.

Ethical Decisions

Weighing a potential course of action against a set of ethical standards or guidelines.