Public Speaking Final Exam

When explaining the progress of molecular discoveries, Shanthan began by discussing Mendel's 1866 studies about inheritance of biological traits in peas, ending with recent information about the human genome project. Which pattern of organization did Shanthan employ in his speech? A. Chronological B. cause-effect C. topical D. spatial

A. Chronological

The first priority in an introduction is to: A. Get the audiences attention B. Reveal the topic C. Preview main ideas D. establish your credibility

A. Get the audiences attention

_____ is the term Aristotle used to refer to logic—the formal system of using rules to reach a conclusion. A. Logos B. Pathos C. Ethos D. Mythos

A. Logos

In Louise's speech about various golf grips and strokes, Louise used several golf clubs and demonstrated the moves as she spoke. In addition to herself, Louise effectively utilized which of the following presentation aids? A. Object B. Images C. Audio D. Model

A. Object

_____ is the term Aristotle used to refer to appeals to human emotion. A. Pathos B. Ethos C. Mythos D. Logos

A. Pathos

______ fonts are designed to look like handwriting; although interesting and dramatic, they should be used sparingly because they are harder to read. A. Script B. Decorative C. Serif D. Sans Serif

A. Script

______ is the practice of integrating images within the overall communication plan a speaker makes to achieve his or her speaking goal. A. Visual rhetoric B. organizational procedure C. attention maintenance D. strategic appeal

A. Visual rhetoric

The process of changing or reinforcing a listener's attitudes, beliefs, values, or behavior is A. persuasion B. motivation C. coercion D. argument

A. persuasion

According to Schultz, part of Augustine's great conversion as a rhetorician happened while standing naked in front of a mirror. From this, he realized that he was unable to hide from God, and thus should not hide from his audience. Schultz says that we as speakers can do this by ___________________ which allows us to strip away our layers of self-denial and dialoguing with ourselves. A. self-listening B. standing naked C. writing letters to our true selves D. being honest about bad habits

A. self-listening

In her presentation to the school board about plans for the new physical fitness facility, Ms. Anderson described how various workout areas, gyms, locker rooms, and physical therapy facilities will be located within the building. Which organizational pattern was Ms. Anderson using in her presentation? A. spatial B. topical C. problem-solution D. chronological

A. spatial

In a nationwide survey noted in the text, prospective employers of college graduates said they seek candidates with A. good speaking and presentation skills. B. enthusiasm and work experience. C. technical competence in the work area. D. attractive appearance and poise.

A. good speaking and presentation skills.

During the middle of Logan's speech to the Chicago Chamber of Commerce, an audience member stands up and asks a question, to everyone's surprise. According to your text, in this case the audience member A. violated the listener's role, as U.S. audience members rarely interrupt the speaker. B. acted very informally, which is what speakers appreciate C. behaved very acceptably, and in a common role. D. took over the role of the speaker.

A. violated the listener's role, as U.S. audience members rarely interrupt the speaker.

In his speech about volunteering for the American Red Cross, Jacob used a lot of slang, sat and leaned on the table in front of the class, and was dressed very casually. Which of the following statements BEST describes this speaking situation? A. Jacob delivered his speech in the best possible manner. B. Jacob ignored the rule that public speaking is more formal than conversation. C. Jacob violated the audience's space by leaning on the table in front of class. D. Jacob adapted to his audience by making his speech more informal.

B. Jacob ignored the rule that public speaking is more formal than conversation.

The underlying internal force that drives us to achieve our goals is A. Gut B. Motivation C. Persistence D. Anxiety

B. Motivation

Schultze makes an incredibly important point in chapter 5 of his text, that the expressiveness of a presenter is part of what engages your audience. He reminds us that speeches are not just speeches, they are ______________. A. Manuscripts B. Performances C. Packages D. Creative writing

B. Performances

A ______ is any image, object or sound that helps communicate an idea to an audience. A. Diagram B. Presentation aid C. model D. Confidence booster

B. Presentation aid

In the process of persuading your audience, which of the following is most difficult to change? A. Emotions B. Values C. Beliefs D. Attitudes

B. Values

Deanna makes the claim in her persuasive speech that unregulated car emissions in major urban areas contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer, which contributes to global warming. Which organizational pattern is reflected in this example? A. topical B. cause-effect C. spatial D. problem-solution

B. cause-effect

When speakers are tense and try to relax their muscles while waiting for their turn to speak, without calling attention to what they are doing, their actions reflect a strategy of coping with nervousness your text refers to as A. speech visualization. B. channeling your nervous energy C. adapting to the speaking environment. D. speech contextualization

B. channeling your nervous energy

The portion of a person's background that relates to factors such as nationality or religious heritage is known as A. cultural identity B. ethnicity C. religion D. race

B. ethnicity

Presentation aids are effective because we depend on _____ more than all the other senses combined. A. evidence B. sight C. statistics D. hearing

