Real Estate Course Level 3

Area of a triangle

1/2 x Base x Height = Sq. ft.

Cubic

1 cubic yard = 27 cubic feet

Quiz Level 3 5,280 linear feet

1 linear mile = ?

Other Units of Measurement

1 section = 1 square mile = 640 acres 1 township = 36 sections = 36 square miles

Square area

1 sq. yard = 9 sq. ft. 1 acre = 43,560 sq.ft. 1 sq. mile = 640 acres

Linear

1 yard = 3 feet 1 mile = 5,280 feet

Square Yards

1 yard = 3 feet 1 square yard = 9 square feet 3 squared (3 x 3) = 9

a) 1 Township = 36 sections b) 1 Section = 640 acres (a square mile) c) 1 Acre = 43,560 square feet d) 1 Mile = 5280 linear feet

1 ____ = 640 acres (a square mile) 1 ____ = 5,280 linear feet 1 ____ = 36 sections 1 ____ = 43,560 square feet

Measuring Acres

1 acre = 43,560 square feet

Quiz Level 3 a) All choices are correct.

A legal description of a property is important because: a) All choices are correct b) It can be used by courts to clarify any disputes about the property that may arise. c) Sales contracts must contain a legal description. d) It identifies the property in a manner so specific that it cannot be mistaken for another.

Vertical Land Description

A ____ ____ ____ is most commonly used when air rights and subsurface rights need specific explication. ____ ____ ____ can help when determining air rights, water rights, and subsurface rights. This is also the method for expressing condominium ownership boundaries.

Block

A collection of lots.

Legal Description

A deed is only valid if it includes a legal description of the property being conveyed. The description cannot just be an address, it must be described in a way that you can't confuse it with another. These descriptions can be used by courts to clarify any disputes about the property that may arise. That means that a sales contract must contain a legal property description that uniquely identifies the property involved in the transaction.

Plat

A drawing of a development used in the block and lot method.

Quiz Level 3 c) 2,975 sq. feet

A home measures 80 feet by 40 feet. The garage is 15 feet by 15 feet. What is the total livable area of the home? a) 3,200 sq. feet b) 2,225 sq.feet c) 2,975 sq. feet d) 2,750 sq. feet

The importance of the Legal Description of a property Double Checking yourself before double wrecking yourself

A listing agent can compare the seller's original deed or title policy to see exactly what the seller owns. If there are discrepancies or if the seller has made significant changes like selling a portion of the property, a new survey is needed. A buyer's agent can compare the contract with the tax rolls for legal descriptions and owner's names. If there is any any question about the legal description, the buyer's agent should encourage the buyer to ask for a new survey. Both agents need to check the names and legal descriptions in the title commitment.

Quiz Level 3 1/2 x 62 (ft.) x 90 (ft.) = 2,790 (sq. ft.) b) 2,790 sq. ft.

A lot is in the shape of a right triangle. The base of the triangle is 62' and the height is 90'. What is the area of the lot? a) 290 sq. ft. b) 2,790 sq. ft. c) 3,790 sq. ft. d) 2,190 sq. ft.

Range

A measure of the distance east or west from a referenced principal meridian, in units of six miles.

Baseline

A parallel of latitude, referenced to and established from a designated initial point, upon which all rectangular surveys in a defined area are based.

Parcel

A part or portion of land; often used to identify a specific lot within a larger tract of property.

Quiz Level 3 d) A drawing of a development

A plat is: a) A part of land; often used to identify a specific lot within a larger tract of property. b) An individual piece of land measured and defined by the metes and bounds system. c) A collection of lots. d) A drawing of a development.

Quiz Level 3 a) 3,000 cubic feet

A room is 20 feet long by 15 feet wide and 10 feet high. What is the volume of this room? a) 3,000 cubic feet b) 300 square feet c) 3,000 square feet d) 300 cubic feet

Plat Approval

After the plat is complete, the developer must submit it to the proper authorities for approval. Once approved, the plat is filed in the recorder's office of the county in which the property is located. From there, the public will be able to access the plats in officially recorded map books.

