Quiz 21

Which statements are myths that have been disproved concerning aging? (Select all that apply.)

All older adults are senile. Older adults are poor. Older adults are disabled.

Inflammation of one or more joints, causing pain and stiffness that can worsen with age.

Arthritis

An inflammation of the eyelid that affects the eyelashes or tear production.

Blepharitis

What is the best test to identify the risk of osteoporosis?

Bone Density Scan

Clouding of the normally clear and transparent lens of the eye and most common disorder found in the aging eye?

Cataracts

Common bacterial skin infection that causes redness, swelling, and pain in the infected area of the skin?

Cellulitis

Which areas are affected only minimally by age?

Cognition

What is the result of a slowing of the impulse transmission in the nervous system?

Longer reaction time

Because thin skin and lack of subcutaneous fat predisposes the older adult to pressure injuries, the nurse alters the care plan to include turning the bedfast patient how often?

Every 2 hours

Older patients have difficulty hearing. What is nursing intervention?

Face the individual and speak at a normal or slightly slower pace without exaggerating or shouting, lower tone of voice and eliminate background noise.

For what is the older adult patient at increased risk because of age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system?

Falls related to posture changes

At mealtime, the older adult seems to be eating less food than would be adequate. Compared to the younger adult, what is a requirement for the older adult?

Fewer calories

A change of aging related to the circulatory system includes decreased blood vessel elasticity. For what should the nurse assess?

Hypertension

When assessing the older adult, the nurse considers which aspect of the patient's routine as a possible contributor to constipation?

Intake of antacids several times a day

The nurse recognizes that an older adult patient with COPD has a higher incidence of developing which age-related skeletal change that will alter the ability to exchange air effectively?

Kyphosis

Age spots tan or brown macules brought on by sun exposure and are more common in middle aged and older people.

Lentigo

The older patient informs the nurse that food has no taste and therefore the patient has no appetite. What is this most likely caused by?

Loss/decrease of taste buds

When communicating with an older adult patient who has difficulty hearing, how should the nurse change her speech?

Lower the tone of the voice

When an older female patient complains of painful sexual intercourse, what should the nurse recognize as the probable cause?

Mucosal Drying

Constipation is problematic for the older adult patient. What is the most appropriate dietary intervention the nurse will institute to maintain a normal bowel pattern?

Offering two servings of whole-grain bread and two bran muffins per day

The nurse is assisting an older adult patient out of bed when suddenly the patient begins to fall. What is the likely cause of the fall?

Orthostatic hypotension

Degenerative joint disease, is a noninflammatory disorder in which the cartilage in the joints deteriorates and new bone forms on the surface.

Osteoarthritis

inflammation of bone or bone marrow, usually due to infection

Osteomyelitis

Presence of abnormal sensation, numbness, and burning sensations in the extremities

Peripheral Neuropathy

The nurse reminds the 80-year-old patient that her respiratory system has decreased resistance to respiratory infections. For what is this patient at increased risk?

Pneumonia

What occurs when the lens of the eye loses its elasticity and ability to change focus, diminishing close-range vision?

Presbyopia

Ability to maintain upright position without falling, depends on the ability to use balance, posture, and movement.

Proprioception

The nurse recommends a breathing technique to help a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to empty the lungs of used air and to promote inhalation of adequate oxygen. What is this method of breathing called?

Pursed-lip breathing

A systemic inflammatory disease thought to be of immune factor origin, has the potential to affect people of any age.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

What is the major difference between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis is inflammatory.

What should the nurse do to help the dysphagic patient? (Select all that apply.)

Sit the patient upright. Reduce distraction during mealtimes. Thicken liquids. Cue the patient to swallow.

What position are you going to recommend to patients to aid in swallowing (dysphagia)?

Upright position, leaning slightly forward with CHIN DOWN

To help prevent falls related to muscle weakness, what type of exercises should be selected for the aging patient?

Weight-bearing

When should family members of a stroke victim expect to see some of the neurological involvement disappear?

Within 3 to 6 months

Decreased number of papillae on tongue can also decrease?

ability to taste

The older adult patient complains to the nurse about nocturia. This problem is most likely related to:

decrease in bladder capacity