Rapid EMT Test 3 Possible Questions

respiratory distress

What can meconium aspiration syndrome cause the baby to develop?

take quick short breaths

When the mother is experiencing a contraction, you should instruct her to:

they might need to call a specialist to see the patient

When transporting a patient with a facial injury, it is most important to be as descriptive as possible with the hospital regarding the patient's injuries bc:

it interferes with your assessment of the airway

A tight-fitting motorcycle helmet should be left in place unless:

assist the patient's ventilations

A young male was shot in the abdomen by an unknown type of gun. Law enforcement personnel have ensured the scene is safe. The patient is semiconscious, has shallow breathing, and is bleeding externally from the wound. As you control the external bleeding, your partner should:

ensure that the airway is patent and clear of obstructions.

Before assessing the respiratory adequacy of a semiconscious infant or child, you must:

direct pressure using dry, sterile dressings

Bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face is MOST effectively controlled with:

carefully removing any foreign bodies from the vagina.

General treatment for a woman with vaginal bleeding and shock following sexual assault includes all of the following, EXCEPT:

Melena

How does upper gastrointestinal bleeding usually present?

7:57

If a baby is born at 7:52, the second Apgar score should be calculated at:

place the patient supine with legs elevated.

If a patient with vaginal bleeding presents with a rapid pulse and cool or pale skin, you should: A. attempt to located the source of bleeding and correct it B. consider this to be a normal sign in menstruating women C. place the patient supine with legs elevated D. inquire about recent problems with urination

elevate the right side of the board with rolled towels or blankets.

If a pregnant patient must be placed onto a backboard, you should:

is in shock

If a woman with vaginal bleeding reports syncope, the EMT should assume that she:

infection

In addition to external bleeding, the most significant risk that an open soft-tissue injury exposes a patient to is:

80-120 mg/dL

The normal blood glucose level is between:

60

The normal respiratory rate for a newborn should not exceed ___________ breaths/min.

Linear aka non-displaced skull fractures

These type of fractures account for 80% of all fractures to the skull

Ketones

When the body burns fat rather than glucose, what is produced?

blindness

Which of the following conditions is the diabetic patient at an increased risk of developing? Select one: A. Blindness B. Depression C. Alcoholism D. Hepatitis B

Chlamydia

Which of the following conditions would MOST likely lead to pelvic inflammatory disease if left untreated?

hypoglycemia

Which of the following conditions would most likely mimic the signs and symptoms of a stroke?

C. Briskly constricting pupils when exposed to light

Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of a head injury? A. One pupil larger in size than the other pupil B. Failure of the eyes to move in the same direction C. Briskly constricting pupils when exposed to light D. Failure of the eyes to follow movement of an object

Pelvis

Which of the following fractures has the greatest potential for internal blood loss and shock? A. Hip B. Femur C. Pelvis D. Humerus

Gonorrhea

Which of the following infections, when left untreated, may lead to infection of the blood and brain?

Hypoglycemia

Which of the following is a condition that often mimics the symptoms of cerebrovascular accident (CVA)?

pelvic fracture with hypotension

Which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would pose the greatest threat to a patient's life? A. amputated extremity B. bilateral femur fractures C. nondisplaced long bone fractures D. Pelvic fracture w/ hypotension

Sensory

Which of the following nerves carries information from the body to the brain via the spinal cord?

Weight loss and polyuria

Which of the following signs or symptoms would the EMT MOST likely encounter in a patient with new-onset type 1 diabetes? A. Total lack of appetite B. weight gain and edema C. weight loss and polyuria D. low blood glucose level

The absence of raccoon eyes or Battle's sign does not rule it out.

Which of the following statements regarding a basilar skull fracture is correct?

PID can scar the fallopian tubes, which increases the risk of an ectopic pregnancy.