B. sight

In an introduction, proximity refers to ____________. A. the currency of the information B. the degree to which the information directly affects the audience C. the level of trust that the speaker has with the audience D. how close the speaker is to the audience

B. the degree to which the information directly affects the audience

For her informative speech, Abigail wants to tell her audience about three important factors to consider when purchasing a new computer. Which organizational pattern lends itself best to this topic? A. chronological B. topical C. cause-effect D. spatial

B. topical

The factor in a speaker's credibility that refers to his or her being perceived as energetic is known as A. Trustworthiness B. Charisma C. Dynamism D. Competence

C. Dynamism

A presentation aid which is a pictorial representation of statistical data is a A. Model B. Drawing C. Graph D. Slide

C. Graph

When you present the most important or convincing idea first in your speech, you are using the principle of A. redundancy B. complexity C. Primacy D. recency

C. Primacy

Because we hear so many sounds simultaneously, the first stage of listening is to A. Attend B. understand C. Select D. remember

C. Select

Dana opens her speech against on-demand abortion by putting up a transparency that shows a graphic image of an aborted fetus. According to the text, what difficulty might she face in using this in her introduction? A. Her imagery doesn't connect to her main points. B. She should have opened with a verbal, rather than visual attention getting C. This type of graphic content may disgust and repel her audience D. This is not likely to get the audiences attention

C. This type of graphic content may disgust and repel her audience

Which of the following is an example of a speech about an object? A. a speech about legendary Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page B. a speech about planting an organic garden C. a speech about vintage clothing D. a speech about Jungian psychology

C. a speech about vintage clothing

A good speaker should ethically use the information gathered in an audience analysis to adapt his or her message so that it will be better understood. According to your text, this process is called audience A. programming B. selection C. adaptation D. reception

C. adaptation

Joe is a former champion weightlifter and professional bodybuilder. He is preparing an informative speech on the abuse of steroids in physical fitness. Through his personal experiences, what quality does Joe add to the presentation of his speech? A. diversity B. satisfaction C. credibility D. timeliness

C. credibility

If you delivered a well-known speech by the British orator Edmund Burke, you would be practicing the art of A. interpretation B. oration C. declamation D. elocution

C. declamation

Schultz says that great speakers must use logos and ethos . If Brian gives a lecture about why he believes in God, and does so by solely relying on science and research on intelligent design, then he may miss which part of the speakers appeal? A. ethos B. logos C. pathos D. theos

C. pathos

A public speaker seeks to establish a(n) ______, or ongoing connection, with audience members by identifying common ground with them. A. admiration B. attachment C. relationship D. respect

C. relationship

When using color in computer-generated presentation aids, you should use A. a different background color on all visuals and no more than four colors for words. B. the same background color on all visuals and no fewer than three colors for words. C. the same background color on all visuals and no more than two colors for words. D. a different background color on all visuals and no more than two colors for words.

C. the same background color on all visuals and no more than two colors for words.

At the Chamber of Commerce monthly meeting, a representative from the local food pantry addresses the group about the services the pantry offers, demographics of the community, and the growing number of families they serve. What kind of special-occasion speech is this? A. Keynote Address B. Professional Report C. Public Relations Speech D. News Briefing

C. Public Relations Speech

One of the empowering resources that you develop by studying public speaking is ______, which involves analyzing information to judge its accuracy and relevance. A. organization B. self-confidence C. critical thinking D. Competence

C. Critical Thinking

Within 24 hours after listening to a lecture or speech, most people will likely recall only about ______ percent of the message. A. 85 B. 10 C. 75 D. 50

D. 50

When Ramone spoke about the need for regular flu shots and health check-ups, he was so knowledgeable and so informed about his subject that everyone responded quite positively to his speech. What aspect of credibility did Ramone most demonstrate here? A. Dynamism B. Trustworthiness C. Charisma D. Competence

D. Competence

The type of credibility established by giving careful thought to your appearance, establishing eye contact, and having your credentials presented to the audience before you speak is known as _____ credibility. A. Terminal B. Deserved C. Derived D. Initial

D. Initial

Joe is a member of Future Farmers of America (FFA), so for his demonstration speech he wanted to show his audience the proper way to groom and care for his prize-winning Holstein cattle. Instead of bringing a Holstein to class, what does the textbook suggest as the best option for Joe? A. Joe should use a three-dimensional model of a Holstein along with the items he uses to groom the cattle since the actual object is too large to be easily used . B. Joe should go ahead and use the Holstein, even if it is large and not easy to maneuver, because an object is always preferable to a drawing or model. C. Joe should forego the use of presentation aids in such a situation since a large presentation aid (such as a cow) would be too distracting. D. Joe should pass around photos since the actual object is too large and cumbersome to be easily used as a presentation aid for this speech.

D. Joe should pass around photos since the actual object is too large and cumbersome to be easily used as a presentation aid for this speech.

