reading assignment ch 10 #1
If the temperature is 0oF and the wind speed is 50 mph, how long would it take to get frostbite? 10 minutes 5 minutes 30 minutes 50 minutes
30 minutes
Which form of atmospheric lifting is most likely to cause a line of severe thunderstorms? Orographic lifting Convectional lifting Frontal lifting
Frontal lifting
Why is lightning more common over the land than it is over the ocean? Electrical currents at the surface of the ocean prevent the buildup of charge imbalances in the atmosphere. The land warms up faster than the ocean, causing more heating and thunderstorm-producing convection upwelling. The greater fiction between the air and surface on land produces more atmospheric instability. Power lines and other electrical structures on land cause the separation of protons and electrons needed to cause lightning.
The land warms up faster than the ocean, causing more heating and thunderstorm-producing convection upwelling.
What are the conditions needed to form a hailstorm? Updrafts created by tornadoes Upper-level freezing with strong temperature contrasts Limited moisture as compared to most thunderstorms A large thunderstorm with strong updrafts
Upper-level freezing with strong temperature contrasts A large thunderstorm with strong updrafts
What is the first stage of treatment for hypothermia? Exposure to ultraviolet light Warm the extremities such as arms and legs. Ingestion of a 6 to 7% alcohol solution (e.g., beer) Warm the core of the body.
Warm the core of the body.
Which of the following accurately describe the Wind Chill Chart? It lists the amount of calories needed to maintain homeostasis when skin is exposed to wind at a given speed. Wind speeds in the chart are measured at face level. It states the apparent temperature felt on exposed skin at a given wind speed. It lists the time, in minutes, skin can be safely exposed to wind at a given temperature.
Wind speeds in the chart are measured at face level. It states the apparent temperature felt on exposed skin at a given wind speed. It lists the time, in minutes, skin can be safely exposed to wind at a given temperature.
Which of the following best summarizes the impact of rain delivered by thunderstorms? There is almost no impact at all from the rain in thunderstorms since it rarely makes it all the way to the ground before evaporating. Although the rain brought by thunderstorms can cause destruction, it is also an important source of water in many areas. The rain delivered by thunderstorms only causes problems; it does not deliver enough water to be useful. Rain delivered by thunderstorms is useful and almost never causes any problems itself.
Although the rain brought by thunderstorms can cause destruction, it is also an important source of water in many areas.
How can cities create their own regional thunderstorms? City pools and rooftop gardens provide the moisture needed that would not otherwise be there to power a thunderstorm. The ozone produced from car exhaust is pulled up into the ozone layer, creating a updraft of air behind it. City structures absorb sunlight and radiated heat, warming the air and starting the updraft needed to generate a thunderstorm.
City structures absorb sunlight and radiated heat, warming the air and starting the updraft needed to generate a thunderstorm.
What causes hyperthermia in the human body? Exposure to direct sunlight at high altitudes Prolonged exposure to high heat that overwhelms the ability of the body to cool via perspiration Exposure to ultraviolet radiation without the use of a sunscreen Prolonged exposure to high humidity that adds heat to the surface of the skin as water forms on it
Prolonged exposure to high heat that overwhelms the ability of the body to cool via perspiration
The most common and least destructive type of thunderstorm is called a(n) ______ thunderstorm. These storms commonly occur late in the afternoon in the midlatitudes when surface heating causes air to rise. convection-driven conduction-draft heat-core air-mass
air-mass
What is the best step you can take to reduce your chance of being struck by lightning? Hold empty batteries or other electric objects that can absorb a charge. Pick up pieces of wood, preferably without the bark on them. When you hear thunder, go indoors. Drink lots of water or other cool fluids if water is not available.
When you hear thunder, go indoors.