Quiz Level 3 a) From the point of beginning, the surveyor's path always moves in a counterclockwise direction around a parcel of land. (because it not always does move in a clockwise direction)

All of the following statements about Metes and Bounds are true except: a) From the point of beginning, the surveyor's path always moves in a counterclockwise direction around a parcel of land. b) Bounds are the compass directions used in creating the boundaries that enclose a parcel of real estate. c) Metes refers to the distance measurements used in the description. d) The surveyor starts at the point of beginning, which is an established starting point, often located on a road.

Calculating: Square footage

All you need to calculate ____ ____ is with Length and Width. Length X Width = ___ ___

Contour Map

Also called a topographic map, is a map in which curved lines (contour lines) connect contiguous parts of equal elevation to define the contours of the land. These maps help developers to get a clear picture of terrain and elevation for a given parcel.

Quiz Level 3 b) rectangular survey system

Also called the "government survey system" a) metes and bounds b) rectangular survey system c) block and lot d) fleets and hounds

Rectangular Survey System ch.2

Also called the government survey system. It involves a surveyed grid of meridians, base lines, townships, and ranges to describe a piece of land. Today, more land in the United States is defined by the rectangular survey system than by any other method.

Quiz Level 3 b) block and lot

Also called the recorded plat method Pinpoints properties in reference to a plat map Describes land in terms of sections, blocks, and lots An example might be: Lot A, Block 2 of Sunny Brook, Happy County, Michigan a) fleets and hounds b) block and lot c) metes and bounds d) rectangular survey system

Quiz Level 3 d) block and lot

Also called the recorded plat method. a) fleets and hounds b) metes and bounds c) rectangular survey system d) block and lot

Quiz Level 3 b) block and lot

An example might be: Lot A, Block 2 of Sunny Brook, Happy County, Michigan. a) fleets and hounds b) block and lot c) metes and bounds d) rectangular survey system

Quiz Level 3 d) metes and bounds

An example would include the phrase: "Beginning at the intersection of the north boundary of Red St. and the east boundary of Blue Rd. a) block and lot b) fleets and hounds c) rectangular survey system d) metes and bounds

Section

Approximately one-square-mile blocks of land (640 acres); there are 36 sections in a survey township. _____ can then be divided into halves (320 acres) and quarters (160 acres). Those halves and quarters can then be halved and quartered again. Remember: each 36-square-mile township is then divided into 36 individual square mile areas (or 640 acre areas) called ____

NOTE: Never calculate the square footage of a property Always look for and cite a source for sq. ft. like Zillow.

As a license holder never calculate sq. ft. of a property for a buyer or anyone because you can get into trouble if you do it wrong. it is more complicated that just multiplying length by width. And you can be liable for misrepresentation.

Calculating price per square foot Step 1) Find the house's total square footage. Step 2) Find the house's asking price. Step 3) Divide the house's asking price by the house's total square footage. Step 4) Celebrate!

Asking price ÷ Total square ft. = Price per sq. ft.

Quiz Level 3 270 sq. ft. ÷ 9 = 30 d) 30

Ben his wants to carpet his bedroom. He measures it as 270 square feet. When he gets to the carpet store, he finds that they sell carpet by the square yard. How many square yards is Ben's room? a) 90 b) 810 c) none of these d) 30

Quiz Level 3 b) rectangular survey system

Depends on longitude and latitude mapping a) metes and bounds b) rectangular survey system c) block and lot d) fleets and hounds

Quiz Level 3 b) block and lot

Describes land in terms of sections, blocks, and lots. a) metes and bounds b) block and lot c) fleets and hounds d) rectangular survey system

Quiz Level 3 b) rectangular survey system

Divides land into 36-square mile townships a) metes and bounds b) rectangular survey system c) block and lot d) fleets and hounds

Quiz Level 3 b) rectangular survey system

Divides land into 36-square mile townships Depends on longitude and latitude mapping Also called the "government survey system" a) fleets and hounds b) rectangular survey system c) block and lot d) metes and bounds

Formula 1/2 x base (ft.) x height (ft.) = Area (sq. ft.) 1/2 x 54 ft. x 80 ft. = 2,160 sq. ft. The area is 2,160 sq. ft.

