quiz two

The _______ is the part of the nervous system that is involved with sensory and motor neurons.

central nervous system

A __________ takes several X-rays to reveal deformities in shape and structure that are connected with blood clots, tumors, and other health problems.

computerized axial tomography scan

The electroencephalograph is a method of:

detecting brain waves by means of measuring the current between electrodes placed on the scalp.

Nicotine, alcohol, and many other drugs are pleasurable because they heighten levels of _______.

dopamine

The ________ is the body's system of ductless glands that secrete hormones and release them directly into the bloodstream.

endocrine system

The __________ is an oblong area of the hindbrain involved in regulation of heartbeat, blood pressure, movement, and respiration.

medulla

Each kind of neurotransmitter has a unique chemical structure, and each can fit into a specifically tailored harbor, or __________, on the cell receiving a message.

receptor site

Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved in emotional arousal and sleep?

serotonin

Norepinephrine is manufactured exclusively by the adrenal glands.

False

Chloe has been having a lot of difficulty paying attention at work and sleeping at night. Which of the following structures might be the cause of these issues?

Reticular formation

Which of the following statements is true of hormones?

They are secreted directly into the bloodstream.

Monozygotic twins are important in the study of the relative influences of nature and nurture because differences between monozygotic twins are the result of nurture.

True

A neuron has a(n) _______ that extends like a trunk from the cell body.

axon

The fluid-filled gap between two neurons through which neurotransmitters carry neural impulses is known as the ________.

synaptic cleft

When a neural impulse reaches the axon terminal of a neuron, the vesicles release varying amounts of neurotransmitters into the __________.

synaptic cleft

__________ is produced largely by neurons in the brain stem and acts both as a neurotransmitter and as a hormone.

Norepinephrine

Among lower animals, stimulation of various areas of the __________ can trigger instinctual behaviors such as fighting, mating, or nest building.

hypothalamus

__________ is best defined as a sudden variation in an inheritable characteristic, as distinguished from a variation that results from generations of gradual selection.

mutation

Direct artificial stimulation of the parietal lobe produces a sense of being touched somewhere on your body.

true

Monozygotic twins share _______ of their genes.

100 percent

Phoebe recently suffered a major fall in which she sustained brain injuries. Since then, she has had immense difficulty in communicating with others. She appears to understand what others tell her, but her responses are slow and laborious. Her sentences are always incomplete, with important grammatical words missing. Which of the following conditions best reflects Phoebe's case?

Broca's aphasia

Claire, who is 11 months old, is just starting to crawl and walk. Which of the following is heavily involved in this newfound ability?

Myelination

Angelica is pregnant and has just gone into labor. Her body is most likely flooded with ________.

oxytocin