Match the form of precipitation to how it forms after snow develops in clouds. 1. rain 2. freezing rain 3. sleet 4. snow ___ snow melts before hitting the ground ___ snow falls, melts, and refreezes once it hits the ground ___ snow falls and remains frozen as it hits the ground ___ snow falls, melts, and freezes into ice particles before hitting the ground
1 2 4 3
Match the form of atmospheric lifting to its description. 1. Convectional lifting 2. Frontal lifting 3. Orographic lifting ___ colliding air masses force air to rise ___ air masses are forced up and over mountains or other topographic obstructions to wind ___ air heated near the ground rises vertically due to buoyancy
2 3 1
Match the thunderstorm stage to its description. 1. early stage 2. mature stage 3. dissipating stage ___ downdrafts and light rain without strong updrafts ___ rising cumulus clouds with heavy rains ___ rising cumulus clouds without heavy rains
3 2 1
Order the steps in the development of a thunderstorm. Place the first step at the top. ___ latent heat further fuels the thunderstorm and the severe weather it produces ___ warm, moist air is heated near the surface of earth ___ condensation occurs and latent heat is released ___ rising air cools adiabatically through the lifting condensation level
4 1 3 2
What conditions can result in the development of thunderstorms? A large heat input from the latent heat released as condensation occurs A large temperature difference between underlying warmer air and overriding cooler air A lapse rate that is small. Dry air at the surface rapidly rising and cooling
A large heat input from the latent heat released as condensation occurs A large temperature difference between underlying warmer air and overriding cooler air
What is an ice storm? A storm that delivers large volumes of freezing rain that coats trees, roofs, and other surfaces. The rapid melting and refreezing of ground snow that occurs if a high-pressure system follows after a blizzard. The rapid cooling and freezing at the Earth's surface that occurs as high-altitude winds bring extremely cold air down. A thunderstorm that delivers so much hail the ground becomes covered in ice.
A storm that delivers large volumes of freezing rain that coats trees, roofs, and other surfaces.
Why does lake-effect snow occur? Evaporating water releases heat, which forces air to rise and reach 100% relative humidity. Air traveling over a large stretch of open water (fetch) absorbs moisture from the surface. Cold water in lakes cools moist air, causing snow to form by the time the air mass reaches land. Saturated air moving over a colder land surface from the water cools and slows as it drops snow.
Air traveling over a large stretch of open water (fetch) absorbs moisture from the surface. Saturated air moving over a colder land surface from the water cools and slows as it drops snow.
Select all the following conditions that would result in a thunderstorm being classified as being severe. Latent heat is released by condensing water vapor. A tornado is reported. Rain exceeds 3.3 cm/hour (1.3 in/hour). Hail is 25 mm (1 in) diameter or larger. Winds exceed 50 knots (93 km/hr or 58 mph).
A tornado is reported. Hail is 25 mm (1 in) diameter or larger. Winds exceed 50 knots (93 km/hr or 58 mph).
Why does warm, moist air start to uplift in the initial stages of thunderstorm development? Air maybe aided in its rise or forced to rise by ground topography, convergence, or frontal lifting. Tidal forces between the Earth and Moon pull the lower atmosphere up during full and new moons. Heating of the lower atmosphere from below causes it to warm and rise. Conserved rotational velocity from the Earth rotation causes air to spin upwards.
Air maybe aided in its rise or forced to rise by ground topography, convergence, or frontal lifting. Heating of the lower atmosphere from below causes it to warm and rise.
In which of the following locations are severe thunderstorms commonly found? At high latitudes, where the average surface albedo is high At the collision of weather-system fronts In the center of high-pressure systems On the leeward side of mountains, where air is rapidly descending
At the collision of weather-system fronts
In which of the following locations are severe thunderstorms commonly found? At the collision of weather-system fronts In the center of high-pressure systems At high latitudes, where the average surface albedo is high On the leeward side of mountains, where air is rapidly descending
At the collision of weather-system fronts
Which of the following are common ways in which winter storms kill people? Automobile accidents Slipping and falling on ice Heart attacks from shoveling snow Hyperthermia caused by overdressing Freezing to death
Automobile accidents Slipping and falling on ice Heart attacks from shoveling snow Freezing to death
How does cold lead to hypothermia? Cold causes infrared radiation at wavelengths just shorter than visible light, which then causes rapid cooling and hypothermia. Cold weather prevents evaporation of sweat at the skin and robs the body of a major source of heat by doing so. Cold weather directly slows the rate at which fuel stored in our cells can be converted to heat. Exposure to cold can lower core body temperature to the point where hypothermia sets in.
Exposure to cold can lower core body temperature to the point where hypothermia sets in.
