Q2

Sania is conducting a survey on territorial spaces to determine the average social distance in corporate offices in her city. Identify the branch of knowledge that Sania is most likely dealing with.

Proxemics

Ali, a manager at Westfort Inc., deducts the pay of his subordinates when they fail to meet targets due to absence from work. Which of the following approaches does Ali use to discourage undesirable behavior?

Punishment

In the context of approaches to modify behavior, which of the following can bring about negative behavioral consequences?

Punishment

_____ argues that the background characteristics of the top management team can predict organizational characteristics and set standards for values, competence, ethics, and unique characteristics throughout an organization.

Upper echelon theory

_____ reflect a person's inherent beliefs of what should or should not be.

Values

Which of the following statements is true of work teams?

They emphasize collective work products.

Which of the following statements is true of self-managed teams?

They have a positive impact on employee attitudes.

Which of the following statements is true of using eye contact in reflective listening?

Too much direct eye contact during a dialogue can have an intimidating effect.

In an effective work group, the task of seeking information involves asking for ideas, suggestions, information, or facts.

True

In the context of the relationship between organizational culture and performance, the fit perspective is useful in explaining short-term performance.

True

Job rotation involves increasing the number of activities in a job.

True

Mentor relationships go through four phases: initiation, cultivation, separation, and redefinition.

True

Norms that guide behavior of employees are part of the culture of an organization.

True

Poor performance may also stem from an employee's displaced anger or conflict with the organization or supervisor.

True

Success in the mentoring relationship depends on openness and trust.

True

The meaning of work is the way a person interprets and understands the value of work as part of life.

True

When a person from one culture views people from another culture through the lens of a stereotype, he or she discounts the individual differences that exist within that foreign culture.

True

In the context of Bruce Tuckman's five-stage model of group development, during the forming stage, team members _____.

are unclear about individual roles and responsibilities

An adaptive organizational culture is the one that:

encourages confidence and risk taking among employees.

In the context of the job characteristics theory, _____, a core job dimension, stimulates a critical psychological state that is the degree to which an employee knows and understands, on a continuous basis, how effectively he or she is performing the job.

feedback

Which of the following helps increase work motivation and task performance?

Providing timely feedback to employees

Which of the following is true of effective organizational stories?

They can create renewed energy.

Job enlargement was developed to overcome:

the difficulty of coordinating work within an organization.

_____ is a term that describes using the Internet for personal business at work while pretending to do legitimate work.

Cyberloafing

Which of the following is true of norms of behavior in a group?

They are the standards that a work group uses to evaluate the behavior of its members.

Which of the following steps would enable organizations to develop an effective global organizational culture?

Management should award employees who support the global view.

Barbra has a meeting with a coworker about a project. She wants to encourage cooperation from her coworker so that he, too, feels committed to the project. Given this information, which of the following seating arrangements will most likely help Barbra achieve her purpose?

Barbra must sit beside her coworker, facing the same direction.

_____ is the process of modifying behavior by pairing a conditioned stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit an unconditioned response.

Classical conditioning

Which of the following is an essential empowerment skill in an organization?

Communication skills

In the context of job enlargement, which of the following statements is true?

Cross-training programs are a variation of job enlargement.

In the context of developing an ethical organizational culture, which of the following statements is true?

Managers can encourage ethical behavior by communicating that rationalizations for unethical behavior are not tolerated.

_____ is a work relationship that encourages development and career enhancement for people moving through the career cycle.

Mentoring

360-degree feedback is based on a single source of information to improve the accuracy of performance appraisals.

False

A nonadaptive organizational culture is a culture that encourages confidence and risk taking among employees.

False

Competence norms are more important than morality norms when it comes to making decisions about improving the status of one's work group.

False

Cross-training programs are variations of job enrichment.

False

Effective supervisors refrain from voicing their opinions in meetings.

False

Formally assigned mentors from higher up in the organizational hierarchy are always more effective guides than supervisors and coworkers.

False

In the context of the Kilmann-Saxton Culture-Gap Survey, task support includes long-term technical norms.

False

Jobs designed through scientific management have a variety of tasks, and each task requires workers to analyze and plan its execution.

False

Kinesics is the study of an individual's perception and use of space, including territorial space.

False

Task functions are those activities essential to the effective, satisfying interpersonal relationships within a group or team.

False

The presence of a wild turkey in the upper echelons of an organization is invariably a negative force.

False

Which of the following is a feature of the German approach to work?

Hierarchy and authority relationships are valued.

In the context of ergonomics and interdisciplinary framework in job design, which of the following is most likely a positive outcome associated with the motivational approach to job design?

Higher job satisfaction

In which of the following groups all members share similar backgrounds?

Homogeneous groups

Which of the following is true of cyberloafing?

It can cost companies millions of dollars in lost productivity.

Which of the following statements is true of the social information-processing (SIP) model of job design?

It emphasizes the importance of other people.

Which of the following statements is true of reflective listening?

It emphasizes the personal elements of the communication process.

Which of the following statements is true of the Japanese approach to job design?

It encourages collective and cooperative working arrangements.

Which of the following statements is true of learning?

It helps guide and direct motivated behavior.

Which of the following is true of goal setting?

It improves role clarity.

Which of the following is true of a job?

It is not the same as an organizational position.

In the context of Bruce Tuckman's five-stage model of group development, which of the following is true of the adjourning stage?

