RD Exam

If broccoli loses 21% to trim and cooking, and you need to have 48 lbs of cooked broccoli, how much fresh broccoli should you buy?

61 lb 100-21 = 79% = % Yield EP = AP/%Yield 48 lb = AP/0.79 = 60.7 lb

Four entrees are on next Friday's menu: BBQ ribs, seafood platter, roast beef, and filet mignon. The number of each item sold the last time this menu was offered was 76, 118, 96, and 154, respectively, for a total of 444 entrees sold. For the past six Fridays, the following noon meal counts were recorded: 447, 423, 437, 444, and 429. For next Friday, how many portions of roast beef will be forecasted?

95 portions 1) 444+ 447 + 423 + 437 + 444 + 429/5 = 437 avg meals sold 2) popularity index = 96/444 = 21.6% 3) 0.216 x 437 = 95

What is the upper limit of fat, in grams, that should be consumed by a healthy person requiring 2,500 kcal per day?

97 g Fat should be <35% kcal/day

In order for a manufacturer to label a food as "healthy," it must contain <3 g fat and

<480 mg Na also: <3 g fat; <1g saturated fat; <480 mg sodium; and <60 mg cholesterol

How much water needs to be removed from food if dehydration is used as a method of food preservation?

>/= 80%

How much water needs to be removed from vegetables if dehydration is used as a method of food preservation?

>/= 95%

According to the CDC growth chart, in what percentile is a 1-year-old boy measuring 82 cm?

>95%ile 82 cm (32") is tall for a 1-year-old boy

What inventory control method classifies products according to their value?

ABC

Your patient has been newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which lab results will you review with your patient?

ALL of THEM! -- A1c, Glucose, Trigs, cholesterol HDL, etc.

A manager oversees one or more RDNs providing care for patients with a variety of medical conditions. Which of the following should the manager use when determining work assignments?

Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Standards of Practice and Standards of Professional Performance for RDNs

Which of the following is the best example of an objective?

After participating in the online discussion, the students will list three of the benefits experienced by mothers who breastfeed.

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans are primarily developed and published by the executive branch of the government under what departments?

Agriculture and the Dept. of Health and Human Services

The Institute of Medicine's recommended rate of weight gain per week during the second and third trimesters for pregnant women whose body mass index (BMI) is greater than 30 is_____pounds.

0.5 lb

Full-time employees generally work 236 days per year. What is the full-time equivalent?

1.55 365 days each year ÷ 236 full-time workdays = 1.55 FTEs

The foodservice management team has agreed to upgrade the coffee service area to include an imported ESK4-220V espresso machine at a cost of $4,500.00. The estimated gross income from the machine is $3,365.00 a year with a profit margin of 72%. What would be the payback period for this equipment purchase?

1.86 years $3,365 x 0.72 = $2,422.80 (actual profit). 4,500.00/2,422.8 = 1.86 years.

A foodservice establishment requires thirteen 8-hour positions, four 4-hour positions, and one 3-hour position to meet daily demands. How many FTEs does the foodservice establishment maintain?

15.37 123 hours total ÷ 8 hours per day = 15.37 FTEs

What is the minimum internal cooking temperature of shell eggs that are hot-held for service?

155 F

The minimum amount of fiber recommended for a 10-year-old child is

15 g

A foodservice operation's Net Profit is $41,137, Cost of Goods Sold is $145,350, Average Inventory Value is $7,330, and Total Meals Served Per Day is 200. What is the inventory turnover rate?

19.83 Inventory Turnover Rate = Cost of Goods sold/inventory value

The FDA defines the term "gluten-free" to mean that the food bearing the claim contains no more than _____ parts per million (ppm) or _____milligrams (mg) or more gluten per kilogram (kg) of food.

20, 20

A teenager with diabetes typically snacks on 40 to 45 grapes each afternoon. The registered dietitian nutritionist teaching him about carbohydrate counting could explain that his snack is equal to how many carbohydrate servings?

3 15 grapes in one CHO serving

An isotonic enteral formula would have an osmolality of

300 (the same as blood)

Nipple feeding is likely to be successful if it is attempted once an infant reaches a gestational age of

32 weeks

When performing a nutritional assessment on a child, head circumference should be measured up to the age of

36 months

If the dietetics professional presents new information to an adult orally, about how much of what is heard will be remembered after 2 weeks?

20% People remember 10% of what they read, 20% of what they hear, 30% of what they see, 50% of what they hear and see, 70% of what they themselves say, and 90% of what they themselves say and do

Two federal agencies control alcoholic beverages. Where are the agencies housed?

Department of Treasury

Which additive might be useful as a sequestrant to maintain whiteness of canned potatoes?

EDTA

Which governmental agency administers the Interstate Travel Sanitation program, which allows agents to inspect foodservice on interstate carriers such as boats, planes, and trains?

FDA

Which ratio is designed to examine how effectively an organization is utilizing its assets?

Inventory Turnover rate assets-to-liabilities ratio: calculates the percentage of assets provided by debt debt-to-equity ratio: what percentage of the company's assets are funded by shareholders' equity and debt break-even point: where expenses and revenue are equal

Which of the following would be a characteristic of a flavor enhancer?

It will be present at sub-threshold levels.

What component of serum cholesterol do plant stanols/sterols lower?

LDL

What valuation method is being used when inventory is valued by assuming that newer items are used before older items?

LIFO

Which of the following describes total quality management?

Processes, improvement, customer satisfaction

You are developing a heart disease prevention program for a worksite and need to locate several nutrition research articles. The best database to use is:

PubMed

Which of the following is a true statement regarding organic foods?

Raw or processed agricultural products in the organic category may contain up to 5% non-organic ingredients allowed per the National List.

When using the Nutrition Care Process, what three things do dietetics practitioners do in completing Nutrition Monitoring and Evaluation?

Scrutinize, measure, and assess the changes in nutrition care indicators.

After reviewing the results of menu engineering, what is the best way to manage a plowhorse?

Serve smaller portions of the menu item. Plowhorse - high popularity, low profit (i.e. Mac and cheese)

Which of the following best represents transformation processes for a foodservice system?

Linking processes, management functions, functional subsystems

Which grouping of words best represents transformation processes for a foodservice system?

Linking processes, management functions, functional subsystems NOT goals/objectives

Which of the following ratios indicates an organization's ability to meet current financial obligations?

Liquidity "Current" signifies within 12 months. Liquidity is ease with which assets (ie, cash, accounts receivable, inventory, and prepaid expenses) can be converted to cash. liquidity ratios indicate an organization's ability to repay its debts within the next 12 months or its ability to meet current obligations.

Which of the following illnesses is most commonly linked to raw meat, unpasteurized dairy products, and ready-to-eat foods such as hot dogs, deli meats, and soft cheeses?

Listeria

foodborne illness often associated with deli meats that has an onset time of 3 to 7 days; causes nausea, vomiting, headache, chills, backache, and meningitis; and has a high fatality rate in the immune-compromised is:

Listeria

Which additive is in baking powder and reacts with the sodium bicarbonate to produce carbon dioxide gas?

Sodium aluminum sulfate

When evaluating print and audiovisual patient education material for understandability and "actionability," which of the following is the BEST tool?

PEMAT (Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool) NOT SMOG

The evaluation tool that is used for effective planning and controls functions of management is called:

PERT chart

Which health education planning model demonstrates that lasting behavior change is voluntary and must include input from the client?

PRECEDE-PROCEED

Which of the following components comprise the core of motivational interviewing?

Partnership, acceptance, compassion, and evocation

This agency oversees voluntary inspections and grading of fish and fish products.

USDC

The Joint Commission outlines patient safety goals annually. Which of the following are patient safety goals in an outpatient setting?

Use medications safely, identify patients correctly, prevent infections

Which of the following is least likely to be documented?

Work-related advice provided by the supervisor to the employee

The NDTR receives information from the patients about food temperatures. The line cooks receive information from the RDN about recipe modifications. The health inspector provides an assessment of the dishroom. Are these interactions examples of feedback?

Yes, because feedback can be from the internal and external environments.

Which USDA grade of beef is not purchased for general foodservice use?

commercial highest to lowest: prime, choice, select, standard, commercial, utility, cutter, and canner. Commercial, utility, cutter, and canner are not purchased for general foodservice use because of their poor taste quality.

A school foodservice has centralized procurement and production facilities with distribution of prepared menu items to several remote areas for final preparation and service. What name is given to this type of foodservice operation?

commissary

According to CDR's Essential Practice Competencies, graduates of accredited dietetics programs are required to have knowledge in eight content areas, including physical and biological sciences, social sciences, research, and _____.

communications

In order to be labeled as "pure" vanilla, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires that it

contain 35% alcohol by volume.

