RAD-105 • Chapter 4 Quiz

What is the central ray angulation used for the PA axial, ulnar-deviated wrist projection: a scaphoid wrist fracture is suspected, & the patient is able to ulnar-deviate until the first metacarpal & radius are aligned?

15º

What is the central ray angulation used for the PA axial, ulnar-deviated wrist projection: a proximal scaphoid fracture is suspected, & the patient is unable to ulnar-deviate the wrist?

5º-10º

A PA wrist projection obtained in slight external rotation demonstrates: I. superimposition of the laterally located carpal bones II. a closed radioulnar articulation III. open lateral carpal joint spaces IV. the radial styloid in profile a. II & III only b. II, III, & IV only c. I, II, & IV only d. I & IV only

a. II & III only

An internally rotated AP oblique elbow projection with accurate positioning demonstrates which of the following structures in profile? I. capitulum II. radial head III. medial trochlea IV. coronoid process a. III & IV only b. I & II only c. II & III only d. I & IV only

a. III & IV only

A right lateral fourth finger projection obtained with the hand internally rotated to 20º demonstrates: I. equal soft tissue width on both sides of the phalanges II. more phalangeal midshaft concavity on the side facing the fifth finger III. convexity on one side of the phalanges & concavity on the opposite side IV. greater phalangeal midshaft concavity on the side facing the third finger a. IV only b. II, III, & IV only c. I & IV only d. II & III only

a. IV only

A poorly positioned PA oblique wrist projection demonstrates superimposition of the trapezoid & trapezium, & the capitate is superimposed by the trapezoid. How should the positioning setup be adjusted to obtain an optimal projection? a. decrease the degree of medial wrist rotation b. increase the degree of medial wrist rotation c. increase hand extension d. align the third metacarpal & midforearm, decreasing radial flexion

a. decrease the degree of medial wrist rotation

To take advantage of the anode heel effect when imaging a forearm: a. the wrist is positioned at the anode end of the x-ray tube b. a detailed screen is used c. a 55-65 kVp technique is used d. the elbow is positioned at the anode end of the x-ray tube

a. the wrist is positioned at the anode end of the x-ray tube

To properly position an AP humerus, place the elbow at the __________ end of the tube, __________ the hand & wrist, & align the humeral condyles __________ with the IR.

anode; supinate; parallel

A PA wrist projection obtained in radial deviation demonstrates: I. the lunate positioned distal to the ulna II. a foreshortened scaphoid III. closed CM joints IV. an elongated scaphoid a. I, II, & IV only b. I & II only c. III & IV only d. I, II, & III only

b. I & II only

A lateral elbow projection obtained with the distal forearm positioned too low & the proximal humerus positioned too high demonstrates the: I. radial head distal & posterior to the coronoid process II. radial head proximal & anterior to the coronoid process III. capitulum posterior & proximal to the medial trochlea IV. capitulum anterior & distal to the medial trochlea a. I & III only b. I & IV only c. II & IV only d. II & III only

b. I & IV only

When the patient ulnar-deviates for a PA axial, ulnar-deviated wrist projection, the: I. first metacarpal & radius are aligned II. distal scaphoid shifts anteriorly III. lunate is demonstrated distal to the radius IV. distal scaphoid shifts posteriorly a. III & IV only b. I, III, & IV only c. I, II, & III only d. I & II only

b. I, III, & IV only

A lateral elbow projection obtained with the wrist & hand pronated demonstrates: I. the radial head anterior to the coronoid II. the radial tuberosity in profile anteriorly III. an open elbow joint IV. the radial tuberosity in profile posteriorly a. I & III only b. III & IV only c. II only d. IV only

b. III & IV only

An AP forearm projection obtained with the wrist & elbow in lateral rotation demonstrates: I. superimposed first & second metacarpal bases II. the proximal radius superimposed over the ulna by more than 0.25 in. (0.6 cm.) III. superimposed fourth & fifth metacarpal bases IV. the proximal radius & ulna without superimposition a. I & II only b. III & IV only c. I & IV only d. II & III only