Find the area of a triangle with a base of 54 and a height of 80. remember the formula?

Benchmarks and Elevation

From the datum, benchmarks are placed at regular intervals. Recall from earlier in this level that benchmarks are markers placed by the USGS to officially designate a location's elevation in relation to sea level. The surveyor will "shoot a line" from the benchmark to the subject property (connect the two points to assess where they are in relation to each other) and then measure the elevation relative to the benchmark.

Monument

Historically, things called ____ were used as points of beginning or markers for this system. ____ are fixed landmarks, either natural or human-made. Natural ____ can include things like streams, large boulders or trees. Today's surveyors still use natural monuments, but many prefer the precision of human-made markers like stakes placed in the ground.

Quiz Level 3 c) 640 acres

How many acres are in one square mile? a) 460 acres b) 360 acres c) 640 acres d) 36 acres

Quiz Level 3 640

How many acres are there in each square mile (section) in a township? a) 560 b) 240 c) 640 d) 460

Quiz Level 3 d) 43,560 square feet

How many square feet are in an acre? a) 63,540 square feet b) 40,300 square feet c) 5,280 square feet d) 43,560 square feet

Square mile = 27,878,400 square feet

If 5,280 feet make a mile then 5280 ft by 5280 ft make a

Point of beginning (POB)

In a metes-and-bounds legal description, the starting point of the survey, situated in one corner of the parcel; all metes-and-bounds descriptions must follow the boundaries of the parcel back to the point of beginning.

Range line

In a rectangular survey system, ____ ____ run parallel to the principle meridian, running north and south. ____ ____ are spaced six miles apart from one another. The area of land between two consecutive ____ ____ are called ranges, which are six miles wide. Ranges are numbered consecutively east and west from their respective principle meridians.

Datum

In order to describe the height of a property, a surveyor will use a ____, which is the designated base reference point from which elevation is measured. From a ____, a measurement moves upward or downward on a horizontal plane, creating standard heights of depths. A ____ base point is established by sea level. Just think of a ____ like a very large ruler (a ruler for giants, perhaps) that extends upward and downward. The heights or depths are referenced to denote locations in space.

Lot

Individual piece of land measured and defined by the metes and bounds system.

Block and Lot Survey Process

Interestingly, the ____ and ____ system uses metes and bounds within the larger system. Once the surveyor has established the property's perimeter, they can record the dimensions on a plat, also known as a plat map or subdivision plat map. A plat is a detailed map that notes the property lines dividing individual lots in a particular tract. The plat is then divided into blocks and lots with numbers or letters assigned by the developer.

Quiz Level 3 Step 1) identify the lands square footage. (152,460 sq.ft) Step 2) Divide by 43,560 feet. so, 152,460/43,560 = (3.5 acres) Answer: the land is 3.5 acres.

Jane, a prospective home buyer, is interested in purchasing 1314 Wagon Wheel Circle. The survey says that the property's lot size dimensions are 484 ft. x 315 ft. How many acres is the lot?

Condominiums and Elevation

Just like any other real property, condos require a valid legal description on the deed. However, with condos, it works a little bit differently. A description of a condominium will have to contain a vertical elevation for where the floor and ceiling are, since the condo owners have the air space as their own.

Converting square yards into square feet and vice versa Example:

Kelly measures her lawn as 2,500 square feet. But when she arrives at the lawn store, she realizes that the synthetic grass is only sold by the square yard. Since Kelly knows 1 square yard = 9 square feet, she can perform a simple conversion: 2,500 sq.feet ÷ 9 = 277.78 sq yards

Converting Square Feet into Square Yards Example:

Kelly measures her lawn in square yards because the only measurement tool she has in her house is a yard stick for some reason. She shows up at the Lawn store with a measurement of 277.78 square yards, only to find that the synthetic grass is sold by the square foot. She must simply multiply the square yard measurement by 9: 277.78 sq. yards x 9 = 2,500 sq.feet

Parallel

Latitude lines, called ____, run east to west, parallel to the equator.