Based on this client statement, determine which stage of change he or she is in: "I know what you are going to tell me, and I know a lot about nutrition. I know what I need to do to lose weight, but I just can't do it."

contemplation

Which decision-making process would be most appropriate for determining whether medication, consultations with a registered dietitian nutritionist, or some combination of the two is the best approach for lowering serum triglyceride levels?

cost-effectiveness analysis Cost-effectiveness: provides comparison of alternative courses of action in terms of their cost, financial gains and savings, and effectiveness in obtaining an objective. This technique does not include costs or effectiveness in obtaining objectives

This process uses sublimation to prepare high-quality preserved foods.

freeze-drying

Which kind of damage results from dehydration of a frozen breaded chicken patty due to extreme cold?

freezer burn

Which food is likely to be irradiated to inhibit deterioration due to mold formation?

fresh strawberries

Which food would be most likely to contain propyl gallate?

frozen pork sausage

The hormone released by gastric cells in response to food in the stomach is ______.

gastrin

In order to absorb folate consumed from green, leafy vegetables, _________________.

glutamic acid molecules must be removed

Which is an example of a food preserved by lowering the water activity of the food by adding a solute?

grape jelly bc sugar is added to it; in dried foods (i.e. sun-dried tomatoes), a solute is not added, but water is taken out

In developing a community nutrition intervention, a logic model

graphically shows how various elements of planning lead to intended outcomes.

What financial information is obtained by subtracting cost of goods sold from total sales in a given period?

gross profit

The most influential perception factor in a person's selection of a particular food is

gustatory (taste)

Which step in the Nutrition Care Process involves the dietetics professional coordinating nutrition care with other health care providers, institutions, or agencies

intervention

Which step in the Nutrition Care Process involves the dietetics professional establishing goals jointly with the patient/client?

intervention

The food and nutrition director and the food production manager discuss productivity of the tray line setup. The food production manager agrees to reorganize the tray line's hot and cold food stations. This interaction is an example of

linking processes

Where in the body is vitamin D hydroxylated to 25-hydroxyvitamin D?

liver the kidney is responsible for the synthesis of the active metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D

A group of registered dietitian nutritionists meets with a member of the legislature to encourage her support for an important nutrition issue. This activity is known as

lobbying

The best studied and most frequently recommended weight-loss dietary strategy is:

low fat, reduced energy

Vision problems in older adults may be due to dietary factors such as a(n)

low intake of antioxidants

At what levels do leptin and ghrelin promote excess food intake?

low leptin, high grelin

Which of the following terms is not defined by US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use on a food label?

low sugar

When talking about program planning for community nutrition, what would the term "management" refer to?

managing personnel and data systems

Chin has written the following objective for her community nutrition program: "Women who are at least 60 years of age will perform at least 30 minutes of weight-bearing exercise three or more times per week." Which of the required components is missing from Chin's objective?

measure of success

If a researcher creates a questionnaire so that extra emphasis is placed on certain questions, what type of errors likely will affect the findings?

measurement errors

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) performs quantitative (yield) grading only for

meat

In a foodservice operation, which of the following is the most critical point of control?

menu

When determining presentation of items on a printed menu, considerations are taken for their position on the menu. Items you wish to sell more of should be placed so that they are the first and/or last thing a customer sees. This positioning strategy is the science of

menu psychology

Excessive intake of phytates and oxalates can interfere with the absorption of

minerals

The sentence "We will produce nutritious, high-quality food that meets our customers' needs for service within 30 minutes" is a

mission statement

Which step in the Nutrition Care Process has as its purpose to quantify progress made by the patient/client in meeting nutrition care goals?

monitor and evaluate

According to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, each registered dietitian nutritionist is expected to promote public access and referral to credentialed dietetics practitioners for quality food and nutrition programs and services by

monitoring the effectiveness of referral systems and modifying them as needed to achieve desirable outcomes.

Which of the following is a contraindication to enteral nutrition support in an elderly patient?

severe acute pancreatitis

A key factor in reaching populations with low literacy is _____.

simplicity

Cultural _____ is the ability to collect culturally relevant information from clients and perform culturally based assessments and interventions.

skill

The greatest number of employee injuries in kitchens is from

slippery floors

Building an appropriate protein matrix is essential for achieving the proper quality features in baked goods. Increasing the amount of sugar in a recipe will have which of the following effects on gluten development and the mixing process?

slow gluten development and require more manipulation When sugar is added to a dough or batter mixture, the sugar will compete with the starch for the water in the dough or batter. Reducing the amount of available water will slow gluten development and will increase mixing (manipulation) times for the dough or batter.

Where is lactose absorbed?

small intestine

Which additive would inhibit mold in soda pop?

sodium benzoate

Which additive used in smoked and cured meats forms a color pigment that may oxidize to an undesirable yellow or greenish color when exposed to oxygen and light?

sodium nitrate

Of the following, which is the type of skill that must develop within and be nurtured in both the personal and professional life of a manager?

soft hard skills can be taught

Which foods should not be consumed by people with compromised immune systems?

soft cheeses, brie bc they may have mold

Which additive would add sweetness, act as a stabilizer and thickener, and retain moistness in a muffin?

sorbitol

Which fat would be most susceptible to flavor reversion due to oxidative rancidity?

soybean oil because - Oxidative rancidity is associated with the degradation by oxygen in the air. Oxidation primarily occurs with unsaturated fats. The more saturated fat contained in an oil, the less susceptible it is to rancidity. More so than olive oil too

The primary safeguard of foodservice quality is adherence to_____.

specifications

Which of the following is a technical specification?

stainless steel, 18 gauge

The Nutrition Care Process includes:

standardized language

In the systems model, transformation depends on the requirements of the functional subsystems. Which resource would be most important for the distribution and service subsystem of a school cafeteria?

steam table

A dietary supplement with the statement "Vitamin K helps support normal blood clotting" on the label is making a

structure/functional claim

A storeroom staffed with a full-time employee would be considered a(n) ___________ of a university residence hall foodservice.

subsystem

Which job would you not give to a consultant RD?

supervising dietary employees

Which of the following is the most effective and efficient tool for gathering information on consumption of locally grown foods by community residents?

survey

Consider the following statement from a patient during a nutrition consult: "I really want to improve my lunch choices by packing my own lunch, but I'm afraid I'll miss the social time with my coworkers." In the setting of motivational interviewing, this is an example of:

sustain talk

To generate revenue, the bakery department produces a photo sheet of its decorated cakes and distributes it to all units in the hospital. The cafeteria bundles the decorated cake service with a discounted coffee service. This is an example of

synergy

In a taste test evaluation, which of the following foods would have a notable "astringency" as part of its "flavor" profile?

tea astringency: taste sensation that is most often associated with the tannins in foods (tea, wine chocolate, underripe fruits)

When working with disabled adults, it is suggested that the dietetics professional _____.

teach rather than test

Which of the following would be an example of a sol?

turkey gravy sol: a colloidal dispersion of a solid in a liquid and has flow properties egg white meringue is a foam. The flan, which is baked custard, is a gel and doesn't flow. The vinaigrette is an example of an emulsion

Which natural colorant might be added to pickles?

turmeric

Phenylalanine is a precursor to which amino acid?

tyrosine

An example of a conditionally indispensable amino acid is

tyrosine Conditionally indispensable: amino acids requiring a dietary source when endogenous synthesis cannot meet metabolic need. The indispensable amino acids are arginine, cysteine, glutamine, glycine, proline, and tyrosine

Using behavioral learning theory can be problematic in a foodservice environment because one of its tenets is that ______.

undesirable behaviors are ignored

What name is given to standard methods of accounting and presentation of financial statements that provide comparability of financial data within an industry?

uniform system of accounts

The management functions of planning, organizing, and staffing are

used to coordinate subsystems to achieve objectives.

A diagnosis of hypersensitivity to food requires

verifying the food that causes an adverse reaction and excluding other causes of adverse reactions.

The 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans suggest what percentage of calories comes from saturated fat?

10%

Which federal agency regulates wines with less than 7% alcohol?

FDA

Which of the following religious groups generally do not consume pork?

Hindus, Jews, Muslims, Seventh-Day Adventists

Which of the following is an element of the Chronic Care Model (CCM)?

clinical information systems

Another name for irradiation is

cold pasteurization

Another name for irradiation is _____.

cold pasteurization

Which of the following is an example of a climacteric fruit?

tomato climacteric: continue to ripen post-harvest.

Which of the following is an example of the Hawthorne effect?

"Because Raul is in a study to determine the impact of eating breakfast on one's ability to achieve faster times in track and field events that include 'sprinting' periods, he is skipping breakfast less often." Hawthorne effect: term referring to the tendency of some people to work harder and perform better when they are participants in an experiment or program.