b. III & IV only

A tangential, inferosuperior carpal canal wrist projection with accurate positioning demonstrates: a. the fifth metacarpal b. the carpal canal c. superimposition of the pisiform & hamulus of the hamate d. the carpal bones with maximum elongation

b. the carpal canal

A less than optimal AP elbow projection demonstrating the ulna without radial head superimposition: a. was obtained with the elbow in internal rotation b. was obtained with the elbow in external rotation c. was obtained with the hand pronated d. will also demonstrate the radial head articulating surface

b. was obtained with the elbow in external rotation

A less than optimal lateral hand projection demonstrating the longest of the second through fifth metacarpal midshafts situated anterior to the others: a. may result if the central ray was centered too anteriorly b. was obtained with the hand internally rotated c. will also demonstrate the distal scaphoid posterior to the pisiform d. will also demonstrate closed IP joints

b. was obtained with the hand internally rotated

A less than optimal lateral wrist projection demonstrating the distal scaphoid anterior to the pisiform: a. will also demonstrate the distal scaphoid proximal to the pisiform b. was obtained with the wrist internally rotated c. will also demonstrate the ulna anterior to the radius d. was obtained with the wrist in ulnar flexion

b. was obtained with the wrist internally rotated

A lateral wrist projection obtained with the wrist in slight internal rotation demonstrates the: I. distal scaphoid anterior to the pisiform II. radius posterior to the ulna III. distal scaphoid distal to the pisiform IV. radius anterior to the ulna a. III & IV only b. I & II only c. I & IV only d. II & III only

c. I & IV only

An AP elbow projection with accurate positioning demonstrates: I. the medial & lateral humeral epicondyles in profile II. the radial tuberosity in profile medially III. an open capitulum-radial joint IV. the ulna free of radial head & radial tuberosity superimposition a. II & IV only b. I, II, III, & IV c. I, II, & III only d. I & III only

c. I, II, & III only

A properly positioned tangential projection of the wrist will demonstrate which of the following? I. flexor retinaculum anteriorly & the capitate posteriorly II. scaphoid & trapezium laterally III. scaphoid & trapezoid medially IV. pisiform & hamate medially V. flexor retinaculum posteriorly & the capitate anteriorly VI. pisiform & hamate laterally a. I, III, & IV only b. III, IV, & V only c. I, II, & IV only d. III, V, & VI only

c. I, II, & IV only

How is a patient positioned for a PA wrist projection to superimpose the anterior & posterior margins of the distal radius & obtain open radioscaphoid & radiolunate joint spaces? a. align the third metacarpal with the forearm b. flex the hand until the metacarpals are at a 10º-15º angle with the IR c. depress the proximal forearm d. ulnar flex the wrist

c. depress the proximal forearm

A less than optimal PA finger projection demonstrates unequal soft tissue width & midshaft concavity on each side of the phalanges. The side of the phalanges with the greatest midshaft concavity is facing the shortest finger metacarpal. All of the following are true about this projection except that the: a. projection will demonstrate less phalangeal concavity on the lateral surface b. projection will demonstrate open IP & MP joints as long as the digit remains parallel with the IR c. projection will demonstrate more soft tissue width on the lateral surface d. finger was internally rotated

c. projection will demonstrate more soft tissue width on the lateral surface

For a carpal canal wrist image, the: I. wrist is hyperextended until the long axes of the metacarpals are vertical II. hand is rotated 10º internally until the fifth metacarpal is perpendicular to the IR III. central ray is angled 25º-30º proximally IV. central ray is centered to the palm of the hand a. I, II, & III only b. I & IV only c. II & III only d. I, II, III, & IV

d. I, II, III, & IV

An optimal internally rotated AP oblique elbow projection will demonstrate all of the following except the: a. trochlea-coronoid process articulation as an open space b. radial head & neck superimposing the ulna c. trochlear notch & medial trochlea in profile d. radioulnar articulation as an open space

d. radioulnar articulation as an open space

What is the degree of central ray angulation that should be used for an ulnar-deviated PA axial (scaphoid) wrist projection being obtained to demonstrate a proximal scaphoid fracture?

use a 10º angle if the first metacarpal & ulna are aligned