Which of the following conditions must be met to classify a storm as a blizzard? A winter storm that moves faster than the wind in it Falling or blowing snow reducing visibility to less than 400 m (0.25 mi) for at least three hours Cold winds blowing at least 56 km/hr (35 mph) A temperature drop that occurs faster than the dry adiabatic cooling rate
Falling or blowing snow reducing visibility to less than 400 m (0.25 mi) for at least three hours Cold winds blowing at least 56 km/hr (35 mph)
Which of the following conditions must be met to classify a storm as a blizzard? Falling or blowing snow reducing visibility to less than 400 m (0.25 mi) for at least three hours A temperature drop that occurs faster than the dry adiabatic cooling rate A winter storm that moves faster than the wind in it Cold winds blowing at least 56 km/hr (35 mph)
Falling or blowing snow reducing visibility to less than 400 m (0.25 mi) for at least three hours Cold winds blowing at least 56 km/hr (35 mph)
What problems are known to be caused by heat waves in Europe and Asia? Increased earthquake activity as permafrost thaws Fires caused as vegetation dies and dries out Worsening air pollution Heat-related deaths
Fires caused as vegetation dies and dries out Worsening air pollution Heat-related deaths
What hazard might develop as a result of a blizzard? Rapid global warming as the average surface albedo is lowered. Earthquakes may occur as the weight of snow causes subsidence and tectonic settling. Flooding in the following days if rapid warming develops. Tornadoes become more common as friction between the wind and surface of the Earth is reduced with snow and ice cover.
Flooding in the following days if rapid warming develops.
Which of the following accurately describe the distribution of thunderstorms of the United States? Thunderstorms are fairly evenly distributed over the lower 48 states. Florida has the most thunderstorms. Thunderstorms are common in the central and southern United States. The northwest coast of the United States has the most thunderstorms.
Florida has the most thunderstorms. Thunderstorms are common in the central and southern United States.
Which of the following are steps to take if you hear thunder but cannot get indoors? Get inside an automobile, but avoid metal surfaces in it. Put headphones in your ears to protect them. Hide under a tall tree or other outdoor objects. Move to the lowest place outside that is unlikely to flood.
Get inside an automobile, but avoid metal surfaces in it. Move to the lowest place outside that is unlikely to flood.
Which of the following explain the distribution of hail in the United States? Hail is prevalent in the midcontinent because the necessary cold upper-level air is common. Hail is uncommon in Florida because the cold upper-level winds needed are not common. Hail is common in Florida because airborne sea salt helps to raise the freezing point of water. Hail is absent from thunderstorms in the upper Midwest because any hail that does form is pulled into the polar-front jet stream.
Hail is prevalent in the midcontinent because the necessary cold upper-level air is common. Hail is uncommon in Florida because the cold upper-level winds needed are not common.
Which of the following explain the distribution of hail in the United States? Hail is uncommon in Florida because the cold upper-level winds needed are not common. Hail is common in Florida because airborne sea salt helps to raise the freezing point of water. Hail is prevalent in the midcontinent because the necessary cold upper-level air is common. Hail is absent from thunderstorms in the upper Midwest because any hail that does form is pulled into the polar-front jet stream.
Hail is uncommon in Florida because the cold upper-level winds needed are not common. Hail is prevalent in the midcontinent because the necessary cold upper-level air is common.
Which of the following are warning signs for heat-related problems in the human body? High body temperature Dry skin and rapid or slow pulse Cancerous growths on the skin Mental confusion
High body temperature Dry skin and rapid or slow pulse Mental confusion
Which of the following could cause the formation of derecho winds? A cyclone moves across lines of latitude so fast that the Coriolis effect bends the curving winds and makes them straight. A high-pressure system overrides a low-pressure system and flattens it out, forcing the formation of strong straight-line winds. Hot, humid air drawn into a thunderstorm releases energy, causing air to flow down from the cloud mass. Geostropic winds blowing in opposite directions meet as two low-pressure systems collide.
Hot, humid air drawn into a thunderstorm releases energy, causing air to flow down from the cloud mass.
Which of the following could cause the formation of derecho winds? Geostropic winds blowing in opposite directions meet as two low-pressure systems collide. Hot, humid air drawn into a thunderstorm releases energy, causing air to flow down from the cloud mass. A cyclone moves across lines of latitude so fast that the Coriolis effect bends the curving winds and makes them straight. A high-pressure system overrides a low-pressure system and flattens it out, forcing the formation of strong straight-line winds.
Hot, humid air drawn into a thunderstorm releases energy, causing air to flow down from the cloud mass.
