quiz ch17

What is the best method for the highest resolution mapping of chromosomes?

radiation hybrid mapping

In the human genome, ______ of the genome encodes amino acid sequences.

1%

The Human Genome Project officially began in what year?

1990

When was the first draft of the human genome nucleotide sequence determined?

2001

The private company formed to sequence the human genome was:

Celera Genomics

In mammals, __________ can be used to position clones on chromosomes stained by any of several chromosome banding protocols.

FISH (=fluorescent in situ hybridization)

what is the common haplotype? Individual 1: G-G-C-T Individual 2: A-A-C-T individual 3: G-A-T-T individual 4: G-A-C-C

G-A-C-T the common halotype is the SNPs that are shared by the majority if individuals.

The first directior of the Human Genome organization was:

James Watson

What is meant by the term synteny?

Linkage between gene order on the same chromosome.

_____________ allow researchers to study the transcription of thousands of genes simultaneously.

Microarrays

____________, such as restriction maps, are based on molecular distances separating sites on a DNA molecule.

Physical maps

How are cDNAs synthesized for genechip analysis?

RT-PCR from RNA

SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism)

a single base-pair site in DNA where variation is found in at least 1% of the population

Cytological maps are based on what?

banding patterns of chromosomes

The goal of the Human HapMap project is to:

characterize the similarities and differences in human genomes

__________ can be used to positionally clone a gene when distances from molecular markers to the gene of interest is very large.

chromosome jumping

_________ is the comparison of nucleotide sequences of the genomes of organisms.

comparative genomics

___________ are polymorphic tandem repeats of sequences only two to five nucleotide pairs long.

microsattelites

____________ can be used to isolate and identify any gene, given an adequate map of the region of the chromosome in which it is located.

positional cloning

Sequencing of the Neanderthal genome has shown that

present day humans of European and Asian origin inherited 1-4 percent of their genes from Neanderthals.

__________ are produced when mutations create new restriction sites, resulting in variations in the lengths of the DNA fragments.

restriction fragment-length polymorphisms