Quiz 2
Which one of the following electron configurations is appropriate for a ground state atom?
1s22s1
What is the ground state electronic configuration of the sodium ion, Na+?
1s22s22p6
What is the ground state electron configuration of sulfur, whose atomic number is 16?
1s22s22p63s23p4
The ground state electron configuration of a sulfur atom is shown below. What is the ground state electron configuration of the ion S2−?
1s22s22p63s23p6
Given that helium has an isotope , how many electrons does an atom of this helium isotope contain?
2
The total mass of the protons in any neutral atom is about _______ times the total mass of electrons in the atom.
2000
Which of the following correctly gives the electron capacity of a principal energy level in terms of the number n?
2n2
Which sublevel has the lowest energy?
2s
How many sublevels are there in the third principal energy level?
3
How many neutrons are present in an atom of the isotope ?
4
How many orbitals are there in the second principal energy level?
4
For the imaginary element abdicinium (Ab), two isotopes exist. Isotope one has a mass of 40.005 amu with a relative abundance of 14.00%. Isotope two has a mass of 41.008 amu with a relative abundance of 86.00%. What is the atomic mass of the element?
40.87 amu
How many valence electrons are present in a chloride ion,
8
Americium-241 is an isotope used in smoke detectors. What is the composition of a neutral atom of Americium-241?
95 protons, 146 neutrons, 95 electrons
Rutherford's experiment, in which alpha particles were aimed at a thin piece of gold, led to what understanding?
An atom is mostly empty space.
Which statement correctly describes the basis for the octet rule?
Atoms are most stable with eight electrons in their outermost shell and the electron configuration of a noble gas.
What is Rutherford's important contribution to our knowledge of atomic structure?
Atoms contain a small, dense, positively charged nucleus, surrounded largely by empty space.
Why do atoms gain and lose electrons to have eight electrons in the valence shell?
Atoms/ions are stable when the s and p sublevels of the valence shell are full.
Which ion is NOT isoelectronic (i.e. has the same electron configuration) with Ar? The electron configuration of Ar is shown.
Br−
Which of the following elements is most likely to form a 2+ ion?
Ca
The element carbon forms the basis of study in Organic Chemistry. Which statement about the element carbon is FALSE?
Carbon atoms have six valence electrons.
What was J. J. Thomson's important discovery about cathode rays in 1897?
Cathode rays consisted of a stream of electrons.
Which one of the following elements has the highest electron affinity?
Cl
Which of the following ions does not follow the octet rule?
Cl2-
Who stated that the elements, when arranged according to their atomic masses, showed a distinct periodicity of their properties?
Dmitri Mendeleev
The Aufbau Principle specifies which of the following?
Electrons will occupy the lowest energy orbitals that are available.
Which statement about the modern periodic table is FALSE?
Elements in the same period share similar chemical and physical properties.
Which of the following elements is a metalloid?
Ge
Where are the halogens located on the periodic table?
Group VIIA (17)
What are the columns of elements on the periodic table called?
Groups
Which of the following elements has the highest ionization energy?
He
Which of the following is a metal in the third period?
Mg
In nature, the element neon exists as three different isotopes: Ne-20, Ne-21, and Ne-22. Which isotope would be the most abundant in a sample of neon?
Ne-20
Which of the following is a representative nonmetal?
P
What is a horizontal row of elements on the periodic table called?
Period
Which of the following atoms has the biggest size (radius)?
Rb
Who discovered the existence of the atomic nucleus?
Rutherford
What ion carries two negative charges and is isoelectronic with K+?
S2-
Which of the following atoms and ions will have the largest radius?
S2-
Which of the following gives the correct charge of the ion according to the octet rule?
S2-
Which of the following statements relating to Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom is FALSE?
The Bohr model consists of energy levels that are evenly spaced, like the rungs of a ladder.
What requirement must be met in order for two electrons to coexist in the same orbital?
The electrons must have opposite spins.
Which describes the basic concept of Bohr's theory of the atom?
The energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; it has only certain allowable values.
Hydrogen can form two different ions: a hydrogen ion (H+), and a hydride ion (H−). Which statement concerning these ions is FALSE?
The hydrogen ion and the hydride ion are isotopes.
Which statement concerning atoms is FALSE?
The mass number of an atom is the sum of the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons it contains.
Which statement is TRUE concerning Bohr's model of an atom?
The model led to the understanding that the energy of an electron is quantized.
What is FALSE about the three orbitals in the 2p sublevel?
The orbitals have similar, but different energies.
What is always true for a neutral atom
There is an equal number of protons and electrons.
Which statement concerning the elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine is FALSE?
They all have the same electron configuration.
What can be said about the possibility of the existence of the hydrogen isotope represented by the symbol shown below?
This isotope of hydrogen is not possible because atoms of hydrogen have one proton.
Which of the following correctly matches the ion with the total number of electrons in the ion?
Zn2+, 28 electrons
What is the ground state (shorthand) electron configuration of Se?
[Ar]4s2 3d10 4p4
In modern atomic theory, Bohr's orbits are replaced by atomic orbitals. What is an atomic orbital?
a region of space within an atom where there is a high probability of finding an electron
What is the general name given to the elements of Group IA (1)?
alkali metals
In Mendeleev's table of the elements, the elements were arranged according to
atomic mass
In a neutral atom, what number equals the number of electrons?
atomic number
The modern periodic law states that the physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of what property?
atomic number
The modern periodic table is arranged according to what property?
atomic number
Which element is a halogen in period 4?
bromine
Microwaves, light, and X-rays are all forms of
electromagnetic radiation.
What are the three primary particles found in an atom?
electron, neutron, and proton
What kind(s) of particles can be found outside the nucleus of an atom?
electrons
Which isotope of hydrogen has two neutrons?
hydrogen-3
What is the energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom?
ionization energy
What term is used to describe atoms of the same element that have different masses?
isotopes
Which of the following accounts for the fact that chlorine has an atomic mass of 35.45 amu rather than a whole number?
isotopes
The ion K+ is formed by which process?
loss of an electron by K
What term is used for the elements straddling the "staircase" boundary between the metals and nonmetals?
metalloids
What does the mass number minus the atomic number represent?
number of neutrons
What are the elements in the A-groups often called?
representative elements
What is the lowest energy sublevel of a principal level?
s
What Group IA (1) ion has the electronic arrangement shown 1s22s22p6
sodium ion
Electron affinity is
the energy released when an isolated atom gains an electron.
The identity of an atom is determined by which of the following?
the number of protons it contains
Which period contains the element sodium?
three
What property of light is defined by the distance between identical points on adjacent waves?
wavelength