How do cities contribute to heat waves? The large-scale use of air conditioners raises the heat outside as warm indoor air is pushed outside. Tall buildings block the upper-scale movements of warm air, forcing it downward and into the lower portion of the city. Human-made structures absorb more heat during the day than natural objects and release it at night. The high albedo of buildings and pavement causes more sunlight to be reflected back up to further heat the lower atmosphere.
Human-made structures absorb more heat during the day than natural objects and release it at night.
Which of the following contribute to making deadly heat waves? High winds Humid conditions High-pressure systems Low-pressure systems High minimum temperatures at night
Humid conditions High-pressure systems High minimum temperatures at night
Which of the following accurately describe derechos? In the United States, they mostly occur in middle and eastern states. They mostly are caused by individual air-mass thunderstorms. They commonly extend along a line of at least 400 km (250 mi) long. In the United States, they are most common during a two-week period around the winter solstice.
In the United States, they mostly occur in middle and eastern states. They commonly extend along a line of at least 400 km (250 mi) long.
Which of the following accurately explain the distribution of thunderstorms in the United States? In the west-central United States, warm, moist air comes in contact with warm, dry, desert air, and the moist air is pushed upward. Thunderstorms are common in Florida because warm air masses from the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico converge there and are forced upward. In the central and southern United States, thunderstorms are produced as dry air from the west increases rates of evaporation in lakes and streams. In the upper Midwest, strong tornadoes produce regional updrafts, which produce air-mass thunderstorms.
In the west-central United States, warm, moist air comes in contact with warm, dry, desert air, and the moist air is pushed upward. Thunderstorms are common in Florida because warm air masses from the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico converge there and are forced upward.
Which of the following are warning signs for hypothermia? Joint pain Incoherence Painful vomiting Slurred speech Uncontrollable shivering Apparent exhaustion
Incoherence Slurred speech Uncontrollable shivering Apparent exhaustion
What is the impact of the Balcones Escarpment on the weather in Texas? It causes the rapid dissipation of thunderstorms as they move up and over it. Intense storms moving east to west in the area are forced to reverse course and flow back in the direction from which they came. It causes the formation of intense thunderstorms as wind blowing at right angles to it is forced upward. The escapement acts as a wind tunnel and is able to force the formation of tornadoes without the development of thunderstorms.
It causes the formation of intense thunderstorms as wind blowing at right angles to it is forced upward.
Which statement below accurately describes the intensity of rainfall in central Texas? It receives some of the most intense precipitation over short time periods in the world. Central Texas receives what has been defined as a rainfall intensity of 1, the average rainfall intensity in a thunderstorm. It almost exclusively receives low-intensity rainfall from the remains of storms that occurred in New Mexico or Colorado.
It receives some of the most intense precipitation over short time periods in the world.
The tornado that touched down in ____, Missouri, on 22 May 2011 stayed on the ground for 38 minutes covering 22 miles with top speeds over 200 mph.
Joplin
Which of the following are hazards associated with thunderstorms? Lightning High-speed winds Rapid freezing Heavy rains Earthquakes Flash floods
Lightning High-speed winds Heavy rains Flash floods
What causes thunder? After lightning strikes, a void is created in the atmosphere, and the sound we hear as thunder is wind rushing to fill this void. Lightning very quickly heats the air around it, causing rapid expansion and then contraction, which sends out the pressure waves we hear as thunder. Lightning strikes send out a large pulse of electromagnetic energy with wavelengths in the sound range. Objects impacted by lightning typically explode, and that causes the sound we hear as thunder.
Lightning very quickly heats the air around it, causing rapid expansion and then contraction, which sends out the pressure waves we hear as thunder.
Which of the following groups of people are most at risk from hypothermia? People who have light skin pigmentation. People who are outside, including the homeless and those engaging in winter recreation. People who were born at low latitudes but are now living at high latitudes. Populations that are deficient in vitamin B-12.
People who are outside, including the homeless and those engaging in winter recreation.