Which of the following is an example of an FDA-authorized health claim?

"Three grams of soluble fiber from oatmeal daily in a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol may reduce the risk of heart disease. This product has 2 grams per serving." -->The FDA's guidelines for approved health claims require use of the word "may."

A cooked, 19 lb, bone-in turkey breast has a yield of 35.4%. The cost of the turkey breast is $1.19 per pound. What will be the cost of a 4 oz portion?

$0.84 $1.19 per lb/0.354 = $3.36 per pound $3.36 per pound/16 oz per lb = $0.21 per oz $0.21 per ounce x 4 = $0.84

The total value of food in inventory on March 1 is $8,327. The facility purchased $3,200 of food during the month of March. April 1 inventory is $6,800. What is the cost of food available for the month of March?

$11,527 inventory on March 1 ($8,327) plus the amount purchased during March ($3,200), which totals $11,527.

Food inventory is being valued. Eighteen #10 cans of diced pears are on the shelf. From oldest to newest cans, three cost $6.66 each, six cost $6.72 each, and nine cost $6.78 each. Using the LIFO valuation method, what is the total inventory value of diced pears?

$122.04 Using the Last In, First Out system, the inventory should be valued at the price of the most recent purchase. Multiply 18 cans by $6.78, the most recent price, to get $122.04.

A foodservice has a 35% labor cost, 23% fixed costs, and a desired profit of 12%. Given a raw food cost of $4.55, what would be the selling price of an item when rounded to $0.99 on the dollar?

$15.99 100% - (35% + 23% + 12%) = 100 - 70 = 30% sales price = cost / divisor = $ 4.55 / 0.3 = $15.16. Round up to $15.99.

What is the invoice cost to serve 85 lb of cooked, sliced ham if whole, bone-in hams weigh 18 lb as purchased (AP), have an AP to edible portion waste percent of 44, and cost $1.83 per AP pound?

$296.46 18 lb x 0.44 = 7.92 = ~8 lb waste --> so, with one 18 lb ham, you only get about 10 lb of meat 10 lb x 9 = 90 lb of EP --> so you need to buy 9 hams 9 x $1.83/lb x 18 lb = 296.46

The foodservice manager has determined that food cost percentage should be no more than 28%. Using the factor pricing method, what should you charge for a bowl of chili if the recipe cost is $1.12 per portion?

$3.99 pricing factor will be 100 divided by 28, or 3.57. Next, multiply $1.12 by 3.57 to get $3.99

A recipe requires 1¾ cup quick-cooking tapioca. Tapioca is purchased in twelve 8-oz boxes in a case and costs $41.88 per case. Three cups of quick-cooking tapioca weighs 1 lb. What is the recipe cost for tapioca?

$4.07 One case of tapioca contains 12 boxes of 8 oz apiece for a total of 6 lb (12 x 0.5 lb = 6). To calculate the price per pound, divide $41.88 by 6 lb to get $6.98 per lb. To get the price per cup, divide $6.98 by 3 to get $2.33 per cup. Finally, to get the price for 1¾ cups, multiply $2.33 per cup by 1.75 to get $4.07.

The foodservice manager has determined that the desired percentage for food cost should be 34%. Using the factor pricing method, what would be the markup for the pasta primavera if the recipe cost is $2.65 raw food cost/portion?

$7.79 100/Desired food cost % = cost factor 100/34 = 2.94 Raw food cost x cost factor = markup $2.65 x 2.94 = $7.79

Using the following figures, calculate the break-even point for The Green Café: Fixed costs = $52,000; variable costs = $85,000; total sales = $210,000.

$86,666.66 Breakeven Point = Fixed costs/1 - (variable costs/sales)

A thermometer used to measure the temperature of food must be accurate to what temperature?

+/- 2 F

When including a factor to represent non-urinary losses of nitrogen, calculation of nitrogen balance for a patient with a 24-hour urinary nitrogen excretion of 14.3 grams and a protein intake of 102 grams would show a nitrogen balance of

-2 g = Nitrogen ingested - Nitrogen excreted - 4 (insensible nitrogen loss) = (102 g PRO/6.25) - 14.3 - 4 = -2

Freezing foods at _____ is the least damaging to the food's original flavor, nutrient content, and texture compared to most other preservation methods.

0 degrees F

The indicator head of a bimetallic stemmed thermometer ranges from

0-220 F

A food product may be labeled "Made with Organic Ingredients" if _____% of the finished product's ingredients meet organic criteria.

70

A recipe requires 1½ pt of cleaned, sliced strawberries. The yield for strawberries is 91% and 1 cup of clean, sliced strawberries weighs 7 oz. At a minimum, how many pounds of strawberries need to be ordered?

1 1/2 lb 2 cups = 1 pt --> 3 cups strawberries for recipe B/c 1 cup is 7 oz, you need 21 oz strawbs Raw strawberries needed = 21 oz/0.91 = 23 oz AP 23 oz/x lb = 16 oz/1 lb = 1.44 lb --> 1.5 lbs needed

A general rule for appropriate portion sizes for toddlers and preschool children is to offer

1 Tbsp of each food per meal for each year of the child's age.

Which of the following correctly identifies amylopectin?

1,4 α glucosidic linkages in addition to 1,6 α glucosidic linkages

No more than _________ of the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) weekly requirement for servings of fruit may be met by pasteurized full-strength, 100% fruit juice.

1/2

For a food that contains less than 50% calories from fat, how many fewer calories should it contain to be considered a "light" or "lite" food?

1/3 fewer calories

The US Department of Agriculture School Meals Initiative for Healthy Children requires that the schools participating in the National School Breakfast Program provide _____ RDA for age/grade group for breakfast.

1/4 The BREAKFAST provides 1/4, while the LUNCH provides 1/3

Using the Hamwi formula, what is the ideal body weight for a female who is 70 inches tall and has a small body frame?

135 lb subtract 10% bc of small frame

What gauge of stainless steel is most common in foodservice operations?

14, 16 and 18 the lower the gauge level, the thicker the metal

What is the lowest acceptable holding temp while serving?

140 F

When cooking fish, it should reach an internal temperature of:

145 F for 15 sec

When cooking pork chops, they should reach an internal temperature of:

145 F for 15 sec

What is the proper temperature for reheating TCS food for hot-holding?

165 F

When reheating previously cooked foods, what temperature should they reach within 2 hours?

165 F for 15 sec

When cooking poultry, it should reach an internal temperature of:

165 for 15 sec

What daily energy intake should result in a weight loss of 2 pounds per month if one had been consuming 2,000 kcal per day?

1750 kcal 3,500 kcal/pound = 7,000 kcal deficiency needed for 2 pound weight loss over 4 weeks; 7,000/28 (4 weeks x 7 days/week) = 250 kcal. 2000-250 = 1750 kcal.

How old must a foodservice employee be in order to operate power-driven bakery machine?

18

Using food-based menu planning, the required portion size for meat/meat alternate served in a reimbursable lunch to students in grades 9 through 12 must be

2 oz

What number of productive FTEs do you need for two 7-day-per-week positions, working 6:30 am to 3:00 pm, with a 30-minute lunch?

2.8 FTEs

How many kilocalories per ounce does a standard infant formula provide?

20 kcal/oz

For a food to be labeled "high in," "rich in," or an "excellent source" of a nutrient, what percentage of the Daily Value for that nutrient must be present?

20%

How many dietary folate equivalents (DFE) are provided in a supplement containing 150 mcg folate?

250 DFE 1 mcg DFE = 0.6 mcg folic acid 150 ÷ 0.6 = 250.

The foodservice department has been asked to prepare a special luncheon for the Grandway Hospital Board of Directors on Tuesday. There will be 25 board members at the luncheon. There are 125 portions of vegetable lasagna needed for the hospital's lunch service that day. The standardized vegetable lasagna recipe yields 125 portions and requires 21 lb of ricotta cheese. How much ricotta cheese must Chef Carl order to meet production needs?

26 lb Carl has a recipe for 125 portions and he needs to increase the yield to 150 portions. Divide 150 by 125 to get the factor, which is 1.2. Then multiply 21 pounds by 1.2 to get 25.2 pounds and round up to 26 pounds.

The Student Dietetic Association is having a smoothie tasting event. Each smoothie calls for a number 4 scoop of Greek yogurt, number 8 scoop of frozen strawberries, and a number 8 scoop of fresh blueberries. You anticipate 450 attendees at the event. How many gallons of Greek yogurt will you need?

29 gallons 32 oz/#4 = 8 oz scoop = 1 cup x 450 attendees = 450 cups yogurt needed Since there are 16 cups in a gallon: 450/16 = 28.12 gallons

Large institutions most often plan meals using cycle menus. Which of the following cycle lengths is most appropriate for a long-term-care facility?

