PVN 133 Growth & Development: Exam 1 & 2
Which playtime activity would best promote linguistic development in toddlers?
A children's TV program
What is a goal for organized athletics for school-age children?
A life-long enjoyment of fitness
Which statements are true regarding types of families? Select all that apply.
A nuclear family lives in an independent household Cohabitation is typically associated with unmarried couple
Which stage of psychosocial development should an individual successfully master to achieve self-control and willpower, according to Erikson's theory?
Autonomy versus shame and doubt
The nurse finds that an adolescent male's trunk is short when compared to the legs. What should the nurse infer from these findings?
The adolescent has normal growth and development
A nursing instructor asks a nursing student about the physical changes observed in toddlers. Which statement made by the student indicates the need for further teaching?
The average toddler grows 4.2 cm each year."
When assessing the cognitive development of a 9-year-old child, which characteristic indicates inadequate cognitive development?
The child believes there are more blocks when spread out on the floor than in the container.
The nurse is caring for a Jehovah's Witness client who is scheduled for a surgery. Which statement made by the client indicates adherence to cultural beliefs?
"I don't want to have any blood transfusions during my surgery."
Which statement made by the mother of a 9-month-old infant supports the nurse's conclusion that the infant has good fine motor development?
"My baby picks up small objects."
The nurse has taught newborn care and safety to a group of expectant mothers. Which statement by a mother indicates the need for additional teaching?
"I'll keep my baby in a backward-facing car seat until he's a year old."
Which statement by the nurse is accurate and appropriate to the parents of a toddler-age client who has never been to the dentist?
"It is a good idea to let your child go with you for a dental visit prior to scheduling one for your child."
The nurse is collecting data from a 6-year-old child during a well-child visit. After interacting with the child's mother, the nurse suspects that the child requires psychiatric screening. Which statement by the mother supports the nurse's conclusion?
"My child still wets the bed at night."
The nurse is interacting with the parent of a male adolescent and interprets that the adolescent is in the fourth stage of Piaget's cognitive development theory. Which statement made by the parent supports the nurse's conclusion?
"My child yells at me when I forbid him from attending any late night parties.
The nurse is interacting with the parent of a male adolescent and interprets that the adolescent is in the fourth stage of Piaget's cognitive development theory. Which statement made by the parent supports the nurse's conclusion?
"My child yells at me when I forbid him from attending any late night parties."
A nurse is discussing religious beliefs and practices of Roman Catholics with a group of nursing students. Which statement made by a student indicates effective teaching?
"Roman Catholics of 14 years of age or older abstain from eating meat on Ash Wednesday."
A father expresses concern that his 2-year-old daughter has become a "finicky eater" and is eating less. How should the nurse respond?
"Your daughter's behavior is expected in response to her slower growth."
At which age does an infant have a strong grasp reflex?
1 month
How many hours of sleep a night do preschoolers need?
11 to 12 hours
While reviewing the admission assessment the nurse finds that a 2-year-old child has not received immunization for measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR). At what age should the child have received this vaccine?
12 months
At what age does the anterior fontanel of the skull close?
12 to 18 months
Which age range does the nurse know is classified as the toddler years?
12 to 36 months
During which health maintenance visit for a toddler-age client should the nurse assess the ability to throw a ball overhand without losing balance?
18 months
At what age is a toddler-age client physiologically and psychologically prepared for toilet training?
22 months
Which of these statements about language development in children ages 12 to 36 months are true? Select all that apply.
24-month-old children use pronouns. 36-month-old children learn to use five or six new words each day.
The nurse is preparing to assess several clients at a pediatric clinic. Which client would require a developmental screening versus developmental surveillance during a scheduled health maintenance visit?
A 9-month-old infant
Which can cause family stress? Select all that apply.
Abuse, divorce, chronic Illness
While communicating with a nurse, a child reports, "I lost my parents in an accident and I live with new parents." Which type of family is reflected in this situation?
Adoptive family
A licensed practical nurse prepares a chart about the dietary practices of clients of different cultures. Which chart entry shows that the nurse has an effective understanding on this topic?
African Americans (lactose intolerance)
Which nursing intervention will help the toddler-age client diagnosed with a chronic illness develop autonomy?
Allowing the child to dress independently
A 9-year-old boy is told that he must stay in the hospital for at least 2 weeks. The nurse finds him crying and unwilling to talk. What is the priority nursing care at this time?
Providing privacy to allow him to express his feelings
Which stage is observed in a 2-year-old child according to Freud's theory?
Anal
In which type of play do children play together, share toys, and communicate with each other?
Associative play
Which type of cerebral palsy may cause a wide-based gait in children?
Ataxic
What developmental task should the nurse consider when caring for toddlers?
Autonomy
According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what should the nurse expect a 6-month-old infant to demonstrate?
Beginning of object permanence
What is the cause of athetoid cerebral palsy in infants?