What is the weather event known as a derecho? Powerful straight-line winds that last a few hours An updraft of wind strong enough to eject hailstones kilometers out and away from the core of a thunderstorm Strongly rotating winds that fall just short of the wind speeds needed for tornado classification Cold-weather events that drop air from great altitudes to ground level too quickly for it to warm above freezing
Powerful straight-line winds that last a few hours
What happens in the dissipation stage of a thunderstorm that causes it to end? Tornadoes form and spin the energy of the storm outward from its core until there is not enough energy to maintain the storm. Precipitation falls into the core of the thunderstorm's updraft, causing downdraft of cool air that removes energy source that drives the storm. The energy released by latent heat reaches a critical point and causes an outward wind that blows the thunderstorm apart. Convection lifting starts to take over from orographic lifting and provides less energy to the storm.
Precipitation falls into the core of the thunderstorm's updraft, causing downdraft of cool air that removes energy source that drives the storm.
Why does lake-effect snow occur? Saturated air moving over a colder land surface from the water cools and slows as it drops snow. Air traveling over a large stretch of open water (fetch) absorbs moisture from the surface. Cold water in lakes cools moist air, causing snow to form by the time the air mass reaches land. Evaporating water releases heat, which forces air to rise and reach 100% relative humidity.
Saturated air moving over a colder land surface from the water cools and slows as it drops snow. Air traveling over a large stretch of open water (fetch) absorbs moisture from the surface.
Which of the following natural disasters kills the most people per year in the United States? Volcanoes Earthquakes Mass movements Severe weather
Severe weather
______ forms when falling rain refreezes in the atmosphere, and ______ forms when falling rain freezes on contact with the ground. Snow; hail Sleet; freezing rain Snow; sleet Freezing rain; snow
Sleet; freezing rain
Which of the following storm systems has a mesocyclone? Single-cell thunderstorms Super-cell thunderstorms Both single- and super-cell thunderstorms
Super-cell thunderstorms
Why does lightning occur in thunderstorms? Thunderstorms create a vortex in which electrons from the Sun are funneled together before striking the ground. Layers of dry air in thunder clouds prevent the flow of electrons and cause the buildup of electrical imbalances. Tall clouds can separate charged particles, creating an imbalance that is released by lightning.
Tall clouds can separate charged particles, creating an imbalance that is released by lightning.
What happens in the mature stage of a thunderstorm that allows rain to start to fall? Clouds at the top of the storm absorb more solar radiation and evaporate. The release of latent heat weakens the updrafts as air is forced downward. Tornadoes remove the lower portion of the storm that was keeping the rain aloft. The amount of water vapor (or ice crystals) becomes too heavy to suspend via updrafts.
The amount of water vapor (or ice crystals) becomes too heavy to suspend via updrafts.
Which of the following areas are prone to lake-effect snow? The areas downwind of the Great Salt Lake, including the Wasatch Range The plains of Kansas and Nebraska The downwind southern shores of Lake Erie The upwind northern shores of Lake Superior
The areas downwind of the Great Salt Lake, including the Wasatch Range The downwind southern shores of Lake Erie
Which of the conditions below would likely produce the most intense winter storm (e.g., "the storm of the century")? The collision of three high-pressure zones over an inland sea or large body of water. Two large low-pressure systems that bring cold and relative dry air together. The intersection of a low-pressure cold air mass with two moist low-pressure air masses. A single large low-pressure system moving from land to the ocean.
The intersection of a low-pressure cold air mass with two moist low-pressure air masses.
What set of conditions can lead to a deadly heat wave? The presence of an upper-level ridge of high pressure sitting on top of a slow-moving, hot, humid air mass at the surface A frontal system arrives that has a high air-pressure gradient and relatively dry, hot air. The presence of a powerful low-pressure system sitting on top of a thin but warm air mass near the surface
The presence of an upper-level ridge of high pressure sitting on top of a slow-moving, hot, humid air mass at the surface
Which of the following are important steps in the development of a thunderstorm? The release of latent heat as condensation occurs The heating and rising of warm and humid air near the surface A raising of the air pressure as cold upper-level air descends and warms The scattering and reflection of the majority of the incoming solar radiation
The release of latent heat as condensation occurs The heating and rising of warm and humid air near the surface
Which of the following statements accurately relates the radius of circulation in a storm to its rate of rotation? The larger the axis of rotation, the higher the velocity of the wind. The smaller the axis of rotation, the higher the velocity of the wind. Intermediate-sized axises of rotation produce the highest wind velocities.
The smaller the axis of rotation, the higher the velocity of the wind.