4 week cycle

Which of the following is the recommended amount of caffeine for healthy children aged 5 to 12?

3 mg/kg

Since July 2012, children in grades K through 5 must be served a minimum of ______ cup vegetables with each National School Lunch Program reimbursable lunch.

3/4

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's worst-case projection made in 2010, what proportion of the US adult population will have diabetes by the year 2050?

30%

According to USDA guidelines, during a power outage the refrigerator should keep food safely cold for about ____ hour(s) and a full freezer will hold the temperature for approximately ______ hours if the door remains closed.

4, 48

The most appropriate nutrition prescription for your patient with cirrhosis includes:

4-6 small meals/day

Approximately how many servings of milk would a woman 53 years of age need to consume to meet her RDA for calcium?

4 cups RDA for women aged 51 and older is 1,200 mg calcium daily. Milk has 300 mg/cup

The maximum number of calories in a food labelled "Low calorie" is:

40 kcal

All breastfed infants should receive how many IUs of vitamin D per day during the first 2 months of life?

400 IU or 5 mcg

Shell eggs should be stored at or below

45 F

The total value of food in inventory on March 1 is $8,327. The facility purchased $3,200 of food during the month of March. April 1 inventory value is $6,800. Total sales for the month of March were $10,538. What was the food cost percentage for the month of March?

45% 1) $8,327 + $3,200 = $11,527 (cost of food for March) 2) $11,527 - $6,800 = $4727 (amount of food used during March) 3) $4,727/$10,538 = 45%

Dietetics professionals can expect about one in _____ of their clients to have a disability that will require special accommodations.

5

When pickling foods, the level of brine acidity is critical not only for acceptable flavor and texture, but also for safety of the product. The appropriate acidity level of the vinegar used must be at least

5%

Dry food should be stored between:

50 - 70 F

Labor costs for a roast beef dinner were $764, operating costs were $129, profit was $210, and the cost for food for the event was $895. What was the food cost percentage?

50% FC% = cost of food/total production cost ----Profit not important

patient in residential care receives a parenteral formula of D40W of 500 ml in one day. The number of kilocalories delivered is

680 kcal 1 L of D40W, there is 400 g dextrose 400 g Dex/1 L = X gDex/0.500 L = 200 g dex 200 g x 3.4 = 680 kcal

What are the estimated kilocalorie needs of a 4-month-old infant who weighs 14 pounds?

687 kcal 108 kcal/kg for infants </= 6 months

The minimum number of additional competencies that ACEND requires a program to have to support its emphasis area is _____.

7

Hot, potentially hazardous foods must be cooled to ___ °F or below within 2 hours and then cooled to ___ °F or below in the next 4 hours.

70, 41

According to regulations, what is the most caffeine that can be in a 12-oz serving of soda pop?

71 mg

How many times might a parent need to expose a child to a food before acceptance of that food occurs?

8-10 times

Which one of the following patient scenarios requires less stringent blood glucose targets?

A 58-year-old with severe cardiomyopathy, depression, and limited family supports

Which of the following is an application of nanotechnology in the foodservice industry?

A frying oil that catalytically inhibits the thermal polymerization of the oil

For credentialed RDNs and NDTRs, what is the basic difference between a statutory scope of practice and an individual scope of practice?

A statutory (legal) scope of practice is, primarily, defined at the state level and an individual scope of practice is flexible and defined by the individual's professional practice.

Which of the following financial terms represents current liabilities?

Accounts payable, accrued expenses

Which of the following accurately describes how alcohol is digested and absorbed?

Alcohol requires no digestion and is absorbed by simple diffusion.

Which of the following statements is valid regarding the use of nutrition labels in a restaurant?

An item listed as "low fat" on the menu must be substantiated upon request.

Which of the following is NOT an acceptable way to thaw food?

At room temperature for a maximum time of 2 hours

Which additive is useful as a bleaching agent?

Benzoyl peroxide

Pyridoxine is another name for ___________.

B6 B1 - thiamine

The following programs are recommended as primary interventions in school-based child and adolescent overweight prevention programs:

Behavioral counseling, nutrition education, physical activity education, parental/family involvement

The Emergency Food Assistance Program and the Disaster Feeding Program are examples of food distribution programs. Which of the following statements best describes the similarities of the two programs?

Both programs may serve children, adolescent, and other age groups and provide commodity foods to local food distribution and service agencies.

The four most costly foodborne bacteria pathogens are salmonella, e. coli, listeria, and

C. jejuni

The presence of fat in the intestine stimulates cells to release

CCK

Which agency is responsible for reviewing safety information related to food ingredients and food packaging?

CFSAN

Which preservative is often used as a fungicide and mold preventative in bakery products?

Calcium propionate

Which of the following is a functional food that has been identified as having a qualified health claim for essential and gestational hypertension?

Calcium supplement

Which statement best describes the F component of the FADE performance improvement model?

Choose a specific problem or process to improve F - focus (identify problem) A - analyze (review of data) D - develop (make action plan) E - execute

Which FDA class of recalls are for products that might cause a temporary health problem, or pose only a slight threat of a serious nature?

Class II

Which of the following must be true for a food to be labeled "low fat"?

Contains less than 3 g fat per serving

Which of the following statements about the intensive behavioral therapy (IBT) benefit for obese Medicare Part B beneficiaries is true?

Continued treatment for obesity is contingent on weight loss assessed at the seventh month of treatment.

Compared to a non-leader, which grouping of words best describes a leader?

Copes with change, empowers, perseveres

Which phrase best describes a leader?

Copes with change, empowers, perseveres

______can be defined as the accumulation of a group's learned and shared behaviors in everyday life.

Culture

Which of the following business concepts represents marketing?

Customer wants, profit-oriented, future growth

Which of the following sets of business terms represents marketing?

Customer wants, profit-oriented, future growth

Which of the following is NOT a component of meta-analysis?

Data are presented in a narrative manner

During a snow storm, the assistant cook (AC) can't get to work. The person working in the "floater" position is unable to take over all AC responsibilities but is somewhat confident and is willing to assist the head cook in preparing items on the daily production schedule. To be most effective, what would be the manager's approach?

Define roles and tasks for the willing employee, provide opportunity for role clarification and questions, and give support.

Which set of directives best describes the management process?

Directing, controlling, organizing, staffing, planning

The following blood test result puts a patient at greatest risk for developing heart disease:

Elevated LDL-dense particles of cholesterol

What decisional roles does a manager perform when committing an organization to specific courses of action and/or determining unit strategy?

Entrepreneur, resource allocator, disturbance handler, and/or negotiator

HACCP principles must be considered in order. Which of the following is the fourth principle?

Establish monitoring procedures HCCMCVD (1) Conduct a hazard analysis. (H) (2) Determine critical control points. (C) (3) Establish critical limits. (C) (4) Establish monitoring procedures. (M) (5) Identify corrective actions. (C) (6) Verify that the system works. (V) (7) Establish procedures for record keeping and documentation. (D)

What production forecasting method would be used if an assumption was made that actual occurrences follow an identifiable pattern over time?

Exponential smoothing & moving average

T/F: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) provides a strict definition for functional foods.

FALSE

What is the primary regulatory agency responsible for the safety of imported fish?

FDA

Which agency enforces provisions of the FD&C Act prohibiting the sale of products with false advertising?

FDA

Which agency has accepted genetically engineered foods as posing no risk to health or safety and does not require mandatory labeling of genetically modified organisms (GMO) if the food is substantially equivalent to the original in nutritional value?

FDA

Which agency regulates production of all canned green beans that are marketed across state lines?

FDA

The safety and quality of meat and poultry imported to the United States is overseen by the_________.

FSIS

Which agency would regulate the manufacturing of chicken noodle soup?

FSIS

The largest hunger-relief organization in the United States is

Feeding America

Which of the following programs was designed to determine the burden of foodborne disease in the United States, monitor trends of specific foodborne illnesses over time, attribute the burden of foodborne illness to specific foods and settings, and develop and assess interventions to reduce the burden of foodborne illness?

FoodNet

Which dish machine would be most efficient and effective for use in high-volume foodservice operations?

Flight-type continuous conveyor

Which agency would regulate the manufacture of cream of chicken soup that contained almost no meat?

Food Safety and Inspection Service in charge of canned product manufacturing

The FDA, Food Safety and Inspection Service, and CDC jointly publish this reference document for regulatory agencies responsible for overseeing food safety in retail outlets:

Food code

What decision-making technique focuses on the highest gains with the smallest amount of losses, regardless of what the competitor does?

