Questions from Unit 7A quiz

Walking into your bedroom you think, "I need to get y backpack from the kitchen" When you reach the kitchen, you forget what you came there for. As you return to your bedroom you suddenly remember, "Backpack!" this is sudden recall is best explained by

context effects

Exceptionally clear memories of emotionally significant events are called

flashbulb memories

Fill in the blank test questions _______; matching concepts with their definitions measures_________.

recall; recgonition

When first introduced to someone, Marcel effectively remembers the person's name by repeating it to himself several times. Marcel makes use of a strategy called

rehearsal

Which of the following is the best example of the testing effect?

repeated quizzing of information increases the chances it will be recalled

After learning the combination for his new locker at a school, Milton is unable to remember the combination for his year old bicycle lock. Milton is experiencing the effects of

retroactive interference

After looking up his friend's phone number, Alex was able to remember it only long enough to dial it correctly. In case, the telephone number was clearly stored in his _______ memory

Short term

Which of the following offers the best explanation for infantile amnesia?

the hippocampus is one of the last brain structures to mature

Superior memory for rap lyrics that include the most rhymes best illustrates the values of

acoustic encoding

The process of getting information into memory is called

encoding

The human capacity for storing long term memories is

essentially unlimited

The process of retrieval refers to

getting information out of memory stage

When Sperling visually displayed three rows of three letters each for only one twentieth of a second, research participants

has a momentary photographic memory of all nine letters

Unlike implicit memories, explicit memories are processed by the

hippocampus

The increase in synaptic firing potential that contributes to memory formation is known as

long term potentiation

The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system is called ________ memory

long-term

semantic encoding refers to the processing of

meanings

Recalling the pleasurable high points of an experience while forgetting its more mundane moments helps explain

rosy retrospection

The tendency to immediately recall the first and last items in a list better then the middle items is known as the __________ effect

serial position

After his last drinking spree, Fakim hid a half empty liquor bottle. He couldn't remember where he hid it until he started drinking again. Fakim's pattern of recall best illustrates

state dependent theory

Our immediate short term memory for new material is limited to roughly _______ bits of information

7

The famous Ebbinghaus forgetting curve indicates that how well we remember information depends on

how long ago we learned that information

The disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information is called

proactive interference

Visually associating five items needed from the grocery store with mental images of a bun, a shoe, a tree, a door and a hive best illustates the use of

the peg-word system

The organization of information into meaningful units is called

chunking

You are most likely to automatically encode information about

The sequence of your day's events

Your relative success in recalling various items one day after you first heard them listed in order is likely to illustrate

a primacy effect

We can encode many sensory experiences simultaneously, some automatically because of which property of the brain?

parallel processing

Iconic memory refers to

photographic or picture-image, memory that lasts for only a few tenths of a second

When Loftus and Palmer asked observers of a filmed car accident how fast the vehicles were going when they "smashed" into each other, the observers developed memories of the accident that

portrayed the event as more serious than t had actually been

Hermann Ebbinghaus' use of nonsense syllables to study memory led to the discovery that

the amount remembered depends on the time spent learning

Participants in one experiment were given entirely fabricated accounts of an occasion in which they had been lost in a shopping mall during their child hood. Many of these participants later falsely recollected vivid details of the experience as having actually occurred. This experiment best illustrates

the misinformation effect

Jamille performs better one foreign language vocabulary test if she studies the material 15 minutes every day for 8 days than if she crams for 2 hours the night before the test. This illustrates what is known as

the spacing effect

While your Mom is lecturing you about cleaning your room, you lose your concentration. Then, suddenly you hear the significant words, "no car keys" When she asks "Are you listening to me?" you are able to repeat the last few things she said before mentioning the car keys. Which of the following best explains the phenomenon?

words stored in echoic memory will last for 3-4 seconds, so you can still recall her words

To recognize the active information processing that occurs in short term memory, researchers have characterized it as _______ memory

working