How can a supercell thunderstorm generate tornadoes, rain, hail, and lightning all at the same time? The supercell generates products (e.g., rain, hail) in rapidly repeating cycles, making them appear to be generated at the same time. The supercell is tilted by complex internal movements of air, allowing different processes to occur side-by-side. Supercells are able to carry tornadoes, lightning, and other products aloft and combine them later when the energy is released. Supercells can generate many atmospheric conditions at the same time only by absorbing air-mass thunderstorms.
The supercell is tilted by complex internal movements of air, allowing different processes to occur side-by-side.
What is the effect when cool downdrafts start to overwhelm the updrafts in a thunderstorm? Condensation starts to occur, and the first droplets of water or ice crystals start to form. The thunderstorm becomes even more powerful as latent heat is absorbed. The thunderstorm becomes self-sustaining as downdrafts start to recharge the power behind the updrafts. The thunderstorm starts a self-extinguishing stage as the source of fuel (i.e., updrafts) is cut off.
The thunderstorm starts a self-extinguishing stage as the source of fuel (i.e., updrafts) is cut off.
Select all of the true statements regarding the tornado event that occurred on May 22, 2011, in Joplin, Missouri. The tornado was large, powerful, and traveled along the ground for many kilometers. High winds associated with the tornado caused people to die from hypothermia. There was no official tornado warning before the tornado struck Joplin. It killed over 100 people and is ranked as one of the deadliest in U.S. history.
The tornado was large, powerful, and traveled along the ground for many kilometers. It killed over 100 people and is ranked as one of the deadliest in U.S. history.
Which of the following accurately describe atmospheric conditions in a supercell thunderstorm? There is spiraling column of air rotating around a vertical updraft axis. Supercells develop over a smaller geographic area than air-mass thunderstorms. They contain rotation known as a mesocyclone. Tornadoes commonly occur at their leading edges and hail in their trailing portions.
There is spiraling column of air rotating around a vertical updraft axis. They contain rotation known as a mesocyclone.
Which of the following accurately describes the economic impact of severe weather? Severe weather only causes an economic impact in countries with weak building codes. The economic damage from severe weather is moderate and only costs more than a million dollars about once every 10 years (on average). There were many severe weather events between 1980 and 2010 that caused over a billion dollars of damage each. Although severe weather kills, it causes little economic damage.
There were many severe weather events between 1980 and 2010 that caused over a billion dollars of damage each.
What is the projection for the frequency of heat waves in the near future? No change is predicted in the frequency of heat waves as they are a natural phenomenon. They are expected to increase in frequency as the climate continues to warm and cities grow in size. They are expected to decline in frequency as global warming results in stronger upper-level winds.
They are expected to increase in frequency as the climate continues to warm and cities grow in size.
Which of the following statements about nor'easters are true? They are low-pressure systems that combine warm, moist air and cold rain to form heavy precipitation. They are high-pressure systems that force moisture-laden air down so quickly that rapid snowfall occurs. They occur in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada.
They are low-pressure systems that combine warm, moist air and cold rain to form heavy precipitation. They occur in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada.
Which of the following accurately describe thunderstorms? They are tall, buoyant cumulus clouds of rising, moist air. They commonly cause rain, gusty winds, and sometime hail. They commonly cause snow, high pressure, and rapid evaporation of surface waters. They are wide, falling cirrus clouds of cold but warming air.
They are tall, buoyant cumulus clouds of rising, moist air. They commonly cause rain, gusty winds, and sometime hail.
Which of the following statements accurately describe air-mass thunderstorms? They are the least destructive type of thunderstorm. They occur locally rather than in a line at fronts. They only form in the tropics. They do not last long. They occur less often than supercell thunderstorms.
They are the least destructive type of thunderstorm. They occur locally rather than in a line at fronts. They do not last long.
Which of the following statements about nor'easters are true? They occur in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. They are low-pressure systems that combine warm, moist air and cold rain to form heavy precipitation. They are high-pressure systems that force moisture-laden air down so quickly that rapid snowfall occurs.
They occur in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. They are low-pressure systems that combine warm, moist air and cold rain to form heavy precipitation.
Which meteorological event listed below can produce hail? High-pressure systems Derechos Tornadoes Thunderstorms
Thunderstorms
Which weather event is an important source of rain in many areas? Tornadoes High-pressure systems Geostrophic winds Thunderstorms
Thunderstorms
What is the first stage of treatment for hypothermia? Warm the extremities such as arms and legs. Ingestion of a 6 to 7% alcohol solution (e.g., beer) Exposure to ultraviolet light Warm the core of the body.