1) (X) Acres = 20 Acres 2) 43,560 sq. ft. per acre x 20 acres = (871,200) sq. ft

Lets say we want to solve N 1/2 of SW 1/4 of NE 1/4 To find the acreage we would need to multiply the following: 640 acres x 1/2 x 1/4 x 1/4 = (X) Acres We could solve it using decimals or fractions. 1) 640 acres ÷ 2 ÷ 4 ÷ 4 = (X) Acres If you need to find the square footage of that same area, you would just need to multiply the acreage by 43,560 (the square footage of an acre, remember?). 2) 43,560 sq. ft. per acre X 20 acres = (X) sq. ft.

Metes and Bounds Example (Legal Description)

METES AND BOUNDS LEGAL DESCRIPTION: A parcel of land located in Murfield, Franklin County, Ohio, is described as follows: Beginning at the intersection of the north boundary of Muirfield Drive and the east boundary of Brand Road; then proceed due north along the east line of Brand Road 120 feet, more or less, to its intersection with the center line of Dublin Creek; then proceeding northeasterly 72 degrees along the center line of Dublin Creek 408 feet, more or less, to the oak tree; then due south 200 feet, more or less, to the U.S.G.S. benchmark; then proceeding due west along the northern boundary of Muirfield Drive 400 feet, more or less, returning to the point of beginning.

Quiz Level 3 a) metes and bounds

Moves in a clockwise direction, describing land in feet, degrees, minutes, and seconds. a) metes and bounds b) rectangular survey system c) block and lot d) fleets and hounds

Quiz Level 3 c) block and lot

Pinpoints properties in reference to a plat map. a) metes and bounds b) fleets and hounds c) block and lot d) rectangular survey system

Township lines and range columns

Range columns run parallel to meridians and create six-mile ranges, and township lines run parallel to baselines and create six-mile tiers. So what happens when a six-mile range intersects with a six-mile tier? Well you get a 36-square-mile area called a township. Because 6 miles * 6 miles = 36 square smiles

Range Columns

Run parallel to meridians, and township lines run parallel to baselines, meaning east to west. They intersect to create 36 square-mile areas called townships.

Township lines

Run west and east, parallel to the baseline and, like range lines, are six miles apart from one another. The areas of land that ____ ____ create are called tiers, which are six miles wide. Also known as a survey township; a square parcel of land of 36 square miles, or a measure of the distance north or south from a referenced baseline, in units of six miles.

Quiz Level 3 a) True

Square footage is used in real estate as a way to measure the size of a building. a) True b) False

Benchmark

Surveyors may also opt for using more permanent markers as reference points, such as ____, permanent markers of known location and elevation as established by a government survey team. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) or the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey (USCGS) have placed official ____ in most cities so that surveyors know the elevation of that mark. The ____ is usually mounted into a sidewalk or a street. It might say that the elevation of that spot is 82 feet above sea level. Of course, that number will change depending on where the ____ is set. The marker may be a simple object, like a metal pole, or it may be an elaborate, engraved brass disc placed in cement. ____ become extremely important if the survey is going to contain elevation marks on how much the subject property slopes. This is particularly true if the property has water frontage. But ____ aren't only used to indicate elevation. The locations of ____ are extremely accurate, usually to less than an inch. Because of the permanence and precision of ____, they are considered to be the most reliable reference points used by surveyors. Once a surveyor has determined which markers will be the most appropriate to draw the metes and bounds survey, they will need to determine the exact measurements of the direction in which to travel. For this, they use a handy-dandy compass.

Air Lots

That air space within a condominium - the area between the floor and ceiling - is a type of air lot, for which condo owners have air rights. Of course, it's very easy to measure the size of an air lot when it exists within a neatly closed space, as it does within a condominium. It's bound by the floor, ceiling and walls, after all. In order to describe an air lot above a parcel of land, you need two key pieces of information: 1) The location of the parcel of land where the air lot is believed to be. 2) The elevation (from the point of the datum) of where the air lot is thought to extend.

