Radiation Protection Ch. 1 Quiz

The term as low as reasonable achievable (ALARA) is synonymous with the term:

Optimization for radiation protection (ORP)

In a hospital setting, which of the following professionals is expressly charged by the hospital administration to be directly responsible for the execution, enforcement, and maintenance of the ALARA program?

Radiation Safety Officer

A form of radiation that is capable of creating electrically charged particles by removing orbital electrons from the atom of normal matter through which it passes?

ionizing radiation

In a team approach to patient care, various participants 1. assume responsibility for their areas of expertise. 2. emphasize the importance of communication throughout the team 3. rotate as the person in charge of the team

1 and 2 only

Why is a question about the amount of radiation a patient will receive during a specific x-ray procedure difficult to answer? 1. Because the received dose is measured in a number of different units 2. Because scientific units for radiation dose are normally not comprehensible by the patient 3. Because the patient should not receive any information about radiation dose

1 and 2 only

Effective protective measures take into consideration: 1. both human and environmental physical determinants. 2. technical elements. 3. procedural factors.

1, 2, 3

Some consequences of ionization in human cells include: 1. creation of unstable atoms. 2. production of free electrons. 3. creation of reactive free radicals capable of producing substances poisonous to the cell.

1, 2, 3

Some ways of providing education for imaging department staff are: 1. providing in-service education on various radiation safety topics to accommodate individual needs of staff members. 2. handing out a facts-to-remember sheet at the end of an in-service program. 3. e-mailing the most important topics covered in a staff in-service program to imaging staff members to help reinforce and retain vital information.

1, 2, 3

Some ways of providing education for non-radiologist physicians who perform fluoroscopic procedures can include: 1. creating increased awareness of radiation dose for specific procedures through discussion. 2. establishing goals for lowering radiation dose for patients, assisting personnel, and themselves. 3. radiographers helping physicians performing fluoroscopic procedures by informing them that they have reached a specific dose, thereby giving fluoroscopists the opportunity to decide to continue or stop a procedure.

1, 2, 3

The advantages of the BERT method are: 1. it does not imply radiation risk; it is simply a means for comparison. 2. it emphasizes that radiation is an innate part of our environment. 3. the answer given in terms of BERT is easy for the patient to comprehend.

1, 2, 3

The basic principles of radiation protection include which of the following? 1. Time 2. Distance 3. Shielding

1, 2, 3

Diagnostic efficacy includes: 1. determining if an imaging procedure or practice is justified by the referring physician. 2. obtaining images with minimal radiation exposure 3. adhering to radiation safety guidelines 4. revealing the presence or absence of disease in a patient

1, 2, 3, 4

Which of the following are required by The Joint Commission for CT? 1. Annual education of staff in dose reduction techniques 2. Minimum qualifications for medical physicists 3. Documentation of CT radiation doses 4. Management of CT protocols to minimize radiation dose

1, 2, 3, and 4

Radiology departments or individual radiologic technologists can "pledge" to image gently. The pledge includes which of the following? 1. Make the image gently message a priority in staff communications each year. 2. Review the protocol recommendations and, when necessary, implement adjustments to practice processes. 3. Communicate openly with parents.

1, 2, and 3

The millisievert (mSv) is equal to:

1/1000 of a sievert

The TRACE program consists of: 1. rewriting regulatory standards. 2. formulating new policies and procedures to promote radiation safety and the implementation of patient and community awareness. 3. technologic enhancements.

2 and 3 only

what organization was founded in 2007 that continues their pursuit to raise awareness of the need for dose reduction protocols by promoting pediatric-specified scan protocols to be used for both radiology and nonradiology users of CT?

Alliance for Radiation Safety in Pediatric Imaging

A method of explaining radiation to the public?

BERT

Radiation phobia can be greatly reduced by explaining the diagnostic radiation dose to the patient by using the:

BERT method

Which of the following radiation quantities is intended to be the best overall measure of the biologic effects of ionizing radiation?

Effective dose

The TRACE program creates:

Greater awareness of radiation dose.

The radiographer must answer patient questions about the potential risk of radiation exposure:

Honestly and in understandable terms.

X-rays are a form of which of the following kinds of radiation?

Ionizing

The ALARA principle provides a method for comparing the amount of radiation used in various health care facilities in a particular area for specific imaging procedures. This information may be helpful to many:

Regulatory agencies.

Which of the following is the intention behind the ALARA concept?

To keep radiation exposure and consequent dose at the lowest possible level.

It appears that no safe level exists for radiation-induced malignant diseases.

True

If a patient asks a radiographer a question about the potential risk of radiation exposure associated with a specific x-ray procedure, the radiographer should:

Use his or her intelligence and knowledge to answer the question honestly and provide a suitable example that compares the amount of radiation received from the procedure in question with natural background radiation received over a given period of time.

Why should the selection of technical exposure factors for all medical imaging procedures always follow ALARA?

because radiation-induced cancer does not appear to have a dose level below which individuals would have no chance of developing this disease.

What unit is used to measure radiation exposure in the metric International System of Units?

columb per kilogram

Which of the following provides the basis for determining whether an imaging procedure or practice is justified?

diagnostic efficacy

Typically, people are more willing to accept a risk if they perceive that the potential benefit to be obtained is:

greater than the risk involved

Regarding exposure to ionizing radiation, patients who are educated to understand the medical benefit of an imaging procedure are more likely to

suppress any radiation phobia and be willing to assume a small chance of possible biologic damage