Birth asphyxia
Which family has at least one step-parent and step-sibling?
Blended family
Which type of family is formed when both parents bring children from previous relationships into a joint living situation?
Blended family
Which statements regarding Muslim religious beliefs are correct? Select all that apply.
Cremation is forbidden when a Muslim dies Muslim women should only remove religious jewelry when absolutely necessary
Which motor response appears at 8 months of age?
Crude pincer grasp
Which action by a mother indicates the need for additional teaching about the administration of oral iron supplements in children?
Giving a liquid iron supplement with whole cow's milk
A nurse has moved and taken a job in a community with a high concentration of individuals belonging to a specific faith. The nurse has noticed these clients do not normally seek medical care but instead follow a spiritual framework. To which religion might these clients belong?
Christian Science
Which stage of development is observed in a 9-year-old child according to Jean Piaget's cognitive development theory?
Concrete operational
During testing of the neurologic reflexes of an infant, which reflex should the nurse expect to appear at 3 months and persist until 24 to 36 months of age?
Neck righting
According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, what precautionary measures should a nurse instruct parents to follow to prevent a child from being accidentally poisoned? Select all that apply
Dispose of unused and unneeded medication safely Keep potential poisons away from the sight and reach of children Make sure all containers and cabinets are securely closed after use.
Which behavioral quality involves demonstrating the feelings and behaviors characterized by self-consciousness?
Egocentricity
Which could be the result if a person fails to master the intimacy vs. isolation stage of Erikson's psychosocial development?
Egocentricity
A preschooler says he wishes his sibling would die, and then the sibling falls ill with an infection. The preschooler feels guilty for wishing harm to his sibling. What is the best action for the parents to take in this scenario?
Explain to the child that wishes do not make things happen
Which family consists of a traditional family and an additional family?
Extended family
Which type of family involves a nuclear family plus additional family members living in the same household?
Extended family
Obesity in children is an ever-increasing problem. What should a nurse consider before confronting the problem with individual children?
Familial and cultural influences are deciding factors in eating habits.
Which physiologic changes are observed in pregnant women during the third trimester? Select all that apply.
Fatigue Urinary frequency Braxton Hicks contractions
Which are signs of inadequate sleep in school-age children? Select all that apply.
Fatigue, Irritability, Inattention
Which period of Piaget's theory covers the prevalence of egocentrism in adolescents?
Formal operations
Which theory explains psychosexual development from infancy to adolescence?
Freud's theory
A nursing student compares the cultural beliefs and practices of Mexican Americans and Chinese Americans. Which statement by a nursing student indicates adequate knowledge about the practices of these cultures?
Grief in a Mexican American family is sometimes expressed with hyperkinetic behavior, whereas a Chinese American family wears white, yellow, or black clothing as a sign of mourning.
A child complains of stomach pain, and the nurse suspects it is a symptom of stress. Which other signs and symptoms of stress would lead the nurse to investigate the situation further? Select all that apply.
Headache Passing urine in bed Difficulty sleeping
The nurse is observing a group of school-age children riding bicycles. Which actions of the children might increase their risk of injury? Select all that apply.
Hitching a ride behind a car Two people riding side by side Riding bicycles near parked cars
The nurse is reinforcing best parenting practices to the parents of a 13-year-old child. Which statements made by the parent need correction? Select all that apply.
I should motivate my child to perform well in exams by comparing her to her siblings." "I should teach my child to make decisions and understand consequences as an adult would."
A 13-year-old child states, "I don't know if I want to go to college or start working after high school." Which stage of psychosocial development is indicated by this child's uncertainty?
Identity vs. role confusion
A nurse is assessing the oral cavity of a 6-month-old infant. The parent asks which teeth will erupt first. What is the nurse's response?
Incisors
The nurse explains to the mother of a preschool child that Erikson identified which developmental conflict for children from age 3 to 5 years?
Initiative versus guilt
When having a conversation with a nurse, an older client states, "I've lived a good life. I don't want to die, but I accept it as a part of life." What developmental stage, according to Erikson, has the client completed
Integrity
According to Erikson, a young adult must accomplish the tasks associated with which stage?
Intimacy versus isolation
A woman says, "Because of my religious beliefs, I want to be checked by a female primary health care provider." Later the woman says, "I'm not allowed to make decisions regarding family planning, so my husband needs to be here." To which religion does this woman likely belong
Islam
A nurse is caring for an infant with meningitis. When the nurse extends the baby's leg, the hamstring muscles go into spasm and the infant begins to cry. What sign or reflex is the infant exhibiting?
Kernig sign
Who would form an integral part of a nuclear family?
Married parents with children
During a family visit, a child states, "My dad moved out. I live with my mom and grandmother." Which type of family pattern does this statement indicate?
Matriarchal
A nurse cares for an older adult client whose culture of origin prohibits touch between unmarried individuals. To which culture does this client most likely belong?