Quiz Level 3 160 Because 1/4=.25 you multiply 640 by .25, which = 160

The SE 1/4 of a section would measure how many acres? a) 320 b) 640 c) 160 d) 36

Tier

The areas of land that township lines create are called ____, which are six miles wide. Like ranges to meridians, ____ are numbered by their positions either north or south of the baseline. A measure of the distance north and south from a referenced principal baseline, in units of six miles.

Quiz Level 3 d) Recorded plat method

The block and lot survey system is also known as the: a) Tract and plat method b) Metes and bounds method c) Rectangular survey method d) Recorded plat method

Square footage

The most common measurement buyers are concerned about is the ____ ____. ____ ____ is a unit of area measurement, equal to 1 ft. by 1 ft. Buyers and sellers will often use ____ ____ as a way to compare the size of buildings.

Block and Lot System

The second system of surveying is the ____ and ____ system, or the recorded plat method (gotta keep things fresh!). It's a type of legal description that identifies a piece of platted property by referring to the section, lot, and block numbers in a subdivision. This is the most modern type of legal description. Understandably, it's well suited for cities and suburban communities. The ___ and ____ (recorded plat) system has a handful of terms that could get confusing. Here's a quick definition of each: Plat: A drawing of a development used in the ____ and ____ method. Parcel: A part or portion of land; often used to identify a specific lot within a larger tract of property. Lot: Individual piece of land measured and defined by the metes and bounds system. Block: A collection of lots. Tract: The totality of the property represented on a plat. Hot Tip: Keep in mind, this is called a "plat" and not a plot. A plot is what you get buried in (lol).

Metes and Bounds Survey Process

The surveyor starts at the point of beginning (POB), which is an established starting point, often located on a road, from which the description begins. Starting at the point of beginning (POB), the surveyor describes the next point as "X (number) of feet from the point of beginning" and specifies a particular direction, like north or south. (When a property is adjacent to a street or road, the surveyor will use the road frontage as their starting point.) The survey identifies subsequent points until the description leads back to the point of beginning (it will always end back at the point of beginning). This path of points typically moves in a clockwise direction from POB around a parcel of land, describing distances in feet and direction in degrees, minutes, and seconds.

Tract

The totality of the property represented on a plat.

Principle Meridian

There are also longitude lines that serve as ____ ____, and latitude lines that serve as baselines. ____ ____ and baselines are basically extra important meridians and parallels that have been designated for naming. There are 37 ____ ____ in total. Baselines run perpendicular to these ____ ____. When a baseline and a ____ ____ intersect, it creates an initial point that begins a township. A true meridian running through an initial point, which, together with the baseline, forms the highest level framework for all rectangular surveys in a given area.

Overview on metes and bounds, block and lot, rectangular survey system.

These methods may use existing legal descriptions or surveys as a reference. A single property may be described using one or multiple methods. All of these are accurate methods of identifying a piece of land, with metes and bounds being the most common.

Why a survey is important

They serve as a means to measure a property to its exact dimensions so the owner knows exactly what they're getting. They also enable the owner to settle disputes that may arise regarding the dimensions of their property. With out a survey there is no deed.

Quiz Level 3 b) fleets and hounds

This is not the name of a survey system. It is the name of a fictional bar coming to a hipster neighborhood near you.

Metes and Bounds

This is one of the oldest ways of determining the boundaries of a property. _____ and _____ is a land survey process in which a licensed land surveyor starts at a readily identifiable point of beginning and defines the boundaries of a property in terms of distances and compass directions, finally returning to the point of beginning. M____ refers to the distance measurements used in the description. Distances are often expressed in feet. B_____ are the compass directions used in creating the boundaries that enclose a parcel of real estate. You remember those right? North, East, South and West. When you hear ___ and ____ "think distance and directions." It helps to picture a surveyor walking around the boarder of a property and describing what they see and in what direction they are traveling.

Quiz Level 3 Townships 36 Square miles

Township lines intersect with range lines to create ____, which are how many square miles?

