Quiz 6

What are the products of glycolysis?

2 pyruvate 2 (net) ATP 2 NADH

Pyruvate, a three-carbon molecule, is processed into acetyl CoA, a two-carbon molecule. What happened to the missing carbon?

It is lost as carbon dioxide (CO2)

Where does the stage of cellular respiration occur? - Glycolysis

cytoplasm

Human muscle cells deprived of oxygen will convert pyruvate to ______ and in this process gain ______.

lactate; NAD+

During aerobic cellular respiration the final acceptor of electrons is __________.

oxygen

The macromolecules in the foods we eat are broken down into monomers or smaller units. What happens to these smaller units?

-They can be used to generate energy in cellular respiration. -They can be used as building blocks for new macromolecules.

Which of the following reactions is the correct description of the beginning of the Citric Acid (Kreb's) Cycle?

Acetyl CoA + oxaloacetate -> citrate

Which of the listed statements describes the results of the following reaction? C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy

C6H12O6 is oxidized and O2 is reduced.

Where does Glycolosis take place in eukaryotic cells?

Cytoplasm (Cytosol)

Why are fermentation pathways useful for organisms whose cells usually depend on aerobic cellular respiration?

Fermentation recycles NAD+ and keep glycolysis going to produce small amounts of ATP

Which stage of cellular respiration normally occurs whether oxygen is present or not?

Glycolysis

Why is glycolysis described as having an investment phase and a payoff phase?

It uses stored ATP and then forms a net increase in ATP.

Which of the following statements about NAD+ is true? NAD+ can donate electrons for use in oxidative phosphorylation. NAD+ is oxidized by the action of hydrogenases. NAD+ has more chemical energy than NADH. NAD+ is reduced to NADH during glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle. In the absence of NAD+, glycolysis can still function.

NAD+ is reduced to NADH during glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle.

Which of the following correctly pairs the process with its inputs and outputs? Pyruvate processing-Inputs: pyruvate, NAD+; Outputs: acetyl CoA, NADH, CO2 Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation-Inputs: NADH, FADH2, O2, ADP, Pi; Outputs: NAD+, FAD, H2O Glycolysis-Inputs: glucose, NADH, ADP, Pi; Outputs: pyruvate, NAD+, ATP Citric acid cycle-Inputs: pyruvate, NAD+, FAD, ADP , Pi; Outputs: CO2, NADH, FADH2, ATP

Pyruvate processing-Inputs: pyruvate, NAD+; Outputs: acetyl CoA, NADH, CO2

When electrons flow along the electron transport chains of mitochondria, which of the following changes occurs? The cytochromes phosphorylate ADP to form ATP. ATP synthase pumps protons by active transport. NAD+ is oxidized. The electrons gain free energy. The pH of the matrix increases.

The pH of the matrix increases.

Chemiosmotic generation of ATP is driven by __________.

a difference in H+ concentration on the two sides of a membrane

Even though plant cells photosynthesize, they still use their mitochondria for oxidation of pyruvate. This will occur in ________.

all cells all the time

list the correct sequence concerning glucose catabolism (cellular respiration).

glycolysis → Pyruvate → Acetyl CoA → Kreb's Cycle → Electron Transport Chain

Where does the stage of cellular respiration occur? - Electron transport chain and chemiosmosis

inner membrane of the mitoxhondria

Food that we humans eat contains which organic molecules?

lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates

Where are the proteins of the electron transport chain located?

mitochondrial inner membrane

Where does the stage of cellular respiration occur? - Citric acid cycle

mitochondrial matrix

Where does the stage of cellular respiration occur? -Pyruvate processing (where it ends)

mitochondrial matrix

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released during which of the following stages of cellular respiration? glycolysis and the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA fermentation and glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation and fermentation the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the citric acid cycle

oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the citric acid cycle

T/F?Glycolysis can occur without oxygen.

true