Game Theory

Of the following foodborne microorganisms, which of the following is considered a parasite?

Giardia

Which of the following glucose-lowering medications would require patient education about treatment of hypoglycemia?

Glimepiride (Amaryl) - stimulates the pancreas to release insulin

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) involves grading evidence to support clinical guidelines and guide practice recommendations. Which of the following statements is valid regarding the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics' system?

Grade I indicates strong evidence to support a recommendation.

What is the name of the substance that denatures protein in the stomach during digestion?

HCl

Which of the following situations reduces a manager's span of control?

Having a greater geographical dispersion of workers

Which of the following has been listed as an essential element in the provision of culturally competent community nutrition programming?

Having institutionalized cultural knowledge

Which of the following is a characteristic typically associated with the discussion method of teaching?

Helps learners master higher-level cognitive objectives

___________ is an essential amino acid.

Histidine TV TILL PMH Tryptophan valine threonine isoleucine leusine lysine phenylalanine methionine histidine

Which of the following sets of resources is a core concept of management principles?

Human, physical, financial

What should you do when a food item is not at proper temperature when it is brought to the service line?

If it has been less than 2 hours since it was prepared, reheat it to the proper temperature.

Which one of the following is NOT included in the statin benefit group according to the 2013 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) Guidelines on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol to Reduce Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Adults?

Individuals without ASCVD, diabetes mellitus between the ages of 40 and 75 and who have a 10-year risk of 5.5%

Which of the following characteristics is key to an efficient and effective system?

Interdependency of parts

Which of the following is a disadvantage of a cohort study?

It is rarely possible to study the mechanism of a disease

For a food to be labeled "healthy," what must be true for each serving?

It meets standards for low-fat and saturated-fat foods.

What organization created standards for cultural competence that resulted in the 2014 publication of a monograph to inspire hospitals to integrate cultural competence as well as other patient- and family-centered care concepts?

Joint Commission

Which statement best describes the "A" component of the PDSA performance improvement model?

Maintain and continue improvement

Which approach would be most appropriate for a manager to take when initiating several complex, stressful, and simultaneous changes within a short period of time?

Make all decisions with available information and use autocratic management for change.

Which of the following is true of dietetics management?

Management principles transcend disciplines and practice areas.

When baking muffins, which of the following is most likely to have a deeper brown crust?

Muffin made with baking soda and solid sugar bc u need an alkali environment for the Maillard to work best

Which of the following food programs is the largest federally funded child nutrition assistance program?

NSLP

In 2013, changes were made to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) that have resulted in RDN's needing to modify the way that they conduct business to remain compliant. These changes are collectively known as the

Omnibus rule

For a food to be labeled "light" or "lite," how many calories can it contain?

One-third fewer calories than the regular food

The Standards of Professional _____ for dietetics professionals describes in general terms a competent level of behavior in the professional role.

Performance

Which of the following is an appropriate method to prevent aspiration during enteral feeding?

Place a nasojejunal tube

What is the FDA's definition of "gluten free"?

Products containing less than 20 ppm of gluten.

Which of the following statements best defines the USDA quality grading system?

Quality grading of meat and poultry is a voluntary process.

Which of the following reflects long-term folate status?

RBC folate

Which set of dietary intake values establishes a goal for dietary intake that will meet the needs of nearly all healthy people?

RDA

All of the following statements about the intensive behavioral therapy (IBT) benefit for obese Medicare Part B beneficiaries are true, EXCEPT:

RDNs may provide the service and bill Medicare using a unique physician identification number. can only be provided by a physician

A client's estimated energy needs should be based on:

RMR - resting metabolic rate.

Which of the following is more characteristic of quantitative research than of qualitative research?

Random sampling

registered dietitian nutritionist who is responsible for procuring food and non-food dietary supplies performs what activities?

Receiving, purchasing, inventory control, storage

Which statement best describes the "U" component of the FOCUS-PDSA performance improvement model?

Recognize source of variation

Daily Values are nutrient standards derived from the Daily Reference Values and the

Reference Daily Intakes (RDIs)

Which of the following actions would likely be the result of systems thinking?

Reschedule kitchen staff to prepare more foods from scratch to meet customer expectations.

Which statement best describes the "A" component of the FADE performance improvement model?

Review data to better understand the current process

Which grouping of established USDA standards contains the correct relationship?

Round inspection stamp, wholesomeness, mandatory process

A handwashing station must be equipped with the following items:

Running hot and cold water, soap, single-use paper towels, waste container, and signage indicating that employees should wash their hands before returning to work. --> You don't need sanitizer

Which of the following is a secondary characteristic of culture?

SES

After defining the nutrition problem, which of the following is the correct sequence of steps a community nutritionist should follow in assessing the needs of the community?

Set the parameters of the assessment, collect data, analyze and interpret the data, share the findings, and set priorities.

An employee finds the job tasks to be too demanding. To enhance the employee's performance, which of the following solutions should a manager consider first?

Simplify tasks, lessen the work load, and reduce time pressures

Which agency enforces food safety in a restaurant?

State or local regulatory authority

T/F: Nanotechnology refers to any usage of or technological development at the atomic, molecular, or macromolecular range between 1 and 100 nanometers.

TRUE

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC)?

The CAC is funded by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The CAC develops international standards and codes to protect consumers. The Codex maintains a standard for labeling of prepackaged foods but the United States is not required by international law to abide by Codex standards

Upon quarterly audit, the accountant found an error: The beginning inventory for the month of January was overstated. How would this effect the cost of goods sold (COGS) and net income for the month of January?

The COGS for January would be more than it actually was, and the net income would be less than it actually was.

The Academy has published Standards of Practice (SOP) in Nutrition Care and Standards of Professional Performance (SOPP) for registered dietitian nutritionists and nutrition and dietetic technicians, registered. What is the difference between these two sets of standards?

The SOP in Nutrition Care are based on the four steps of the Nutrition Care Process and the SOPP are based on the six domains of professionalism.

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC)?

The United States is required by international law to abide by Codex standards.

Which of the following is true of the Academy's Standards of Practice in Nutrition Care?

They evolved following the granting of Medicare Medical Nutrition Therapy Benefit Provider Status to RDNs.

In classical management theory, the unity of command specifies that

each individual should be accountable to only one supervisor.

Which of the following social or economic trends is thought to have the most important consequences for future community nutrition practice?

The deteriorating global environmental indicators such as climate change, degradation of topsoil, and increased use of many chemical pollutants

Dietetics professionals may apply basic educational principles to program design. Which of the following is the best example of the application of consonance?

The dietetics professional explains and demonstrates proper procedures for portioning hot entrees for the tray line. Consonance: the fit between the program and the expected outcomes based on the objectives.

There are four National School Lunch Program (NSLP) menu planning options: NuMenus, Assisted NuMenus, Enhanced Food-Based, and Traditional Food-Based. When compared, there are many similarities as well as differences. Which of the following components is specific to the NuMenus planning option?

The school district must have computer hardware and USDA nutrient analysis software. NuMenus (Nutrient Standard Menu Planning) system requires the district to have and use computer hardware and USDA-approved nutrient analysis software to perform nutrition analysis of each week's menu. Assisted NuMenus nutrient analysis may be done by another school, a consultant, or a school food co-op. Computers are not required in the Enhanced Food-Based or Traditional Food-Based systems

Which of the following statements about patient-centered medical homes (PCMH) is true?

The team of providers changes as the health care needs differ

Which of the following is true regarding illness from seafood toxins like scombroid and ciguatera fish poisoning?

The toxin is not destroyed by proper cooking and freezing.

Which category of oral hyperglycemic medication would NOT be appropriate for a client with congestive heart failure?

Thiazolidinediones

When the diet is adequate in protein, the body can synthesize niacin from which amino acid?

Tryptophan 1 mg Niacin made from 60 mg tryptophan in the liver

Which of the following agencies oversees voluntary inspection and grading of fish and fish products?

US department of Commerce

The National School Lunch Program receives funding from the

USDA

What government agency's funding supports the National School Lunch Program?

USDA

Which agency would certify that a package of potato chips labeled "organic" is, in fact, organic?

USDA

Which federal department is responsible for administering and regulating the National Organic Program (NOP)?

USDA

Which of the following government agencies is responsible for setting the quality standards for fresh fruits and vegetables, meat, dairy, and eggs?

USDA

A foodservice director who has determined that ready-prepared production will occur in a new foodservice facility being built should then consider which of the following as the next step?

Visiting similar facilities to see equipment, workflow, and service

Which of the following would be considered an antecedent in the ABC framework used by behavioral scientists?

Watching a TV commercial advertising burgers

With regard to staff members having and consuming food and beverage items in patient care areas, Joint Commission standards

do not specifically address this issue

Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding the concept of weight bias?

