Quiz 1 : How Is a Plant Made? UNIT 7

anthocyanins minerals dissolved proteins sugars calcium oxalate

(Select all that apply.) Choose the FIVE substances that can be found in the cell vacuoles.

interpret coded information decompose chemicals perform maintenance convert energy duplicate itself selective exchange synthesize chemicals

(Select all that apply.) Choose the operations conducted by the "cell factory."

plant

A _____________ cell has a cell wall and a water vacuole to help maintain a rigid structure.

the basic building block of organisms

A cell is:

Vacuole

A cell storage body that increases in size with age

RNA

A chemical important in taking blueprint messages from DNA

False

A chloroplast consists solely of a football shaped container of chlorophyll.

Nucleolus

A concentration of the nucleic acid RNA, which is important in carrying chemical messages to other bodies in the cytoplasm.

Cell wall

A feature of plants that gives shape and texture and provides support.

Stamen

A flower part; a ring of pollen-producing appendages of a flower

Sepal

A flower part; the outermost ring of leaflike appendages of a flower

Tissue

A group of similar cells, or unlike cells with a specialized common function

Carpel

A leaflike part of the flower where seeds are produced

complex tissue

A mass of cells with more than one cell type makes up a __________________.

selectively transfer

A plant cell can __________________ substances between its internal and external environment.

Sclerenchyma

A plant cell of a long fiber type or variable sclereid type

True

A plant chloroplast is a plastid.

tissue culture

A propagation method known as ______________ has shown that one individual cell has the potential to develop into a whole plant.

Membrane

A protein and fat structure serving as a covering and enclosure for a cell

cells are very different, yet have similar properties

A remarkable fact about cells is:

Nucleolus

A smaller, darker body found in the nucleus

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A system of membranes that appears to be a factory for life processes and a cell communication system for chemical messages.

product of decomposition of food molecules a form of chemical energy chemical associated with mitochondria

ATP is a:

30(10 12 ) which also is 30 billion

About how many cells does the human body contain?

atoms

All of the following are part of a plants organizational structure except:

Cytoplasm

All the organic substances located between the nucleus and cell membrane

simple cell

Although the following term is actually obsolete and somewhat misleading, the cell may still be referred to as a _________________.

True

An entirely new plant can sometimes be generated from a few cells.

leaves

Cactus spines are modified ______________.

Chromosome

Carries the genes or inheritance units of a cell

synthesize and decompose organic substances

Cells are analogous to a chemical factory. They utilize energy to _____.

DNA

Chemical messages originate from:

inflorescence

Clusters of flowers are called:

Leucoplasts

Colorless

Golgi bodies

Flattened membrane sacs and tubes that are believed to be centers for collecting and packaging cell structures and enzymes.

Chloroplasts

Green

Chloroplast

Green, football-shaped plastids that carry out the life-support system of photosynthesis.

Ribosome

Important in protein synthesis

genes

Inherited physical traits are directly related to:

Chromosomes

Major segments of DNA during cell division.

photosynthesis

No lifeform, whether human or animal, could exist on the earth without the process of ________________ , which is mostly associated with plants.

Collenchyma

Oblong cells with unevenly thickened walls for support in young stems

Chromoplasts

Orange

False

Photosynthesis takes place solely in the leaves of green plants.

vacuoles a plasma membrane a nucleus cytoplasm

Plant cells and animal cells both have _____. (Select all that apply.)

True

Plant cells convert solar energy into chemical energy.

amino acids

Ribosomes assemble proteins from _____.

physicist

Robert Hooke was an English _____________ who was the first man to describe plant cells.

Mitochondria

Rod-shaped structures scattered throughout the cytoplasm that are involved with energy release.

Cell

The basic building block of all forms of life

produced by chloroplasts

The basic food produced by a plant is:

Energy

The capacity to do or perform work

Nucleus

The cell headquarters and inheritance; controls and orders the activities of the cell.

Mitochondria

The cell powerhouse

DNA

The chemical structure of genes which control inheritance

False

The construction of the cell walls of all plants is similar.

Phloem

The food-conducting tissue of a plant's vascular or transport system

cellulose

The material which provides rigidity to cell walls is called _______________.

fruit

The matured ovary of a plant is a:

Parenchyma

The most common plant cell, found in practically all parts of the plant body

is constant

The number of chromosomes within each species of plant or animal:

Protoplasm

The organic substance making up the cells of all living things

Epidermis

The outermost layer of plant cells or tissue

morphology

The outward shape and appearance of a plant represents its:

False

The protoplasm and cytoplasm of a plant are interchangeable terms.

Nucleus

The protoplasmic substance separate from the cytoplasm

Protoplast

The protoplasmic unit of a cell

everything inside the cell wall, but not including the cell wall

The protoplast consists of:

Cell wall

The rigid wall of plant cells that surrounds the cell membrane

Petal

The ring of leaflike appendages occurring inside the sepals

adventitious

The root system which helps stabilize soil from erosion is the __________________ root system.

True

The roots of a plant absorb nutrients from the soil.

Inflorescence

The specific pattern of flower arrangement of a plant

Chloroplast

The tiny body that contains chlorophyll

the large internal surface area

The total energy production of a mitochondrion is enhanced by:

ribonucleic acid

The transfer of information from the nucleus to organelles is accomplished by:

fibrous taproot

The two basic types of root systems are _____.

to collect and package cell building materials and enzymes secrete and store high-energy compounds

The two main functions of the Golgi body are _____. Select all that may apply.

Xylem

The water and mineral conducting tissue of a plant's vascular system

gas exchange

Two main functions of leaves are photosynthesis and _____.

the anchoring of the plant

Two main functions of roots are the conduction of water and minerals and ___________________________.

the conduction of food, water, and minerals

Two main functions of stems are the support of the plant body and _____.

True

Vacuoles are reservoirs in plant cells that help maintain water balance.

fruit

What do the terms, "Samara" "Capsules" "Pod" "Achene" have in common?

ecological

What type of general classification is a xerophyte?

approximately 350 years ago

When was the "cell" first identified and named?

cell wall

Which feature distinguishes a plant cell from an animal cell?

because it consists of numerous interdependent subunits because coded information cannot arise from random processes

Why is a cell analogous to an engineered watch?