Which of the following statements regarding pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is correct? A. The most severe cases of PID occur in women who are not sexually active B. PID can scar the fallopian tubes, which increases the risk of an ectopic pregnancy. C. most common presenting symptom of PID is generalized upper ab pain D. PID most commonly affects women who have had an ectopic pregnancy

hyperglycemia

all of the following are associated with increased seizure activity except one. Which is the exception?

is a sign of a skull fracture and should not be stopped.

bleeding from the nose following head trauma:

the pregnant uterus compresses the inferior vena cava

Supine hypotensive syndrome occurs when:

take too much of his or her prescribed insulin

Symptomatic hypoglycemia will MOST likely develop if a patient:

children cannot store excess glucose as effectively as adults

The EMT should assess for hypoglycemia in small children with a severe injury or illness because:

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccyx

The areas of the spinal column, in descending order, are:

7

The cervical spine is composed of ________ vertebrae.

retina

the optic nerve endings are located within the:

that the baby's airway might be obstructed

the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid indicates:

oral carbohydrate

A patient who is hypoglycemic would benefit from which emergency item?

taking the patient's history

A dislocated joint may sometimes spontaneously reduce before your assessment. You would be able to confirm the dislocation by doing what?

an ectopic pregnancy

A history of pelvic inflammatory disease or tubal ligations increases a woman's risk for:

diabetic ketoacidosis

A patient with an altered mental status; high blood glucose levels; and deep, rapid breathing may have a condition known as:

unbolt the kickstand from the bike stand and stabilize it with bulky dressings

A teenage boy who was involved in a bicycle accident has a puncture would where the bicycle kickstand impaled his leg. The MOST appropriate method for treating his injury is to:

restlessness

Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include:

Cyanosis

Early signs of respiratory distress in the pediatric patient include all of the following, except:

bronchodilation and vasoconstriction

Epinephrine is used to treat pt's in anaphylactic shock because of its effects of

of the risk for airway problems

Facial injuries should be identified and treated as soon as possible because:

meconium

Fetal stool. When appearing as a dark green material in the amniotic fluid, it can indicate distress or disease in the newborn; it can be aspirated into the fetus's lungs during delivery.

firmly massage the uterine fundus with a circular motion

Following delivery of a full-term baby, you have properly cared for the baby and have clamped and cut the umbilical cord. During transport, you note that the mother is experiencing moderate vaginal bleeding. You should: A. elevate her legs 6'' to 8'' and cover her with a blanket B. firmly massage the uterine fundus with a circular motion C. carefully insert a sterile trauma dressing into her vagina D. place her legs together and position her on her left side

such injuries can affect the respiratory system

Frequent reassessments of the patient with face or neck injuries are MOST important because:

cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital

A 2 yo F has experienced a seizure. When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. Her skin is hot and moist. The mothers tells you that the seizure lasted 5 min. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures but has had a recent ear infection. You should:

Perform abdominal thrusts

A 2 yo child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears cyanotic and cannot speak after playing with a small toy. You should: A. Give 02 and transport at once B. Perform abdominal thrusts C. Visualize the child's airway D. perform a blind finger sweep

A. bind his legs together on the backboard, keep him warm, and transport without delay.

A 21 yo M was throw over the handlebars of his motorcycle when he rear-ended a car that was stopped at a red light. He was wearing a helmet, which he removed prior to your arrival. He is conscious but restless and has closed deformities to both of this femurs. His skin is pale, his heart rate is rapid and weak, and his respirations are rapid and shallow. You should:

stabilize her head and perform a primary assessment.

A 22 yo F was ejected from her car after striking a tree head-on. As you approach her, you note obvious closed deformities to both of her femurs. She is not moving and does not appear to be conscious. You Should:

insert a nasal airway and ventilate with a bag-mask device.