What advice does the text offer in regards to using people as presentation aids in a speech? A. Never use other people as presentation aids in a speech because of the potential for something to go wrong. B. Try using a spur-of-the-moment volunteer in your speech to create immediacy. C. Avoid using others as presentational aids; rely on yourself as the presentational aid. D. Make sure they don't draw attention away from your speech; have them stand or sit still until they are needed in the speech.

D. Make sure they don't draw attention away from your speech; have them stand or sit still until they are needed in the speech.

According to ______ theory, listeners have certain expectations about how speakers should communicate. If these expectations are violated, listeners will feel less favorable toward the communicator of the message. A. communication delivery B. general semantics C. verbal expectancy D. Nonverbal expectancy

D. Nonverbal expectancy

Lawrence, a climatologist, is asked to participate in an informal group presentation with other scientists in which a moderator encourages the scientists to engage in an informed dialogue on the issue of climate change. Lawrence does not have to prepare a formal speech for the presentation, but has decided to prepare some notes on key facts and statistics that he can use during the discussion. Lawrence will be participating in a A. symposium B. News Briefing C. forum D. Panel Discussion

D. Panel Discussion

As a Roman teacher of public speaking, Quintilian felt that effective public speakers should be A. Polished and persuasive B. Charismatic in the approach C. Powerful and Commanding D. People of good character

D. People of good character

______ is the process of presenting a message to an audience, small or large. A. Agumentation B. Conversation C. Audience Engagement D. Public Speaking

D. Public Speaking

Aristotle said that in persuasion, first you ______ your case and second you ______ your case. A. explain; make B. state; refute C. allude; display D. State; Prove

D. State; Prove

A ______ is a public discussion during which the members of a group share responsibility by presenting a series of short speeches to an audience. A. panel discussion B. forum C. news broadcast D. Symposium

D. Symposium

For an upcoming speech, Marcie began her research on the subject of nanotechnology on Wikipedia. What does Marcie need to keep in mind while reviewing an article from this site? A. The site likely has the most accurate and current data available. B. The site has no application to the speech research process. C. The site is probably her best option for scientific information. D. The site's reliability and appropriateness for academic use are limited.

D. The site's reliability and appropriateness for academic use are limited.

Taylor is leading a planning session for the marketing department of her company, and she wants to use a presentation aid that can help her summarize comments from co-workers during her presentation. Which type of presentation aid would best fit her needs? A. a pie graph B. a line graph C. a model D. a flip chart

D. a flip chart

You're deciding on a speech topic, but need some information from your audience. Rather than asking them to divulge their opinions out loud, you design a short questionnaire. The questionnaire asks whether a person agrees or disagrees with a series of statements regarding various topics. What form of survey are you using? A. an informal audience analysis survey using open-ended questions B. a formal audience analysis survey using open-ended questions C. an informal audience analysis survey using closed-ended questions D. a formal audience analysis survey using closed-ended questions

D. a formal audience analysis survey using closed-ended questions

When we, as listeners, focus on the message, we are said to A. understand B. remember C. select D. attend

D. attend

According to ______ theory, a speaker should pay attention to how emotions are communicated when delivering a speech because people tend to "catch" the emotions of others. A. verbal expectancy B. social contagion C. nonverbal expectancy D. emotional contagion

D. emotional contagion

When speaking to inform, the speaker's primary goal is to A. enhance the speaker's knowledge or understanding. B. change or reinforce a speaker's attitudes, beliefs, values or behavior. C. change or reinforce a listener's attitudes, beliefs, values or behavior. D. enhance the audience's knowledge or understanding.

D. enhance the audience's knowledge or understanding.

Given the task of presenting a speech, Susan decides to speak from an outline that can help her sound conversational and spontaneous. She wants to be able to adapt her remarks to the feedback she receives from the audience, and also wants to make more eye contact with the audience. What method of delivery will be best, given Susan's speech goals? A. manuscript B. memory C. impromptu D. extemporaneous

D. extemporaneous

Smiles, head nods, eye contact, and clapping from audience members are all forms of encoding. B. decoding. C. channel. D. feedback.

D. feedback.

Academic Search Complete and JSTOR are examples of A. web directories B. web browsers C. search engines D. full-text databases

D. full-text databases

According to Schultz, the archbishop of Constantinople, John Chrysostym began his rhetorical education at the age of twelve. He believed that Christians should know: A. how to read Greek B. how to gain wisdom in literature C. how to translate biblical texts D. how to speak well

D. how to speak well

One way public speaking and conversation are similar is that both A. are planned. B. involve very clearly defined roles. C. are formal. D. require focusing and verbalizing your thoughts.

D. require focusing and verbalizing your thoughts.

During the first day of class speech presentations, Dwayne had a bad sinus infection and his ears were plugged so he couldn't hear the speakers. He was experiencing _____ noise. A. psychological B. external C. anatomical D. physiological

D. physiological