pysch 205 final - chapter 12

Who conducted the Stanford prison experiment?

Zimbardo

What was the major flaw in the Stanford prison experiment?

Zimbardo did not use a control group.

The ________ effect focuses on the influence of the group majority on an individual's judgment.

conformity

________ is the strengthening of an original group attitude after the discussion of views within a group.

group polarization

________ refers to prejudice and discrimination against individuals based solely on their same-sex orientation.

homophobia

People view the Environmental Protection Agency as competent and believe they know correct information regarding what individuals should do to protect the environment, so they possess ________ social influence when it comes to enforcing a group norm of recycling.

informational

Which type of persuasion involves an indirect route that relies on association of peripheral cues to associate positivity with a message?

peripheral route

Which type of social influence involves conformity to a group norm prompted by the belief that the group is competent and has the correct information?

rational

Heather and Mike share the household chores as equally as possible. They take turns with the cooking and driving their son to daycare. Both of them work outside the home, and each of them takes responsibility for child care one night a week to give the other one a break. We can say that their relationship has ________.

reciprocity

Which of the following strategies would effectively prevent groupthink from occurring?

seeking outside opinions on group decisions

Dale thinks that women shouldn't work outside the home and vows never to hire a woman at his bank. Dale's attitudes and planned course of action are ________.

sexist

Anna thinks that Bill is rude to her because she had to seat him in a noisy, crowded area of the restaurant. Anna takes a ________ view of Bill.

situationist

Which of the following best exemplifies prosocial behavior?

Tyler visits his aunt once a week to bring her groceries.

Mona works at a bank. When Luis, a Colombian man, arrives to drop off his paycheck she pretends to be busy and directs him to another teller. She does this whenever a non-White person wants assistance. This is an example of ________.

discrimination

Roger and Joan have passion in their relationship, and they agree they will support each other. But when it comes to sharing their thoughts, they lack intimacy. Their love is called ________.

fatuous

Which type of persuasion involves encouraging a person to agree to a small favor or to buy a small item, only to later request a larger favor or purchase of a larger item?

foot-in-the-door

When it comes to relationships, we expect to share thoughts, feelings, and ideas in a mutual exchange called ________.

reciprocity

Diane and Bruce share their intimate thoughts and emotions and are physically attracted to each other, but their love does not contain any expectations beyond that. Their love is called ________.

romantic

In California, undocumented migrants are often blamed for high unemployment in the state, although statistics show that high unemployment is not related to the number of illegal migrants. In this example, illegal migrants are victims of ________: the act of blaming an out-group when the in-group experiences frustration or is blocked from obtaining a goal.

scapegoating

David attempts to minimize the costs of his relationship with Daniel while maximizing benefits. He enjoys Daniel's company, but he tries to avoid helping him move. This is an example of the ________ theory.

social exchange

What is the main point of the Stanford prison experiment?

social roles are powerful determinants of human behavior

Which statement about groupthink is correct?

Group members modify their opinions to match what they believe is the group consensus.

Which statement about Sternberg's triangular theory of love is incorrect?

Different aspects of love are hierarchical. For example, companionate love is much better and longer lasting than consummate love.

Which of the following makes it more likely that a child will be bullied?

Children who are different from others are more likely to be bullied.

What is a major problem with the original Milgram study

Milgram lied to his respondents, making his study borderline unethical.

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding social exchange theory?

People are dissatisfied if their social exchanges create more costs than benefits unless the relationship is an example of consummate love.

Which statement about social psychology is most accurate?

People's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by social situations

According to the frustration aggression theory, which of the following is likely to occur when Simon gets frustrated with his toilet training?

Simon bites his mother

Tom believes he is unable to stop gambling because his friends all gamble and are a bad influence; however, he believes that Barnaby is unable to stop gambling because Barnaby is addicted to gambling. This is an example of ________.

actor-observer bias

What is the just-world hypothesis?

an ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve

Which of the following is the best example of peripheral route persuasion?

anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use

Which of the following is the best example of central route persuasion?

anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year

A(n) ________ is the evaluation of or feelings toward a person, idea, or object that are typically positive or negative.

attitude

Social psychology is a field that studies both interpersonal and intrapersonal behavior. Which of the following is an example of interpersonal behavior?

attitudes

Which type of persuasion involves logic-driven arguments using data and facts to convince people of an argument's worthiness?

central route

Rhona and Jerome share each other's thoughts and feelings and are prepared to support each other, but they do not feel physical attraction. Their love is called ________.

companionate

The Milgram experiment required the participation of a(n) ________ to play the part of the person being shocked because the experiment would be invalidated if the participant realized the electric shock treatment was faked.

confederate

Fantasia believes that people with blue eyes are somehow more creative than other people. Whenever Fantasia encounters a person that has blue eyes and is creative, she places greater importance on this evidence supporting her already existing belief. At the same time, Fantasia ignores any evidence that people without blue eyes might display exceptional creativity. This is called a ________.

confirmation bias

Ashley and Mikhail share their intimate thoughts and emotions, are physically attracted to each other, and agree to support each other. Their love is called ________.

consummate

What is groupthink?

modification of the opinions of members of a group to align with what they believe is the group consensus