A 25-year-old man overdosed on heroin and is unresponsive. His breathing is slow and shallow and he is bradycardic. He has track marks on both arms. The EMT should: A. administer naloxone via intranasal route B. insert a nasal airway and ventilate with a bag-mask device C. administer naloxone via the intramuscular route D. position on his side and transport

Place her on her side, administer high-flow oxygen, and transport

A 26 yo F who is 34 weeks pregnant is experiencing a seizure. Her husband tells you that her BP has been high and that she had been complaining of a headache for the past few days. You should: A. insert an oral airway and ventilate her with a bag-valve mask B. administer oral glucose for presumed hypoglycemia and transport C. Place her on her side, administer high-flow oxygen, and transport D. elevated her legs to improve brain perfusion and keep her warm

is significantly hyperglycemic.

A 28-year-old female patient is found to be responsive to verbal stimuli only. Her roommate states that she was recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and has had difficulty controlling her blood sugar level. She further tells you that the patient has been urinating excessively and has progressively worsened over the last 24 to 36 hours. On the basis of this patient's clinical presentation, you should suspect that she:

Place her in a left lateral recumbent position

A 33 yo woman who is 36 weeks pregnant is experiencing vaginal bleeding. During transport, you note that she suddenly becomes diaphoretic, tachycardic, and hypotensive. You should: A. Position her supine and elevate her legs 12'' B. Place her in a left lateral recumbent position C. Carefully place sterile gauze into her vagina D. Assist her ventilations with a BVM

acute cholecystitis

A 35-year-old obese woman is complaining of localized pain in the right upper quadrant with referred pain to the right shoulder. The MOST likely cause of her pain is:

irreversible renal failure

A 37-year-old female with a history of diabetes presents with excessive urination and weakness of 2 days' duration. Her blood glucose level reads 320 mg/dL. If this patient's condition is not promptly treated, she will MOST likely develop:

immobilize his spine and perform a focused secondary exam.

A 45 yo M was working on his roof when he fell approximately 12 feet, landing on his feet. He is conscious and alert and complains of an ache in his lower back. He is breathing adequately and has stable vital signs. You should:

deep and rapid breathing

A 50 yo man w/ diabetes has an altered mental status and cannot tell you when he last ate or took his insulin. Your glucometer keeps malfunctioning, and you cannot determine his blood glucose level. Which of the following clinical signs would most likely lead you to the correct diagnosis?

A. encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport.

A 6 yo M presents with acute respiratory distress. His mother saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. The child is conscious, obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. You should:

"Do you have any heart problems or take any medications?"

A 60 year old man complains of chest pain. He is conscious and alert and denies shortness of breath. Which of the following questions would be the most appropriate to ask him?

pulmonary embolism

A 66 yo woman experienced a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. She has a history of type 2 diabetes and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). On the basis of her medical history, which of the following should the EMT suspect?

gastrointestinal bleeding

A 67-year-old male presents with weakness, dizziness, and melena that began approximately 2 days ago. He denies a history of trauma. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his pulse is 120 beats/min and thready. You should be MOST suspicious that this patient is experiencing:

ventilation assistance to maintain an ETCO2 of 30 to 35 mm Hg

A F pt w/ a suspected head injury has slow, shallow breathing. The most appropriate treatment for her includes:

Reassess his or her blood pressure within 5 minutes to detect hypotension

After assisting your patient with prescribed nitroglycerin, you should:

Spleen

After blunt trauma to the abdomen, a 21 yo F complains of diffuse ab pain and pain to the left shoulder. Your assessment reveals that her ab is distended and tender to palpation. On the basis of these findings, you should be most suspicious of injury to the: A. Gallbladder B. Kidneys C. Spleen D. Pancreas

The production of oxytocin caused uterine contraction

After delivery of the placenta, the mother is experiencing vaginal bleeding. After massaging the uterine fundus and allowing the mother to breastfeed, the bleeding stops. This occurred bc: A. uterine massage increases blood flow to the uterus B. the production of oxytocin caused uterine contraction C. a portion of the placenta was retained in the uterus D. breastfeeding causes uterine blood vessels to dialate

capillary bleeding

All of the following should be addressed during the primary assessment except:

be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the hospital.