Weight bias does not exist among registered dietitian nutritionists who often work with obese clients.

Which of the following lists of the side effects of contraceptive injections is accurate and complete?

Weight gain, increased blood levels of LDL-cholesterol and insulin, decreased blood levels of HDL-cholesterol, and decreased bone density

Which of the following are the correct CDC growth charts to use in a child care center for assessing the growth of a 6-year-old boy?

Weight-for-age and stature-for-age charts

Which of the following must be included on the program evaluation review technique (PERT) chart?

amount of time needed to complete an activity

Which enzyme is responsible for starch digestion?

amylase

According to the USDA, what is a penalty for falsely labeling a product as "organic"?

a civil fine up to $11,000

The term for a menu style that has all components of a meal priced individually is __________.

a la carte

Which of the following individuals would be LEAST likely to be at risk for vitamin B-12 deficiency?

a man taking baby aspirin

In which of the following circumstances does a product that was previously exempt from bearing a nutrition facts label lose this exemption?

a nutrition claim is made

One advantage of using a crossover design over a parallel design is

a reduction in variability. Crossover Study: uses same subjects for control and experimental group; has washout period

Retrogradation, which occurs in starches, can be defined as

a reforming of hydrogen bonds into crystalline regions as the starch paste is held.

To prevent backflow,

an air gap between the faucet and the flood rim of the sink should be created.

Nutrition informatics computer skills include the ability to

access and locate information in the Academy's online Nutrition Care Manual.

Which of the following is a current asset?

accounts achievable Current assets are those that are liquid or can easily be converted to cash

The tricarboxylic cycle begins with the conversion of pyruvate to

acetyl CoA

The LEARN guidelines provide a framework that dietetics practitioners can use to convey a culturally sensitive treatment plan. The "A" in LEARN stands for _____.

acknowledge

To prevent protein precipitation (curdling) when making cream of tomato soup

add acid to milk, not milk to acid

A consistent theme from the 2011 Dietetics Workforce Demand Study was that which of the following drives change for all areas of dietetics practice?

advances in technology

The dietitian has written the following objective: "The clients with high blood pressure who attend the six class sessions planned will accept the goal of following a reduced-salt diet." Which learning domain does this objective represent?

affective

Structure/function claims on the label of a dietary supplement might describe how a nutrient

affects normal body function

Interpretation of BMI for children is

age and sex specific

A client verbally attacks the registered dietitian nutritionist, indicating that weight loss expectations are unrealistic and no one could meet them. What defense mechanism is being exhibited?

aggression

Data reviewed for nutrition assessment is also reviewed during the following step:

all of the others

If the carbohydrate content of the diet is insufficient to meet the body's needs for energy, which of the following can be converted to glucose?

amino acids

To include formative evaluation in an instruction of breastfeeding techniques, the dietetics professional should _____.

ask participants several times during the class to share something that they have learned

A university operates food kiosks containing items that are purchased prepared and require minimal cooking before service. What name is given to this type of foodservice operation?

assembly serve

During which step in the Nutrition Care Process is it important to evaluate the patient's/client's status compared to specified criteria?

assessment

Which of the steps in the Nutrition Care Process is a systematic method for obtaining, verifying, and interpreting data needed to identify nutrition-related problems?

assessment

When using the andragogy theory and strategy of learning, the nutrition professional should _____

assist clients in identifying weight loss strategies that could work for them.

A deficiency of vitamin B-12 in older adults is most likely due to

atrophic gastritis

A foodservice operation has a 1.93 current ratio. This value indicates to creditors that the foodservice operation most likely will

be able to pay bills when do Current ratio = current assets/current liabilities. The resulting number indicates an organization's ability to meet current financial obligations, and therefore, is a measure of bill-paying ability

The dietetics professional has developed a weight-loss program that includes encouraging participants to reward themselves with treats such as new clothes, going to a movie, or spending more time in a favorite pastime after they have lost 5 pounds. The learning theory being applied is______.

behavioral

What is the KEY element in disciplining employees?

being consistent

Alcohol metabolism can cause decreased

beta-oxidation

The breakdown of fatty acids to yield acetyl-CoA is called

beta-oxidation

The inventory turnover rate for four establishments are as follows: The Green Café = 2, The Red Café = 4, The Blue Café = 6, and The Yellow Cafe = 3. Based on what you know about inventory turnover rate, which of these establishments is most likely to use a just-in-time purchasing system?

blue cafe The higher the inventory turnover rate, the less product held in storage and the more often deliveries are made to meet production needs. Just-in-time purchasing relies on minimum inventory and will therefore have a higher inventory turnover rate

Women with gestational diabetes typically require less carbohydrates at which meal, compared to the others?

breakfast

Which type of rice is whole-grain with only the outer hull removed?

brown

Fruits and vegetables that have not been blanched prior to freezing are more susceptible to which kind of deterioration?

browning

For the needs of infants born prematurely, human milk is deficient in

calcium and phosphorous

The FDA would be most likely to issue a Class I recall if:

canned green beans had been underprocessed.

Which would be added to a cola beverage as a natural colorant?

caramel

In foodservice operations, what is the most common recycled item?

cardboard

Which of the following is often added to fat-free chocolate milk as a stabilizer and thickener to improve mouthfeel?

carrageenan

Anthocyanin in turnips may change to a blue-black or red-brown color if heated excessively in which type of pan?

cast iron

Meals that are assembled in one location and transported to another location in the facility define which of the following foodservice systems?

centralized meal assembly

When reviewing 2 years of serial data on a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth chart, a pediatric patient is identified to be at risk on nutritional screening when experiencing a:

change in growth rate

Collaborative planning sessions to gain input from all who might be affected by a new kitchen design are called

charrettes

Which of the following is a physical link between safe water and dirty water, which can come from drains, sewers, or other wastewater sources?

cross-connection

When allergens are transferred from food containing an allergen to the food served to the customer, this is called

cross-contact NOT cross-contamination

To prevent deterioration of canned sauces, which should be used?

cross-linked starch

Which quick freezing process incorporates very low temperatures (-140°F) with liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide?

cryogenic freezing

Which USDA grades of beef are missing from this list: prime, canner, select, choice, utility, and commercial?

cutter, standard

Which of the following is a main component of continuous quality improvement (CQI)?

data collection

Which area in a kitchen usually has the least amount of light?

dry storage (10 foot candles)

Which ratio would be used to examine an establishment's ability to meet its long-term financial obligations and its financial leverage?

debt-to-assets

After reviewing the results of menu engineering, what is the best way to manage a puzzle?

decrease the items selling price Puzzle - high profitability, low popularity decrease selling price to encourage people to buy it

Altitude affects water bath canning processing times. This is due to the fact that as altitude increases, the temperature of boiling water _______ while processing time must be_____

decreased, lengthened

Rosa wants to plan a community nutrition program to encourage children ages 11-15 to consume healthier afterschool snacks. She has reviewed the results of the community needs assessment, defined program goals and objectives, and developed a program plan. Next, she should:

define management system

Quality in the foodservice system is

defined by the customer through his or her satisfaction.

In a community needs assessment report, the passage "...the southeast region of Essex County, including the adjoining municipalities of Kardon, Greenwalt, and Addison...," is an example of

definition of the community *NOT the target population

Calculating protein needs above 1.5 g/kg body weight in an elderly patient with stage III pressure ulcer and impaired renal function may cause

dehydration

A manager always defers to her workers to reach an agreement among themselves, then she adopts the majority decision. Her leadership style is

democratic

In addition to having demonstrated CDR's core competencies, all entry-level registered dietitian nutritionists must have _____.

demonstrated additional competencies for at least one emphasis area.

In which step in the HACCP plan can you identify where hazards can be prevented, eliminated, or reduced to safe levels?

determine critical control points

Which statement best describes the P component of the PDSA performance improvement model?

determine how changes will be implemented

After defining the nutritional problem while conducting a community needs assessment, what is your next step?

determine purpose of the needs assessment

Which statement best describes the "O" component of the FOCUS-PDSA performance improvement model?

develop a team F- identify process to be improved O- development and organization C-explain current process U- recognize sources of variation S-

The five principles of motivational interviewing are: express empathy, avoid arguments, roll with resistance, support self-efficacy, and _____.

develop discrepancy

he third step in developing one's professional portfolio to maintain status as an RDN or NDTR include _____

developing a learning plan that shows how the professional will meet established goals.

When using the Nutrition Care Process, what does the dietetics professional use to describe alterations in the patient's/client's nutritional status?

diagnosis

This emulsifier is manufactured by splitting a fatty acid off triacylglycerol molecules and is useful in frozen desserts, shortening, and margarine.

diglycerides Diglycerides are emulsifiers that are used in the food industry to improve texture, stability, volume, softness, aeration, homogenization, and shelf life.