Township numbering

Township rows are numbered consecutively, north and south of the baseline. For the first tier of townships lying north of a baseline, the entire row is "Township 1 North," or T1N. All those comprising the first row south of the baseline are labeled "Township 1 South," or T1S. Range columns are labeled much the same. So, "T1N, R1E" corresponds to a township located on the first tier north of the baseline and one range column east of the principle meridian. With this label, this six-by-six mile square is differentiated from all the others on the grid. Think of it kinda like a bingo board.

Quiz Level 3 b) metes and bounds

Uses a point of beginning and markers or landmarks to describe a property Moves in a clockwise direction, describing land in feet, degrees, minutes, and seconds An example would include the phrase: "Beginning at the intersection of the north boundary or Red St. and the east boundary of Blue Rd." a) block and lot b) metes and bounds c) rectangular survey system d) fleets and hounds

Quiz Level 3 a) metes and bounds

Uses a point of beginning and markers or landmarks to describe a property. a) metes and bounds b) rectangular survey system c) block and lot d) fleets and hounds

Solving for Acreage formula

What formula is: Length x Width = Sq. Ft.

Quiz Level 3 d) A permanent reference marker for both locational and elevation points.

What is a Benchmark? a) The grade of land on which a structure is built. b) A natural monument such as a tree or boulder. c) A temporary marker such as a wooden stake in the ground. d) A permanent reference marker for both locational and elevation points.

Length x Width = Sq. ft.

What is the formula to find square footage?

Quiz Level 3 c) To find and measure the boundaries of a piece of real estate.

What is the purpose of a Survey? a) All choices are correct. b) To formally assess the value of a property. c) To find and measure the boundaries of a piece of real estate. d) To determine the environmental impact of the man-made improvements on the land.

Quiz Level 3 c) Lot C, Block 8 of Cliff Estate Subdivision, Sparrow County, Georgia

Which of the following is an example of a legal property description created using the recorded plat method of surveying? a) 6847 Ave., Lawrence County, Virginia 20120 b) Beginning at the intersection of the south boundary of Cat Ln. and the east boundary of Dog Rd.; then proceed due north along the east line of Dog Rd. c) Lot C, Block 8 of Cliff Estate Subdivision, Sparrow County, Georgia d) 14873 Lot Street, Block County, California 90280

Quiz Level 3 10,560 feet because 1 mile = 5,280 so 5280 x 5280 = 10,560 pshh easy

Your buddy Dave asks you to meet him for lunch at a restaurant 2 miles away. How many feet is that? a) 11,640 feet b) 5,280 feet c) 640 feet d) 10,560 feet

1386 ft. x 451 ft. 625,086 square feet

Your friend Jenny, has a small farm just outside of Woodstock Township. She knows the dimensions of her property are 1,386 ft. by 451 ft.

1,386 ft. x 451 ft. = 625,086 sq. ft. 625,086 sq. ft /43,560 sq. ft. = 14.35 acres Answer: 14.35 acres

Your friend, Jenny, has a small farm just outside of Woodstock. She knows the dimensions of her property are 1,386 ft. by 451 ft. How many acres is the land on Jenny's property?

Survey

_____ are used as a way of creating legal descriptions for properties. A ____ is the process and physical product of finding and measuring the boundaries of a piece of real estate, including the location of improvements, encroachments, and easements. (improvements are permanent, human-made additions to the property.) These methods of legally describing land require the skills and expertise of a professional licensed ____ - not your average Joe, or even your average real estate agent. Still, as a real estate agent, you should be expected to explain the survey information to your clients and advise them accordingly.

Finding the area of irregular lots 500 sq. ft. + 1,200 sq. ft. = 1,700 square feet

a rectangle has a length of 40 by width of 30 and another rectangle has a length of 20 by width of 25. What are the plots area together? 40 ft. x 30 ft. = 1200 sq. ft. 20 ft. x 25 ft. = 500 sq. ft.

survey systems in Georgia

even though the rectangular survey system is very popular in the United States, Georgia does not typically use it. Instead the more often used methods are the metes and bounds and block and lot (recorded plat) method.

Meridian

longitude lines called ____, run north to south. The segment the globe along Earth's poles.