An 8 yo F with a history of asthma continues to experience severe respiratory distress despite multiple doses of her prescribed albuterol.....RR30 130pulse. She is receiving high flow O2. You should:

grunting

An infant or child with respiratory distress will attempt to keep his or her alveoli expanded at the end of inhalation by:

Avulsion

An injury that separates various layers of soft tissue, resulting in complete detachment or a flap of skin, is called a(n):

cool, clammy skin; weakness; tachycardia; and rapid respirations

Classic signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include:

Hypertension

Common side effects of nitroglycerin include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. Bradycardia B. Hypotension C. Severe Headache D. Hypertension

deformity

Common signs and symptoms of a sprain include all of the following, except: A. swelling B. ecchymosis C. point tenderness D. deformity

disorder of glucose metabolism.

Diabetes is MOST accurately defined as a(n):

insulin is not available in the body

Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when:

Nitroglycerin

Don't give _____________ to patient's with systolic BP under 100.

the mother might become nauseated and vomit

During delivery, it is most important to position your partner at the mother's head bc:

suction his oropharynx for up to 15 seconds.

During your primary assessment of a 19-year-old unconscious male who experienced severe head trauma, you note that his respirations are rapid, irregular, and shallow. He has bloody secretions draining from his mouth and nose. You should:

instruct him to assist her ventilations while you perform a rapid assessment.

During your primary assessment of a semiconcious 30 yo F w/ closed head trauma, you note that she has slow, irregular breathing and a slow, bounding pulse. As your partner maintains maual in-line stabilization of her head, you should:

an air embolism

In addition to severe bleeding, the MOST life-threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is:

A. may be relatively painless.

In contrast to bleeding caused by external trauma to the vagina, bleeding caused by conditions such as polyps or cancer:

can only be corrected in the hospital setting.

In contrast to hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia:

has an altered mental status and a history of diabetes.

In general, oral glucose should be given to any patient who:

herniation of the brain stem

In the setting of a head injury, hypertension, bradycardia, and Biot respirations indicate:

If resistance is encountered or the patient experiences severe pain

In which of the following situations should the EMT splint an injured limb in the position of deformity?

Femoral artery laceration and a blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg

In which of the following situations would external bleeding be the most difficult to control? A. jugular vein laceration and systolic pressure 90mm Hg B. Carotid artery laceration and systolic 60mm Hg C. Femoral artery and BP of 140/90 D. Antecubital vein laceration and BP 132/92

their rib cage is less rigid and the ribs sit horizontally.

Infants are often referred to as "belly breathers" bc:

fetal distress

Meconium stained amniotic fluid should be considered as a warning sign of:

hydromophone (Dilaudid)

Naxolone (Narcan) would reverse the effects of: A. dazepam (Valium) B. temazepami (Restoril) C. hydromophone (Dilaudid) D. phenobarbital (lurrinal)

Dilating coronary arteries

Nitroglycerin aids in the treatment of angina pectoris by

Nondisplaced pelvic fracture

Of the following musculoskeletal injuries, which is the least severe? A. nondisplaced pelvic fracture B. open fractures of a long bone C. an amputation of an extremity D. multiple closed long bong fractures

blood vessels near the skin are constricted

Pale skin in a child indicates that the: A. child is severe decompensated shock B. oxygen content in the blood is decreased C. blood vessels near the skin are constricted D. child's core body temp is elevated

supplemental insulin

Patients with type 2 diabetes usually control their disease with all of the following, EXCEPT:

urinary bladder

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) typically does NOT affect the:

ovarian abscess and ectopic pregnancy.