Warm the core of the body.
What conditions cause central Texas to receive some of the most intense precipitation events in the world? Warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico meets hot, dry air from the west, and the air is then forced upward by an escarpment. Cold air flowing out of the mountains in Mexico meets the warm, moist air moving south from the Plains states and is forced upward. Large oil refining operations create strong updrafts as they release heat into the environment. The polar-front jet stream often dips to lower altitudes over Texas, causing strong wind current eddies and updrafts.
Warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico meets hot, dry air from the west, and the air is then forced upward by an escarpment.
The most common and least destructive type of thunderstorm is called a(n) ______ thunderstorm. These storms commonly occur late in the afternoon in the midlatitudes when surface heating causes air to rise. heat-core air-mass convection-driven conduction-draft
air-mass
What is the difference between single-cell (air-mass) thunderstorms and supercell thunderstorms? Single-cell thunderstorms ______. produce rain but no hail, whereas supercells produce hail are caused by updrafts, whereas super cells are caused by downdrafts are powered by low pressure, whereas supercells are powered by high pressure are dominated by vertical updrafts, whereas supercells have their updrafts tilted due to wind shear
are dominated by vertical updrafts, whereas supercells have their updrafts tilted due to wind shear
A winter storm that blows cold wind at least 56 km/hr and has falling or blowing snow that reduces visibility to less than 400 m for at least three hours is classified as a(n) ______. blizzard La Niña cyclone typhoon
blizzard
The energy released as water vapor condenses in thunderstorms can cause the formation of ______ winds if it forces air to flow down a fast-moving mass of clouds. monsoon derecho Santa Ana El Niño
derecho
Hailstorms are not common in the western United States because the air is too ____.
dry
True or false? The number of costly weather events has stayed relatively the same from 1980 to 2017.
false
True or false? The only real danger posed by winter storms is freezing to death.
false
True or false? The number of costly weather events has stayed relatively the same from 1980 to 2017.
false
The smaller the radius of a cyclonic storm, i.e, thunderstorm, the ____ the rotation.
faster
Rapid warming following a blizzard may create ____, worsening the damage.
floods
As shown on this photo, lake effect snow is common on the upwind side of the ____ ____.
great lakes
It is likely that more people will be affected by ____ waves in the future, as population continues to grow and climate is changing.
heat
Storms that bring large volumes of freezing rain are specifically referred to as ____ storms.
ice
The frequency of costly weather events is ______. increasing decreasing not changing
increasing
As cold Arctic air moves across a large body of water, it is warmed by the water and the water adds moisture to the air as it evaporates. However, once the air mass reaches the land, it will cool again and may drop lots of ______ snow. latent-induced evaporation-provoked lake-effect basin-caused
lake-effect
The imbalance in electrical charges created in thunderstorms is balanced by ____.
lightning
When you see heavy rains coming from cumulus clouds, you are witnessing the ______ stage of a thunderstorm. mature early dissipating
mature
Which of the following statements is true with regard to the distribution of lightning? Lightning is ______. Multiple choice question. more common at lower longitudes than it is at higher longitudes fairly evenly distributed over the land and oceans more common over the ocean than it is on land more common over land than the ocean
more common over land than the ocean
Storms that move northward along the eastern shore of North America during winter may produce heavy snowfalls by combining cold Arctic air with warm, moist air coming in from the ocean. These storms are known as ______. nor'easters ENSO derechos anticyclones
nor'easters
Some of the world's most intense precipitation occurs in the United States in central _____.
texas
Heat waves across Europe and Asia are similar to those in the United States in that ______. most deaths occur in the first few days of the heat wave they are caused by solar flares that occur during summer months they are caused by a persistent atmospheric high-pressure system they are caused by warm pools of ocean water arriving in nearby coastal regions
they are caused by a persistent atmospheric high-pressure system
The "storm of the century" occurred in March 1993 in the northeastern U.S. when ____ different air masses collided.
three
Lightning causes the surrounding air to expand explosively creating ____.
thunder
Hailstorms are created in _____ with strong updrafts and air layers of different temperatures.
thunderstorms
