Reading Pedagogy- Literacy Concepts

Which of the following best demonstrates the abilities of an early reader?

A reader selects a new story and can successfully decode new words and read sight words on most pages.

Which of the following is a way that electronic readers can improve reading engagement among reluctant readers?

increased and timely access to books of a variety of topics and genres

Which of the following descriptions best describes the linguistic term language acquisition?

learning a first or second language as a process, either piece by piece, or through a total immersive experience

Which of the following is not an example of one of the phases of word recognition?

post-alphabetic stage

While riding along in the car, a child sees a familiar building and marquee and calls out the name of the restaurant. Which stage of word recognition is this student in?

pre-alphabetic

To continuously enhance early literacy skills, a kindergarten teacher would:

provide numerous oral readings with emphasis on certain words while pointing to those words. play "Word vs. Letter" games in print form. utilize playdough letters or have students trace letters with their fingers, then give the sound of the letter.

Pragmatics is:

the study of language in its use.

A teacher provides her students with a list of word pairs where one word is spelled correctly and the other option is spelled phonetically. For example, "tough" and "touff." Students are asked to select which word is correct. In order for students to successfully choose the correct spelling, they would most likely need to be in which stage of spelling development?

transitional

A second-grade student writes the following sentence on the board: "My dog nose triks and is my best freind, but my sister prefers our pet cat." Which of the following does the student's sentence best demonstrate?

transitional spelling

A teacher notices that while she is presenting new information, a handful of students are not actively listening. In order to encourage active listening in all students, a teacher should set all of the following expectations except which?

Students can doodle or play with a fidget toy during presentations as needed to remain quiet and focused.

Which of the following most accurately describes the full alphabetic stage?

Students have full working knowledge of the alphabet and use letter-sound correspondence to decode words.

Which of the following most accurately describes the pre-alphabetic stage?

Students have no working knowledge of the alphabetic system.

Which of the following most accurately describes the partial alphabetic stage?

Students have some knowledge of the alphabet and may combine it with context clues to read.

As students move through the process of reading development, what best demonstrates that they have moved from the Emergent Level to the Early Reading Level?

Students know all letters and are beginning to write and read a few words.

Which of the following statements describes an emergent reader?

The student knows some of the letters of the alphabet and recognizes common words in the community.

Listening activities are extremely helpful in students' literacy development. Which one of these activities is inappropriate for emergent readers to do as a follow-up activity after a listening experience?

a writing activity in which students paraphrase the story

A child reads the following sentence out loud: I like to spend time with my cat. The student fluently reads all of the words except "spend." When he arrives at that word, he sounds out "s-p-e-n-d." As the student continues to read aloud, the teacher observes that he recognizes many of the sight words he encounters, but stops to sound out many unfamiliar words. What stage of word recognition best describes the current skills of this student?

full alphabetic stage

A student who can read with accuracy and expression is in which stage of literacy development?

fluent reader

Which of the following ideas is supported by current research on emergent literacy?

Emergent literacy skills begin developing prior to formal schooling.

Which of the following activities would be most effective in practicing a student's receptive language skills?

Have students read along with the transcript of an audio clip they are listening to.

A second-grade teacher is conscious of balancing opportunities for her students to use expressive and receptive language. Today, she will begin class with a read aloud of a book about an owl. She will use this text to tie into a science lesson about habitats. Which of the following elements can the teacher add to incorporate the students' use of expressive language?

Have students work with a partner to make a list of everything they know about owls.

Based on common standards for early readers, an intervention is most appropriate for students who have which of the following difficulties?

distinguishing between letters and words

A student in which category of reading proficiency would rely heavily on illustrations to decode new words?

emergent reader

A group of second-grade students has moved from the full alphabetic phase to the consolidated alphabetic phase. To help students read words accurately in this new phase, the teacher should focus on which of the following?

helping students take their knowledge of grapheme-phoneme blends and use them to read larger units of language

Which of the following is not a strategy for building early literacy skills?

hold a pencil correctly

A student is able to distinguish the structure and form of words. This level of language development is called

morphology

Mr. Jameson notices that one of his English learners almost always adds the suffix "ion" when he wants to change a word to a noun, often resulting in made-up words. This student could use some extra practice with:

morphology.

Amanda is a first-grade student learning to read and is practicing the following words in her reading this week: (slide, hate, pine, crime, lane, nope) After learning these words, Amanda is able to read the words "slime," "fate," and "rode" simply by visually recognizing the pattern. Which of the following best describes the processing system that Amanda is using to apply her learning to the new words?

orthographic

With on-going instruction, teachers expand student understanding of spelling rules and how they apply to various words. Through this process, they are deepening their understanding of which linguistic concept?

orthography

The smallest individual sounds in a word are called:

phonemes.

Which of the following stages of spelling development is primarily characterized by letter-sound correspondence?

phonetic

The following represents a writing sample from a first-grade student: The pezzu was cold and cuvrd with veges so I did not want to et it for dinr. My mom was mad and sed I cud go to bed with nuthing. This student would best fit into which of the following levels of spelling development?

phonetic spelling

The following sentence was written by a kindergarten student. I am betr at soker than mi frend. Which of the following best describes this student's stage of spelling development?

phonetic spelling