What is ozone used for in food processing?

disinfecting and sanitizing

What is ozone used for in food processing?

effectively disinfecting and sanitizing

What word best describes doing things correctly or getting the most output from the least amount of input?

efficient

Which word best describes doing things correctly or getting the most output from the least amount of input?

efficient NOT effective bc that means "doing the right thing"

Which of the following is considered an output of a foodservice system?

employee satisfaction

Human relations theory of management stresses:

employee's needs

The Campinha-Bacote Model of Cultural Competence includes the interdependent constructs of cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skill, cultural desire, and cultural _____.

encounter

A patient with acute renal failure will have a higher need of _____ compared with a similar patient with optimal renal function?

energy

Having the same or similar outputs result from different inputs is called:

equifinality

Which of the following elements is part of the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) framework for health care quality?

equitable The IOM defines health care quality as care that is patient-centered, equitable (no disparities), timely, safe, effective, and efficient

The first step toward attaining cultural competence is for the dietetics professional to _____.

examine her personal background

Which is an example of upward communication in an organization?

exit interview

In what marketing lifestyle group are consumers categorized if they are young, impulsive, and seek variety, excitement, and risky activities?

experiencers

Which "leadership powers" tend to be related to subordinate satisfaction and performance?

expert, referent expert leadership powers are viewed as competent and those with referent leadership power are well-liked

In the ETHNIC model of culturally competent care, the "E" stands for _____.

explanation

Which of the following situations best describes why an older adult may become dehydrated?

fear of incontinence

The standards established by the FDA include standards of identity, standards of minimum quality, and standards of

fill

Which of the following financial terms includes accumulated depreciation?

fixed assets

ABC Hospital Food and Nutrition Department prepares and delivers meals to other health care operations in a large metropolitan area. Other hospital foodservices in the metropolitan area have recently begun offering meal delivery service. ABC Hospital modified its service to offer home meal replacements to the health care staff in addition to its other meal delivery service. ABC Hospital is using:

focus strategy Focus strategy: uses a cost leadership or differentiation strategy to target a specific, limited-size market niche

The practices and attitudes that influence an individual's food choices are known as

food habits

Joint Commission standards require that "nutritional assessments are conducted for patients not consistently reaching glucose targets." The intent of this standard is to identify if

food intake is creating blood glucose levels outside of the established glucose targets.

A community nutritionist can best elicit opinions as to why a particular nutrition program is not working by

forming a focus group

To characterize the principles of motion economy, what term should be added to the following list: simultaneous, symmetrical, natural, rhythmic?

habitual principles of motion economy, suggestions to improve the manual work in manufacturing and reduce fatigue and unnecessary movements by the worker, use human body motion patterns that should be developed for rhythmic and habitual performance

A child who consistently plots at the 5th percentile on the weight-for-length/stature Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth chart

has a thin body habitus.

The green radura indicates that a food

has been irradiated to lengthen shelf life.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts are appropriate for

healthy infants

When making omelets using induction—the use of electrical magnetic fields to excite the molecules of metal surfaces—you notice

heating is fast, even, and there is no flame.

What toxin is commonly linked to tuna, bonito, mackerel, and mahimahi?

histamine

When considering cow's milk versus human breastmilk, which of the following is true?

human milk has less protein

A 72-year-old woman with chronic heart failure and symptomatic edema who is on enteral feeding is treated with thiazide medication. What would you expect her labs to reveal as a result of this medication and its delivery method?

hypokalemia

The purpose of the nutrition diagnosis step in the Nutrition Care Process is to:

identify and label the nutrition problem. NOT identify medical diagnosis

If the community nutritionist questions whether the new educational activities provided for SNAP recipients are achieving the intended increase in fresh vegetable intake, the best approach would be to conduct a(n) ___________ evaluation.

impact

The usual purpose of summative evaluation is to_____.

improve the program's delivery and effectiveness Summative evaluation takes place during and following the implementation and is associated with more objective, quantitative methods

The best way to address the mortality rate associated with low-birthweight (LBW) and preterm infants is by:

improving birth wt of pre-term infants

In what era did manufacturers produce what could be made rather than what consumers wanted?

in the production era

For Chinese Americans, challenges to dietary compliance typically include which of the following?

inability to control portion sizes

Nutrition informatics:

includes any function/activity that combines information, nutrition, and technology.

The two financial statements primarily used by foodservice managers to analyze operational effectiveness are the

income statement and balance sheets balance sheet: list of assets, liabilities, and capital income statement: financial statement that shows all operating results for a desired time period

The objectives of patient-centered counseling for dietary change are to increase awareness of diet-related risks, provide nutrition knowledge, enhance skills to promote long-term changes in intake, and _____.

increase confidence for making dietary changes

Propionate is used in foods to:

increase shelf life by inhibiting mold

As the time span and/or distance between the finishing point of food production and service to the customer increases, the needs and costs associated with distribution systems and equipment for successful service to the customer

increases

What type of budget uses the existing budget as a base and projects changes for the ensuing year in relation to the current budget?

incremental

The Standards of Practice are structured to include the Standards, Rationales, Examples of Outcomes, and _____.

indicators

The dominant force in how a patient views health care is likely to be ______.

individual experience

Which of the following population groups of children does research show to have a higher prevalence of iron deficiency?

infants and adolescents

Nutrition informatics is the intersection of:

information, nutrition, technology

Freezing will:

inhibit bacterial growth

According to the Nutrition Care Process, if a client takes self-prescribed therapeutic doses of vitamin C, this information should be recorded in the _____ section of the Nutrition Diagnosis.

intake

To calculate food costs for a specific month, managers would add the costs of purchases to the value of the _________at the beginning of the month and then subtract the value of the _____at the end of the month.

inventory, inventory

Currently, which of the following nutrients is determined to be the most deficient among children and adolescents in the United States?

iron

During their peak growth spurt, adolescent males are at greatest risk for a deficiency of

iron

A 2-year-old child who drinks large quantities of milk and very little solid food is at risk for

iron deficiency anemia

Which of the following does not provide a significant source of vitamin D?

kale

Which of the following foods should a pregnant woman avoid?

king mackerel

The most important, fundamental key when menu planning is

knowing the audience NOT equipment or budget

When utilizing support personnel in the delivery of customer-centered care, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Standards of Professional Performance state that the registered dietitian nutritionist is expected to utilize support personnel in accordance with

law, regulations, and organization policies

Which term best describes the detailed arrangement of kitchen equipment, floor, and counter space?

layout

Public health policy is generally created by

legislators

Which "leadership powers" appear to be most important for compliance?

legitimate, expert AKA position in the organization and competence are leadership powers needed.

Irradiation of meat causes _____.

most harmful bacteria to be killed.

Which of the following is NOT an element of the chronic care model (CCM)?

motivation

Which of the following is NOT a main component of continuous quality improvement (CQI)?

multidisciplinary rounds

Theory Z is based on the premise that

mutual worker-employer loyalty

Choose the statement that best describes the function of copper.

necessary for hemoglobin formation

What have studies in the areas of literacy and special education shown about the use of drawings vs. photographs?

neither is necessarily more effective than the other

Interpersonal communication models encourage dietetics practitioners to respond in certain ways. Which of the following approaches best describes the preferred response ?

neutral rather than emphatic

Which classic vitamin deficiency is known for the four Ds: dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea, and death?

niacin

Which of the following must be served in combination with a meat/meat alternate in order to meet the full meat/meat alternate requirement for a reimbursable school lunch?

nuts everything else can be used as a meat alternate except nuts can only be used as half

The 2007 Expert Committee Recommendations for the Prevention, Assessment, Treatment, and Recommendations for Pediatric Childhood and Adolescent Obesity defines BMI greater than the 95th percentile as:

obese

The oils that contain predominantly monounsaturated fatty acids include

olive oil & canola oil

The premise of the economic order of quality (EOQ) is to achieve cost balance based on the following assumptions:

ordering costs decrease at a greater rate as size of order increases, and holding costs increase in direct relation to the size of the order. DOWN ordering costs = UP size of order = UP holding costs

Strategic management of a foodservice system means:

organization and environmental analysis to achieve goals.

Which of the following is not a quality measure of eggs?

ounces per egg

What term is used to indicate the monetary value of a property or business beyond any amounts owed?

owner's equity

The reaction H2 --> 2H+ + 2e- represents:

oxidation 1/2 O2 + 2 e- + 2H+ --> H2O (reduction)

Which of the following would be covered by the FDA's gluten-free labeling rule?

packaged seafood FDA's gluten-free labeling rule covers packaged food, including supplements, intended for human consumption that fall under the labeling jurisdiction of the FDA. It does not cover foods regulated by the USDA (including processed egg products, poultry, and meat), alcoholic beverages regulated by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, cosmetics, or medications.