It is the final stage of group development where the task is completed.

_____ is a variation of job enlargement in which workers are exposed to a variety of specialized jobs over time.

Job rotation

Sarah believes that work is an activity that is bound by specified time periods and does not bring positive feelings. In the context of the six patterns people follow in defining work, Sara follows _____.

Pattern F

In the context of the Kilmann-Saxton Culture-Gap Survey, which of the following areas includes long-term human orientation norms?

Personal freedom

Which of the following is a source of task-specific self-efficacy?

Persuasion from other people

Which of the following approaches to job design is a person-job fit model rather than a universal job design model?

The job characteristics theory

In the context of interpersonal communication, which of the following is the conceptual component of a message?

The message's content

In the context of interpersonal communication, which of the following is true of perceptual screens?

They are built upon the sender's and receiver's individual attributes.

Which of the following is true of strong organizational cultures?

They are characterized by goal alignment.

Which of the following best describes intuitors?

They are individuals who prefer theoretical frameworks.

_____ can be defined as mental or physical activity that has productive results and is organized into jobs.

Work

On the foundation day of an organization, the president of the organization awards exceptionally performing employees with a bouquet and a plaque at a banquet every year. This is an example of:

a ceremony.

The fit perspective about the relationship between organizational culture and performance argues that:

a culture is good only if it fits an industry or a firm's strategy.

German industrial engineers have a more _____, which places human considerations at the center of job design decisions.

anthropocentric approach

Thorndike's law of effect states that:

behaviors followed by negative consequences are less likely to recur.

In the context of empowerment skills, _____ include self-expression skills and skills in reflective listening.

communication skills

The famous statement made by Harold Geneen, former chairman of ITT: "If I had enough arms and legs and time, I'd do it all myself," contradicts the concept of _____.

differentiation

In an emergency situation, such as a life-threatening trauma in an emergency room, a supervisor must be:

direct and assertive.

In the context of diversity, the effect of _____ within a team is often studied in relation to social identity theory and self-categorization theory.

dissimilarity

Polyphasic activity is:

doing more than one thing at a time, or multitasking.

A balance between head and heart is achieved when a person displays positive _____.

emotional competence

The advantages of culturally diverse groups appear to include the generation of more and better ideas while limiting the risk of _____.

groupthink

Individuals with high self-efficacy believe that they:

have the ability to get things done.

In the context of groups and work teams, groups emphasize:

individual leadership.

In the context of empowerment skills, _____ are motivated to act autonomously, though not necessarily to maximize their personal gains.

individualistic people

Jobs in an organization are:

interdependent.

A manager says to her secretary, "Nancy is a slacker. She is always unavailable when there is a deadline." In this scenario, the manager is indulging in _____.

labeling

In the context of team diversity, a member who contributes to the team's functions through the communicator style:

listens well, facilitates the group's process, and humanizes the collective effort.

In an effective work group, _____ enhance togetherness, cooperation, and teamwork, enabling members to achieve psychological intimacy while furthering the success of a team.

maintenance functions

At Bling Clothing, the managers and employees regularly interact with each other. They carry out negotiations to ensure that the goals of the organization and the goals of the employees are met. The approach followed by Bling Clothing exemplifies _____.

management by objectives

Joseph speaks very rapidly. Even when he is normal, his colleagues mistake him to be nervous. In this scenario, Joseph's colleagues evidently make assumptions about him based on _____.

metalanguage cues

In the context of empowerment skills, the most critical process skills include _____.

negotiating skills

To facilitate direct and open communication with another person, _____.

one should seat the other person at right angles to oneself

In the context of performance management, _____ emphasizes collective performance rather than individual performance and is enhanced by employee involvement programs.

organizational citizenship behavior

According to a group development model, the interpersonal issues that are addressed by a group include:

personal comfort of the group members.

Kimi, the president of a corporation, upholds the organization's belief in corporate philanthropy. She is usually the first employee to donate blood in corporate blood drives. The given scenario portrays:

personal enactment.

Supervisors can play a helpful role in employee problem-solving activities without accepting responsibility for the employees' problems by:

referring the employees to trained professionals.

With rapid changes in business environment such as globalization, workforce diversity, and technological innovation, managers must focus on:

reinforcing ethical behavior.

Goal setting reduces:

role stress associated with conflicting and confusing expectations.

In the context of territorial space, a four-foot-wide desk pushes business interactions into the _____.

social distance zone

Steve, a member of Research and Development team at SourceQuestions, feels that his ideas and suggestions are always dismissed by his manager. As a result, Steve relies on the efforts and suggestions of his teammates and fails to contribute any new ideas to the team. In the context of group behavior, Steve's actions can be described as _____.

social loafing

The two underlying dimensions of the Organizational Culture Inventory (OCI) are:

task/people and security/satisfaction.

Selena, the head architect of a government firm, is called for a meeting with her boss. Her boss expresses his concern about a collapsing dam at one of the hydroelectric power plants. Using reflective listening, when responding to her boss, Selena should avoid:

too much direct eye contact with him.

Negative reinforcement occurs when managers _____ after an employee demonstrates a desirable behavior.

withhold a negative consequence

According to an international study involving the Work Value Scales (WVS), the two common basic work dimensions across cultures are:

work content and job context.

Scientific management, an approach to work design, emphasizes:

work simplification.