Quiz #1 Chapter 7 Memory

"ROY G. BIV" is an example of a(n) ________ that helps one remember the colors of the rainbow—red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. a. acronym b. antonym c. alliteration d. synonym

a. acronym

Memories of one's first pet and how to read reside in ________. a. long term memory b. short term memory c. primary memory d. sensory memory

a. long term memory

In the context of short-term memory, the process of breaking down a list of items to be remembered into a smaller set of meaningful units is known as ________. a. blocking b. rehearsing c. priming d. chunking

d. chunking

Matthew can walk on his hands. He does not remember how he learned to do it, and he cannot explain to others how he does it. Matthew's skill of walking on hands is characteristic of ________. a. implicit memory b. nondeclarative memory c. semantic memory d. autobiographic memory

a. implicit memory

In the same evening, Keith first studied for his sociology exam and then for his psychology exam. When it was time for him to take his sociology exam, all he could remember was psychology material. Keith's forgetting is an example of ________. a. retroactive interference b. proactive interference c. anterograde amnesia d. retrograde amnesia

a. retroactive interference

In the levels-of-processing model of memory and recall, which is the deepest level of processing? a. semantic b. phonemic c. unconscious d. structural

a. semantic

Nick can accurately recall the names of the capital cities of every country in North and South America. Nick's recall of these facts is an example of _________________. a. semantic memory b. episodic memory c. procedural memory d. implicit memory

a. semantic memory

To remember his friend's home address, Lester recites it out aloud to himself repeatedly until he can recall it perfectly. In the context of storing memories, Lester is ________. a. using rehearsal to store the information b. experiencing the recency effect c. trying to encode memories while multitasking d. chunking the information

a. using rehearsal to store the information

In the context of the types of memory, which of the following statements is true of short-term memory? a. It exists outside of an individual's conscious reach. b. It is a place to temporarily store information before forgetting it or committing it to long-term memory. c. It categorizes and processes sensory information based on an individual's mental schemas. d. It is what most people think of when they think of memory.

b. It is a place to temporarily store information before forgetting it or committing it to long-term memory.

________ processing occurs when one carefully attends to and consciously works at remembering information. a. automatic b. effortful c. phonological d. structural

b. effortful

Jiao is trying to remember where she kept the receipt of the birthday gift she bought her mother. In which stage of long-term memory processing is Jiao engaged? a. storage b. retrieval c. consolidation d. encoding

b. retrieval

When talking about a stage play that both Suzy and Darla attended, Suzy tells about how she enjoyed the timely dialogues of the play and carefully observed the expressions of each of the actors and how beautifully they portrayed varying emotions. Darla, on the other hand, talks about how she was mesmerized by the background music playing and listened intently at the change in the notes as the scene on the stage changed. This difference in remembering the same event differently is due to ________. a. reconsolidation b. selective attention c. absent-mindedness d. divided attention

b. selective attention

To remember the four bases found in DNA—thymine, guanine, adenine, and cytosine—Luke makes up a sentence using the first letter from each base as the first letters for his words, repeating to himself, "The Girl Ate Cookies." Which of the following did Luke use in this scenario? a. the method of loci b. chunking c. a mnemonic device d. rhyming

c. a mnemonic device

Jonathan has been riding bicycles for a long time. When his sister asks him to teach her how to keep her balance on a bicycle, he finds that he cannot properly explain to her what she needs to do. Jonathan's ability to ride bicycles without being able to explain how he does so is an example of him tapping into his ________. a. phonological loop b. semantic memory c. implicit memory d. episodic buffer

c. implicit memory

Which of the following is true about encoding as a processing stage in long-term memory? a. it is the retention of memory over time b. it is the process of establishing, stabilizing, or solidifying a memory c. it is driven by attention d. it is the recover of information stored in memory

c. it is driven by attention

________ is the first step toward the creation of a long-term memory. a. transduction b. adaptation c. sensation d. perception

c. sensation

In the context of the levels-of-processing approach to memory, identify one of the findings of research conducted on recall. a. sleep has no effect on recalling memories b. it is easier to recall factual memories than emotional ones c. the more deeply a person processes the material, the better he or she will remember it d. recall gets worse the sooner a person falls asleep after taking in information

c. the more deeply a person processes material, the better he or she will remember it

To study ________, researchers ask questions to focus participants' attention on the sound of the word. a. structural processing b. semantic processing c. effortful processing d. midlevel processing

d. midlevel processing

Sana can easily recall almost everything she learned at school about water bodies on earth. She remembers the names of the major rivers in the United States, as well as the names of the major seas and oceans in the world. In the context of long-term memory, Sana's ability to recall geographic facts that she learned at school is an example of ________. a. episodic memory b. implicit memory c. procedural memory d. semantic memory

d. semantic memory

Deidre has a list of medicines she needs to buy from the drugstore. She quickly goes through the list and, believing she has memorized it, leaves the list behind when she steps out of her home. When she reaches the drugstore, however, she can only recall the names of the first few and the last few medicines on the list. Deidre's inability to recall the names of the medicines in the middle of the list is an example of ________. a. amnesia b. the phenomenon of suggestibility c. reconsolidation d. the serial position effect

d. the serial position effect