Potentially life-threatening consequences of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) include: A. ovarian cysts and gonorrhea B. ovarian abscess and ectopic pregnancy C. uterine rupture w/ severe bleeding D bacterial vaginosis and chlamydia

obtain authorization from medical control

Prior to assisting a patient with his or her prescribed nitroglycerin, the EMT must:

Appearance, Work of Breathing, and Skin Circulation

The components of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) are: A. Skin condition, respiratory rate, and level of alertness B. Mental status, HR, and Sytolic BP C. Appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation D. Activity, Resp Quality and LOC

immediate reassessment after the intervention

The effectiveness of positive pressure ventilations when treating a head-injured patient can only be determined by:

A confused 55-year-old male with tachycardia and pallor

To which of the following diabetic patients should you administer oral glucose? A. a conscious 37 yo F w/ nausea and vomiting B. A semiconscious 40 yo F without gag reflex C. unconscious 33 yo M w/ cool, clammy skin D. confused 55 yo M w/ tachycardia and pallor

is a condition in which no insulin is produced by the body

Type 1 diabetes:

puncture the sac and suction the baby's mouth and nose.

Upon delivery of the baby's head, you note that its face is encased in the unruptured amniotic sac. You should:

Melena

What refers to black, foul smelling stool containing digested blood?

remain alert for more severe underlying injuries.

When assessing a patient with a closed soft-tissue injury, it is MOST important to:

rupture of the tympanic membrane following diffuse impact to the head.

When assessing a patient with a head injury, you note the presence of thin, bloody fluid draining from his right ear. This indicates:

It is common to see a more significant increase in heart rate than what would be expected in younger adults

When assessing an 80-year-old patient in shock, it is important to remember that:

rate and depth of breathing

When assessing an unresponsive diabetic patient, the primary visible difference between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia is the:

Palpate the Abdomen for rise and fall

When assessing the infant's ventilation status, you should: A. observe chest for rise and fall B. rule out hypoxia if cyanosis is absent C. palpate the abdomen for rise and fall D. suction the oropharynx

leave the impaled object in place and stabilize it with bulky dressings

When caring for a patient with an impaled object in the abdomen, the EMT should:

airway compromise

When caring for a patient with facial trauma, the EMT should be most concerned with:

maintain her ABCs and transport without delay.

When caring for a woman who is experiencing a gynecologic emergency, the EMT's main focus should be to:

avoid excessive pressure when applying the bandage

When controlling bleeding from a scalp laceration with a suspected underlying skull fracture, you should:

if he or she has had any recent illnesses or excessive stress.

When obtaining a SAMPLE history from a patient with diabetes who has an altered mental status, it would be MOST important to determine: A. name of the physician who prescribed his insulin B. if he has had any recent illnesses or excessive stress C. approximately how much water the patient drank D. if there is a family history of diabetes

Suctioning is indicated prior to cutting the cord if respiratory distress is present.

Which of the following statements regarding suctioning of a newborn's mouth and oropharynx is correct?

The patient take rivaroxaban (Xarelto)

Which of the following would be the most significant when assessing a patient with possible internal bleeding? A. the patient has not eaten in 24 hrs B. the patient had a stroke 5 years ago C. the patient has a history of hypertension D. the patient takes rivaroxaban (Xarelto)

assisted ventilation and naloxone (Narcan)

You and your paramedic partner are caring for a patient who ingested codeine, acetaminophen (Tylenol), and hydrocodone (Vicodin). The patient is unresponsive, his breathing is slow and shallow, and his pulse is slow and weak. Treatment for this patient should include: A. oxygen via nasal cannula and atropine B. assisted ventilation and flumazenil (Romazicon) C. assisted ventilation and naloxone (Narcan) D. high-flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask

Bacterial Meningitis

You are assessing a man who has a head injury and note that cerebrospinal fluid is leaking from his ear. You should recognize that this patient is at risk for:

thoroughly suctioning her oropharynx.

