Reading Quiz 4

Which of the following will cause the most damage when it hits a wall? (EK = ½ x mass x velocity2)

A 0.5 kg ball moving at 40 m/s (88 mph)

Heightened temporal lobe activity in the brain may be responsible for a variety of unusual or paranormal experiences.

False

If someone passes a polygraph test, you can be virtually certain that they were telling the truth because these devices are very reliable.

False

The phenomenon of 'missing time' is very rare and has been experienced only by abductees.

False

This is equal to mass x acceleration

Force

John wanted to become the strongest guy in school and so he lifted weights every day. One day, he added 50 pounds to the stack of weights and tried to lift it - but couldn't. Instead, he injured his back. How much work did John do on the barbell loaded with weights?

John didn't do any work

Assume Joaquin and Trevian weigh the same amount (110 pounds). Joaquin ran to the top of the bleachers in 7 seconds, whereas Trevian took 6.2 seconds to reach the top. What is true of the amount of power they expended? (power = work/time

Trevian expended more power than Joaquin.

Evidence indicates that the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation is the electromagnetic radiation left over from the formation of the universe.

True

The directionality in nature; i.e., the tendency of ordered systems to become disordered, is ultimately the result of the motion of atoms and molecules.

True

The fundamental basis for the idea of astrology was that heavenly bodies controlled the occurrence of the seasons and therefore, they could control human affairs.

True

UFO sightings have been found to increase on the dates when seismic activity occurred.

True

A supernova occurs when:

a massive star collapses and then explodes violently

The actual brightness of a star is directly related to the/its:

amount of energy it is producing

Gold, copper, aluminum, and carbon are:

elements

The more distant a galaxy, the ______:

faster it is receding

Vast collections of stars, planets, gas, and dust moving together through space are known as:

galaxies

When a car is braked to a stop, its kinetic energy is converted to

heat

John is an inventor and he recently claimed that he had developed a perpetual motion device. This is a device that, once set in motion, will remain in motion because all of internal energy supply is converted into useful work. John's claim:

is impossible due to the Second Law of Thermodynamics (entropy/disorder increases with time; i.e., waste heat is always produced and results in a loss of energy available to do work)

Atoms heavier than hydrogen were made by:

nuclear fusion

According to science, our personality is determined by:

our genes our environment

Which two particles in an atom have equal, but opposite, electrical charges?

protons and electrons

Which of these particle sets comprise the nucleus of most atoms?

protons and neutrons

The iron in your blood and the gold in a filling in a tooth, as well as all elements heavier than hydrogen and some helium, were produced by:

stars

Brownian Motion provided evidence that:

that atoms exist

The concept of the atom (the smallest unit of matter) was first developed by:

the Greeks (ca. 400 BC)

Most of the motion of galaxies associated with the expansion of the universe is the result of:

the expansion of space in which galaxies are embedded

Which of the following supports the Big Bang theory?

the expansion of the universe the cosmic microwave background radiation and one more

We have good reasons for rejecting the claims of astrology because:

there is no experimental evidence to support it there are many versions of astrology and they are inconsistent with one another and therefore subjective the claims of astrology contradict well-established principles of physics and biology

Bohr showed that:

when electrons shift from one electron shell to another, they emit a specific amount of energy - quanta of energy electrons move from one shell to another, without crossing the space in-between, in a process he called a quantum jump

Saint Augustine rejected astrology:

when he learned of two twins, one of which became a slave and the other an aristocrat