Middle Eastern
Which statement is true about the diet plan for toddlers?
Milk should be supplemented with solid food items like vegetables and fruits.
Which behaviors are observed in individuals at a conventional level of moral development ? Select all that apply.
Obeying the rules Respecting authority Maintaining social order
A 9-month-old infant who appears well nourished, alert, and happy is brought to the well-baby clinic for a routine physical examination. Using Freud's psychosocial theory of development, the nurse determines that the infant is in which stage?
Oral-sensory stage
The nurse is explaining to a parent about Freud's theory of child development. What stages does the nurse include in the discussions? Select all that apply.
Phallic stage Latency stage
What safety measure should the nurse instruct parents to follow when their child is a toddler?
Place window guards on all windows.
Which activities should the nurse expect to see exhibited by a healthy 6-month-old infant during an evaluation of the infant's growth and development? Select all that apply.
Playing peek-a-boo Turning completely over Reaching to be picked up Sitting for a short time without support
The nurse finds a child to be unmotivated and disheartened due to dysfluency of speech. What should the nurse advise the parents to do to build the child's confidence to speaking? Select all that apply.
Resist the urge to complete the child's sentences Listen attentively to what the child says Speak to the child in a slow and relaxed way
A 1-year-old infant is brought to the pediatric clinic for the first time. During the assessment the nurse suspects a developmental delay. What developmental milestone should have been achieved by this age?
Responding to peek-a-boo
A nursing student compares the approaches of different religions to birth control and prepares a chart based on this knowledge. Which groups have been correctly matched with their beliefs regarding birth control?
Roman Catholic
While assessing a newborn, the nurse strokes the newborn's cheek and observes for a response. What reflex does the newborn produce in response to the nurse's stimulation?
Rooting reflex
A nurse is reviewing the immunization schedule of an 5-month-old infant. What immunizations does the nurse expect the infant to have already received?
Rotavirus, DTaP, Haemophilus influenzae, polio, pneumococcal
While playing with her child, a mother takes a toy from the child and hides it. She then observes that the child begins to look for the hidden object. According to Piaget, which developmental stage is indicated by this behavior?
Sensorimotor
Which gross motor skill can be observed in a 7-month-old infant?
Sits alone without support
Which type of family involves unmarried couples living together and sharing roles?
Social contract family
Which is the fifth stage of moral development according to Lawrence Kohlberg?
Social contract orientation
A 14-month-old toddler is able to recognize the shapes of objects and fit smaller boxes into larger boxes. Which type of cognitive development does this action indicate?
Spatial relationship
While caring for a newborn in a neonatal intensive care unit, the nurse notices that the neonate is not moving his legs simultaneously. Which condition might the nurse suspect to be the reason for this?
Spinal cord injury
The parent of a 14-month-old toddler asks the nurse how to proceed with bowel training. What is the best response by the nurse?
Start by having the child sit on a potty chair.
Which term should the nurse use when describing the physical growth that occurs during the toddler years?
Steplike
Which factors most likely contribute to nightmares in school-age children? Select all that apply.
Stress, over tiredness, Violence on television
Which concerns are a priority for limiting risk and promoting health in adolescents? Select all that apply.
Suicide, Accidents, Interpersonal violence
After interacting with a preschooler, the nurse concludes that the child has normal development according to Fowler's spiritual development. Which behavior of the child supports the nurse's conclusion?
The child imitates the adults as they pray
According to Erikson's theory, which behavior would the student nurse explain that a toddler exhibits?
The child starts performing self-care activities
A newborn who was delivered with the assistance of forceps sustains an injury that results in facial paralysis. What would the nurse state to the mother?
The condition usually subsides on its own in a few days
An adolescent sustains a sports-related fracture of the femur, and open reduction and internal fixation with a rod insertion is performed. After the surgery, a nurse notes that the adolescent is very upset. In light of the client's developmental level, what does the nurse conclude is the most likely explanation for this distress?
The perception that the rod is a body intrusion
Which fine motor skills should the nurse assess for during a health maintenance visit for a toddler-age client? Select all that apply.
Throwing a ball, grasping small objects, Placing a round object in the correctly shaped hole
Which activities should the nurse encourage to enhance socialization for a preschool-age client diagnosed with a chronic illness? Select all that apply.
Trips to the park Day care experiences Play dates with friends
Which stage of Erikson's theory focuses on the needs of an infant?
Trust versus mistrust
Which is a developmental milestone related to feeding that the nurse anticipates for a 24-month-old client?
Using a straw to drink
Which statement is true about values
Values held by an individual can be clarified by expressing feelings and thoughts
What is the site of choice for administration of an intramuscular (IM) medication to an infant?
Vastus lateralis
Which major gross motor development skills would the nurse expect to see demonstrated during a teaching session with parents of a 12-month old client who is entering the toddler stage of development?
Walking alone