Successful family-based group intervention programs that target reducing overweight in school-age children include:

parent training, dietary counseling/nutrition education/physical activity counseling, and behavioral counseling.

Overeating and poorer self-regulation of energy intake in preschool-age children is associated with:

parents assuming control of food portions and coercing children to eat.

What is another name for high-pressure processing?

pascalization Pascalization or high-pressure processing: method of preserving and sterilizing food; product is processed under very high pressure, leading to the inactivation of certain microorganisms and enzymes in the food.

Medical anthropologists have developed Exploratory Models that address five major concerns about an illness episode. These models address: etiology, time and mode of onset of symptoms, course of sickness, treatment, and ___.

pathophysiology

Of the following foods, which can be safely processed in a boiling water canner?

pears acidic fruits and vegetables can be canned in boiling water but the others have to be done in pressure canner

Which pectic substance found in mature fruits loses its ability to form a gel?

pectinic acid As fruit ripens, there is maximum protopectin present; thereafter, it breaks down to pectin, pectinic acid, and, finally, pectic acid

What method is used when you log in and out movement from the store room?

perpetual inventory

Refeeding syndrome is characterized by low serum concentrations of

phosphorus, potassium, magnesium.

Which inventory record is usually taken at the end of the month by counting and recording products in stock in all storage areas?

physical

The major function of management is:

planning

Cultural competence has been described as a set of congruent attitudes, behaviors, and _____.

policies

A group that is organized for the purpose of raising and spending money to elect or defeat political candidates is called a(n)

political action committee

________________ describes the linking together of free fatty acids during frying, which makes the oil more viscous and prone to foaming.

polymerization

Which of the following food items are not identified by quality grading?

pork chops

Management by objectives refers to a management process which employs:

precise, measurable goals

Inadequate weight gain and a low-birth-weight infant are of concern in which population?

pregnant adolescents

ACEND requires dietetics education programs to offer an emphasis area in order to _____.

prepare each entry-level RD to begin to develop the depth necessary for future proficiency in that area of dietetics practice

Home canning is a very popular method of food preservation. To ensure safe foods, appropriate canning methods must be used. Which of the following is the safe and recommended method for canning foods above pH 4.5?

pressure canning

The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) enables the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to better protect public health because it allows FDA to now focus more on

preventing food safety problems

Dietetic students finishing supervised practice should be able to utilize food and nutrition management systems, work with electronic health records, and

print client educational materials

In the Nutrition Care Process, the Nutrition Diagnoses should be _____during Nutrition Intervention.

prioritized

Which would be used to analyze tray line accuracy?

process control chart

In conducting a value analysis, the production manager should bear in mind that all the following are true EXCEPT:

product improvements are always cost effective

The Standards of Professional Performance for dietetics practitioners includes which of the following?

professional accountability

What measures the ability of an organization to generate excess income in relation to sales?

profitability

What ratio measures the ability of an organization to generate excess income in relation to sales?

profitability

The purpose of registration for dietitians and dietetic technicians is to _____.

protect the nutritional health, safety, and welfare of the public.

Julia is a 10-year-old fifth grader with ADHD who takes Adderall. Her BMI-for-age is less than the 5th percentile. The most appropriate nutrition intervention for her is to:

provide high kcal bedtime snack

If the tool that the dietitian is using to measure food intake is reliable, it means that the tool _____.

provides consistent and accurate results each time it is used

Which of the following techniques offers the least constructive information to someone being disciplined?

providing advice

What name is given to the purchasing document that is completed by the buyer and given to the supplier?

purchase order

If raw and ready-to-eat products must be stored in the same refrigerator, how would the items be stored correctly?

raw fish place above raw poultry

A medical center produces and chills menu items until heated for serving. What name is given to this type of foodservice operation?

ready prepared

What type of foodservice operation is sous vide?

ready prepared

Which of the following verbs is the best choice when writing a performance objective?

recommend NOT know, appreciate, understand Performance must be measurable

A manager who encourages qualified people to apply for existing or anticipated job openings is performing what act?

recruitment

One of the primary goals of WIC food supplements is

reducing or preventing iron deficiency anemia in infants and children.

Which one of the following foods should be avoided in treatment of gout?

regular soft drinks

When using a nutrient database to calculate nutrient data for a recipe, a "blank" associated with a nutrient generally means

reliable data have not been collected.

If there is an increase in input and output, productivity will:

remain constant

Which is the first document used in the purchasing process?

requisition

Which of the following is NOT a source of bias in a clinical trial?

response bias

Leading questions are thought to be inappropriate because they_____.

reveal the bias of the interviewer.

What type of learning experiences should the dietetics professional provide in order to maximize the clients' accomplishment of learning outcomes?

role play situation

Which of the following fats/oils have the highest smoke point, making it ideal for high heat cooking?

safflower

The foodborne illness often associated with poultry, egg products, and produce that has an onset of 6 to 48 hours, causing abdominal pain, headache, nausea, vomiting, fever, and diarrhea is

salmonella

Freezing is both a simple and successful method of food preservation. To ensure high quality results, it is recommended to keep salt content of prepared foods to a minimum. The reason for this is _____.

salt accelerates rancidity of fats within the food

This type of menu provides two or more choices for each category of food offered.

selective menu

During a snowstorm, the assistant cook (AC) can't get to work. The person working in the "salads" position is unable to take over all AC responsibilities but is somewhat confident and willing to assist the head cook in preparing items on the daily production schedule. To be most effective, which leadership style should the foodservice manager use?

selling Hershey, Blanchard, and Johnson's leadership effectiveness model indicates that when the salad person has low to moderate readiness (R2), the manager needs to use selling leadership style (S2).

If 100 patients with a disease are tested but only 96 test positive for the disease, that means the test has a ________ of 96%.

sensitivity

If an emulsion like mayonnaise is heated, what deterioration is most likely to occur?

separation of water and oil

ne of a teacher's functions in andragogy is to_____.

serve as facilitator

When functioning as the foodservice buyer, which practice would be acceptable?

serving as the legal agent for the organization

The distinction between a franchise quick service restaurant (QSR) located in a shopping mall and the same franchise QSR located in a medical facility is that

the QSR in the hospital serves a secondary purpose while the QSR in the shopping mall serves as the primary purpose.

Carbon footprint, as related to sustainability, is a measure of:

the impact on the environment based on the amount of greenhouse gases generated.

Conflict between nursing personnel and food and nutrition personnel over responsibility of patient tray service occurs because

the interface between subsystems is often marked by tension.

A foodservice director using a systems approach to evaluate the effect of a new tray delivery service on the dishroom and the nurses' stations is considering

the internal and external environments

Irrespective of whether a substance is deemed to be GRAS or if its safety is established through a premarket approval process, the safety determination is always limited to

the substance's intended conditions of use.

The facility is planning a kitchen upgrade and the chef requests a number of pieces of equipment that would best allow for flexibility in menu item preparation methods. Soups, stews, and pasta dishes are very popular menu items. The concern is that there is limited space to work with. Which of the following pieces of equipment would best serve the facility in terms of functionality and space?

tilting skillet tilting skillet: meets a broad range of cooking needs (i.e.soups, stews, and pasta, as well as serves as a fryer, griddle, oven, and hot holding)

If a food manufacturer wanted to include an additive to color the glaze white, which would be best?

titanium dioxide

Which set of nutrients and/or food components are associated with the formation of cataracts in older adults?

vit C, vit E, carotenoids

Older adults are more vulnerable to toxicity of

vitamin A

A patient presents with lesions on his gums and pinpoint hemorrhages on his skin. What vitamin is this patient most likely deficient in?

vitamin C

Which nutrient is most affected by food processing?

vitamins

One of the key features of andragogy is that adults _____.

want learning relevant to their needs

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth chart that is used to determine if a child is underweight or overweight plots

weight for stature

CDR's Essential Practice Competencies specify what every registered dietitian nutritionist should be able to do _____.

when completing a supervised practice experience.

In which of the following situations does Joint Commission require the performance of a nutritional assessment or screen?

when warranted by patient's needs/condition

Which of the following examples of a snack provided at a child care center would meet reimbursement guidelines and comply with USDA regulations for Child and Adult Care Food Program meals?

whole grain crackers and peanut butter

As a manager, you were instructed to prepare a budget without relying on the figures from previous years. This is known as a

zero-based budget

Which of the following nutrients is essential for growth and sexual maturation in adolescents?

zinc

A menu style that has all components of a meal priced individually is known as

à la carte