quiz 2

According to the textbook, the harmful effects of low parental monitoring are especially bad in neighborhoods that:

are low in collective efficacy

Jesse has just married a woman who has two adolescent daughters. These children will adjust best if Jesse establishes all of the following types of discipline, except:

controlling

Which of the following is not associated with adolescents who work?

greater enjoyment of school

The three dominant theories concerning the media's impact on adolescent development today include all but which of the following?

the routine activity theory

Debbie is moving from elementary school into middle school. We would expect her to experience declines in all of the following, except her:

standardized test scores

All of the following are examples of universalistic norms in American society, except:

taking piano lessons

Andrea, a 15-year-old, is most likely to learn social skills in a ________ and develop her sense of identity in a ________.

clique; crowd

Which of the following statements about family conflict is true?

. Among those teenagers and parents who report having problems, the great majority had problematic relationships during childhood.

Which of the following is not a way that adolescents' behavior is affected by their crowd membership?

All of these statements are ways that adolescents' behavior is affected by their crowd membership.

What are the six capitals identified in Tara Yosso's community cultural wealth theory. Give an example of how students may display each capital.

Aspirational: student always dreams of attending college. Linguistic: student speaks Spanish fluently and always translates for her parents. Familial: student listens to the advice of his uncle who graduated from college. Social: students has a lot of support from their church youth group. Navigational: student knows how to use the public transportation system. Resistance: student takes support from her community and the concept of Black girl magic.

The proportion of American high school students holding part-time jobs has decreased over the past two decades. Which of the following is not an explanation for this?

Fewer and fewer individuals sought college admission.

Based on the definitions outlined in the Five Cs of positive youth development, what does competence mean?

a positive view of one's actions in domain-specified areas

Not only are schools the chief educational arena for adolescents, but they also play an extremely important role in:

a. defining the young person's social world and social network b. the development of motivations, aspirations, and expectations d. shaping psychosocial development

Beth attends a multiethnic school. Compared to schools that are less well balanced, Beth is most likely to feel:

a. less lonely b. safer c. less harassed

achievement is lower when

a. students experience transitions b. schools are overcrowded c. teachers have low expectations for their students abilities

A small, tightly knit group of between two and twelve friends usually of the same age and sex is called

clique

Sarah was placed in an advanced track at school. Which of the following is Sarah not likely to experience?

classroom activities that emphasize rote memorization

By middle to late adolescence, cliques are often segregated by race. All of the following are possible explanations for this phenomenon, except:

differential abilities in athletics

Kent has been involved in minor delinquent behavior. In order to curb this type of behavior, Kent's parents should:

enroll Kent in a school-sponsored extracurricular activity

By the 1960s, after Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, schools were called on to:

implement desegregation programs

Research suggests that creating "schools within schools" in larger high schools is associated with all except which of the following?

improving students' mental and physical health outcomes

The identity crisis of adolescence may interact with the ________ in increasing family conflict.

midlife crisis of adults

Felicia is very warm and accepting to both of her two children, but she also sets firm rules that the children must follow with very few exceptions. According to Baumrind, the characteristics that best describe her are:

responsive and demanding

According to an example provided in the textbook, a crowd member that has less social capital who is a really nice, thoughtful, and funny person may be high in _____ popularity but low in _____ popularity.

sociometric; perceived

Compared with their counterparts from previous decades, today's American adolescents:

spend more days per year in school

According to the textbook, compared to young people who are supervised after school by adults, Stephanie, a self-care adolescent, will likely experience all of the following except:

use less drugs and alcohol

Which of the following statements about classroom environment is true?

Moderate, rather than strict, control in the classroom promotes positive student behavior.

Which of the following research findings best describes the phenomenon known as generational dissonance?

Recent studies of Mexican-American families have found that stress and conflict are higher in Latino families in which adolescents are relatively more acculturated than parents.

Which of the following statements about extracurricular participation is true?

Students who are highly involved in extracurricular activities at the beginning of high school are likely to stay highly involved throughout high school.

_____ are settings for intimate interactions and friendships, whereas _____ are based on reputation, rather than on actual social interaction.

cliques; crowds

According to research, _________ can be an effective way for enhancing the development of adolescents' reasoning abilities, moral judgment, and empathy.

family discussions in which decisions, rules, and expectations are explained

The tensions that are often assumed to be inherent in the relations between adolescents and adults are referred to as the:

generation gap

Max tells his friends that his mother is a "real marshmallow" who does whatever he wants and who never enforces the rules she tries to set. If Max's statement is true, his mother is best characterized as:

indulgent

According to research by Wayne Osgood and colleagues, the combination of several factors encourages delinquency and other problem behaviors among adolescents. This view is called the routine activity theory, and all but which of the following are thought to be major contributing factors to this combination?

lower-than-average intelligence

In comparison with teenagers in previous times, teenagers in contemporary societies spend ________ time with their peers ________ with their parents.

more; than

Jim and Stacey are the parents of two preteen girls. Throughout the girls' childhood, the family has enjoyed fairly harmonious relationships. The likelihood that they will experience serious problems as the girls go through adolescence is:

not likely

Today's teenagers spend the most hours:

on leisure activities

Eleanor Maccoby states all of the following reasons that adolescents separate themselves into same-sex cliques, except:

parents' fears that cross-sex cliques will lead to early sexual activity

Peers usually have more influence than parents on matters of:

patterns of leisure activity

One potential explanation for the finding that gifted students who are integrated into regular classrooms have more positive academic self-conceptions than those in special classes is:

the big-fish-little-pond effect

According to some commentators, teenagers have become separate from adult society to such an extent that they have established their own society, which undermines parents' authority and emphasizes peer deviance. This society is called:

the youth culture