You are dispatched to a local nursery for a 39-year-old female who is sick. When you arrive, you find the patient lying on the floor. She is semiconscious, has copious amounts of saliva coming from her mouth, and is incontinent of urine. You quickly feel her pulse and note that it is very slow. Immediate management for this patient should include:

the patient is at risk for vomiting and aspiration

You arrive at the home of a 50-year-old female with severe epistaxis. As you are treating her, it is MOST important to recall that:

Check the pulse rate at the brachial artery

You have just delivered a full-term infant. His respirations are rapid and irregular, and he has a strong cry. What should you do next? A. allow the mother to hold her baby B. clamp and cut the umbilical cord C. check the pulse rate at the brachial artery D. begin assisting the newborn's breathing

keep him warm and ventilate with a bag-mask device

You have just delivered a premature baby. Your assessment reveals that he is breathing adequately; however, his heart rate is 90 beats/ min. You should: A. begin chest compressions and reassess in 30 seconds B. keep him warm and ventilate w/ a bag-mask device C. clamp and cut the umbilical and keep warm D. place him in the arms of his mother

Immobilize the patient with neck and back pain on a long backboard and place him on the wheeled stretcher; place the patient with the deformed femur on a folding stretcher secured to the squad bench

You have two patients who were involved in a motor vehicle crash when their SUV struck a tree—one with neck and back pain, and the other with a deformed left femur. The patient with the deformed femur states that he does not want to be placed on a hard board, nor does he want a collar around his neck. What is the most appropriate and practical method of securing these patients and placing them into the ambulance?

ventilate her with a bag-mask device.

You receive a call to a residence where a man found his wife unresponsive on the couch. The patient's respiratory rate is 8 breaths/min, her breathing is shallow, her heart rate is 40 beats/min, and her pulse is weak. The husband hands you an empty bottle of hydrocodone (Vicodin), which was refilled the day before. You should: A. Ventilate her with a bag-mask device B. perform rapid head to toe exam C. apply oxygen via nonrebreathing mask D. apply nasalcannular oxygen

attempting to calm him and giving him oxygen if tolerated.

You respond to a college campus for a young male who is acting strangely. After law enforcement has secured the scene, you enter the patient's dorm room and find him sitting on the edge of the bed; he appears agitated. As you approach him, you note that he has dried blood around both nostrils. He is breathing adequately, his pulse is rapid and irregular, and his BP is 200/110. Treatment for this patient includes:

retrograde amnesia

a patient who cannot remember the events that preceded his or her head injury is experiencing:

placing the mother supine w/ her head down and pelvis elevated

Your 22 yo pt is in active labor. Upon visual inspection, you note that the infant's leg is protruding from the vagina. Appropriate management of this situation includes: A. placing the mother supine with her head down and pelvis elevated B. carefully attempting to push the infant's leg off the umbilical cord C. gently pulling on the infant's leg in an attempt to facilitate delivery D. placing the mother in recumbent position and rapidly transporting

dry mucous membranes

Your paramedic partner administers atropine to a 49-year-old male with bradycardia. Which of the following side effects would you expect the patient to experience? A. pupillary constriction B. excessive lacrimation C. Dry mucous membranes D. excessive urination

might vomit and aspirate.

Your unit is dispatched to the county jail for an intoxicated inmate. Upon arrival, you find the pt, a 33 yo M, lying supine in a jail cell. He is responsive to painful stimuli only and has slow, shallow respirations. You should be most concerned that this patient:

apply a compression device around his pelvis

a 48 yr old male has a suspected open-book pelvic fracture. He is conscious but restless, and his skin is pale and diaphoretic. His respirations are 22breaths/min and his pulse rate is 120 beats/min. There is no external bleeding noted. the EMT should:

a sensory nerve detects an irritating stimulus and bypasses the brain by sending a direct message to the motor nerve

a reflex arc occurs when:

Ketones

chemical substances that the body produces when it does not have enough insulin in the blood

depressed skull fracture

result from high energy direct trauma to a small surface area of the head with a blunt object(baseball bat). Often present with neurological signs(loss of consciousness) skull fragments could be driven into brain

striated

skeletal muscle is also referred to as ____________ muscle.