RE Exam Prep: Contract law Subtopic

Desmond has a signed listing agreement with his clients, the Harpers. In exchange for helping the Harpers list, market, and sell their home, the Harpers have agreed to pay Desmond a commission. What type of contract do Desmond and the Harpers have? a. Executed b. Mutual c. Bilateral d. Unilateral

c. Bilateral A contract involving two parties who both make a promise to the other party in exchange for consideration is a bilateral contract.

Breanna signs a contract offering to purchase Kathy's home for $150,000. Kathy replies, "No way," but offers to sell it to her for $200,000. Breanna agrees to these terms and they add their signatures. Which of the following statements is correct? a. The contract is valid, but unenforceable. b. The contract is invalid. c. Breanna accepted the offer Kathy made. d. Kathy accepted the offer Breanna made.

c. Breanna accepted the offer Kathy made. Kathy's offer to sell the home is a counter offer, and when Breanna agrees to the terms of the counter, it constitutes acceptance.

Kendra made an offer on Sam's property. Sam rejected Kendra's offer, but made a counter-offer. Kendra is now considering the counter. What is Kendra in this scenario? a. Executor b. Offeror c. Offeree d. Trustor

c. Offeree The correct answer deals with offers, so Kendra is either an offeror or an offeree. The person considering the offer is the offeree, so that's Kendra's role now that Same made a counter-offer.

Which offer would be the most appealing to a seller? a. An all-cash offer $15,000 over list price, closing in two weeks. b. An offer $10,000 over list price, contingent upon appraisal and inspection, conventional financing with 20% down, closing in 30 days. c. A full-price offer waiving inspection, conventional financing with 20% down, closing in 45 days. d. It depends on the needs and motivations of the seller.

d. It depends on the needs and motivations of the seller. The first principle of evaluating multiple offers is this: The appeal of any offer comes down to the seller's needs and motivations.

Jerry and Simon signed a contract so that Jerry could purchase all of Simon's restaurant equipment for one price after Simon closes his restaurant next month. The contract contains a provision that states Jerry has one year from the purchase date to file a suit relative to the purchase. After the year is up, Jerry forfeits the right. What kind of contract clause is this? a. Specific time b. Statute of limitations c. Time is of the essence d. Time of performance

Statute of limitations is the only one that's a traditional contract clause, and it basically gives a date by which all performance must be completed or the party forfeits any legal rights.

Kenneth enters into a contract to sell his home to Valerie, who puts down a $5,000 earnest money deposit. At the last minute, Valerie backs out of the deal. Kenneth keeps the earnest deposit. This is an example of ______. a. Accepting liquidated damages b. Accepting partial performance c. Suing for damages d. Suing for specific performance

a. Accepting liquidated damages All of the answer options are actual remedies to breach of contract, so you just have to determine which one applies in this situation. Options C and D aren't correct because Kenneth isn't filing a lawsuit. Liquidated damages provide a specific compensation amount in the event of a breach. That's the correct answer.

Camille, a buyer, wants to change the price already agreed to in a sales contract. She should use a(n) ______. a. New contract b. Amendment c. Addendum d. Bill of sale

b. Amendment An amendment changes existing contract terms. Once signed by both parties it becomes part of the contract, with the same legal weight as the original contract. The remaining terms in the original contract remain the same.

Tristan's offer has been signed by all parties and delivered back to the seller. This means that ______ has occurred. a. Acceptance b. Binding acceptance c. Personal delivery d. Notarization

b. Binding acceptance Binding acceptance happens when a signed contract is delivered according to the delivery procedures and deadline outlined in the contract.

Jerry and Lewis have entered into a sales contract. They're about three weeks into the transaction, with several terms of the agreement yet to be met. What type of contract do Jerry and Lewis have? a. Unilateral b. Executory c. Option D. Executed

b. Executory A sales contract is a bilateral contract, with the seller agreeing to convey property upon the completion of all contract terms, and the buyer agreeing to pay the seller upon completion of all contract terms. This makes option A incorrect. An option contract is one in which one party has the option to purchase or lease another property if the owner decides to sell (or rent) it. Jerry and Lewis have entered into a standard sales contract, not an option contract, making option C incorrect. Once Jerry and Lewis have completed all terms, the contract will be considered executed, but until those contract terms have been completed, the contract is in an executory status, making option D incorrect and option B correct.

What happens to an initial offer from the buyer after a seller counters? a. It becomes the back-up offer. b. It's no longer in play. c. It's accepted by the seller until the buyer accepts the counter. d. Sellers cannot counter a buyer's initial offer.

b. It's no longer in play. If a seller (or buyer, for that matter) wants to counter an offer, it should be related to a significant term because it essentially takes the original offer out of play. A counter-offer is NOT a seller's way of saying "I will accept your offer if you don't accept my counter." A counter cancels the original offer.

Seller Gina feels awful that Martha, who was going to buy Gina's property, lost her job. Gina decides to ______ Martha from her obligation to pay earnest money, so that money is returned to Martha. a. Rescind b. Release c. Reform d. Assign

b. Release Rescission is when both parties mutually agree that it makes sense to terminate the contract. Release is when one party wants out and the other agrees to release that party from any obligations. That's what's happening in this scenario.

You're explaining to your client that using electronic documents and signatures simplifies the homebuying process. Your client is skeptical about these signatures. You describe the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA) and tell your client that ______. a. UETA provides a guarantee that electronic signatures will hold up in court b. UETA gives electronic signatures the legal weight to override any existing "wet" signatures c. UETA requires states to permit electronic signatures on all real estate-related documents d. State laws take precedence over UETA

d. State laws take precedence over UETA The UETA is an attempt to standardize acceptance of electronic documents and signatures, but state laws govern the use of these electronic items, and will take precedence of the UETA.

Katelyn really wants to include an inspection contingency in her purchase offer. Her agent explains that the inspection contingency only documents which of the following? a. How much money the sellers will spend on fixing inspection issues b. The inspector who Katelyn will use c. Whether Katelyn will ignore some of the inspection issues d. The date by which all inspection issues must be addressed

d. The date by which all inspection issues must be addressed An inspection contingency is a way of signaling to the seller that if the inspector finds property condition issues, the buyer may require the sellers to fix those issues or may even terminate the contract. The one thing that the inspection contingency must do is document the date prior to closing by which all inspection issues must be fixed.

Gail was supposed to close on her new home by the end of May, but she kept asking the sellers if they could push the closing back. Even after the summer was over the transaction still hadn't closed. Gail was guilty of not adhering to which aspect of the contract? a. Assignment b. Novation c. Reasonable time d. Time is of the essence

d. Time is of the essence Reasonable time is what parties are supposed to adhere to if a date hasn't been specified in the contract. But Gail's contract mentioned the end of May, so that isn't the case. "Time is of the essence" means that the parties will proceed without delay. Gail is delaying, so she's guilty of violating the time is of the essence aspect of the contract.