Quiz 4

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

________ describes a proportion of difference among people that is attributed to genetics.

Heritability

Which principle underlies cognitive therapy?

How you think determines how you feel.

What was the primary finding of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart?

Identical twins, whether raised together or apart, have very similar personalities.

Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client.

free association

People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.

obsessive-compulsive

At the most basic level, schizophrenia is best conceptualized as a(n) ________ disorder.

psychotic

According to Carl Rogers, a healthy personality would result from congruence between one's ______ self and their ________ self.

real; ideal

Individuals with ADHD have been shown to exhibit abnormalities in which brain region?

the frontal lobe

How is behavior therapy different than psychoanalysis?

In behavior therapy, a therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors, while psychoanalysis involves digging deeply into one's unconscious.

What is the main idea of the behavioral perspective on personality?

Personality is significantly shaped by the reinforcements and consequences outside of the organism.

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders?

becoming split off, or separated, from one's core sense of self

The approach to psychology suggesting that psychological disorders may be best explained by looking at genetic factors, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities is the ________ perspective.

biological

What is comorbidity?

co-occurrence of at least two disorders