RECONSTRUCTION TEST APUSH

About how many African Americans held office (in a government position) during Reconstruction?

2,000

Which of the following was a consequence of the shift to sharecropping and the crop lien system in the late nineteenth-century South?

A cycle of debt and depression for Southern tenant farmers

During Reconstruction, which of following was a change that took place in the South?

African Americans were able to exercise political rights.

In the late nineteenth century, state governments in the South were largely successful in restricting

African Americans' voting rights guaranteed by the Fifteenth Amendment

Which of the following pieces of evidence could best be used to modify Foner's main argument in the second excerpt?

After 1877 Democrats in the South legislated restrictions on the ability of African Americans to vote.

What is the most accurate statement regarding former slaves after the Civil War?

All former slaves were free to purchase their own land & house and pursue jobs they wanted.

(The first colored senator picture) The image most closely reflects which of the following developments in the political climate in the United States?

An increase in voting power for African Americans across the country

After Lincoln was assassinated who became the President

Andrew Johnson

The __________ resolved the disputed 1876 presidential election between Democratic candidate Samuel Tilden and Republican candidate Rutherford B. Hayes.

Compromise of 1877

"If we put negro regiments there and give them the bayonets, why can't we give votes? They have joined in putting down the Rebellion; and now to place them at the mercy of those they have helped us to subdue — to deny them all political rights — to give them freedom but leave them entirely subject to laws framed by Rebel masters — is an act of injustice against which humanity revolts." -Source: Senator John Sherman of Ohio, National Anti-Slavery Standard, 1865 The author's remarks in the excerpt most directly reflected which of the following developments during the mid-nineteenth century?

Debates about the extension of suffrage beyond white men

What political party was this new President? Hint: It was the opposite of Lincoln

Democrat

By 1876, Reconstruction was coming to an end and the _______ party was becoming the most popular, especially in the South.

Democratic

Which of the following best explains the reason for the reconciliation described by Blight?

Efforts to change southern racial attitudes and culture ultimately failed because of the South's determined resistance and the North's waning resolve.

Which of the following achievements of the "carpetbag" governments survived the "Redeemer" administrations?

Establishment of a public school system

Andrew Johnson True or False

F: Andrew Johnson wanted to reunite the country & appoint a mix of black and white men to lead state governments.

Which of the following statements best summarizes the views of Andrew Johnson on Reconstruction?

He believed that Reconstruction was an executive branch matter and sought the rapid restoration of the former Confederate states to the Union.

(The first colored senator picture) The image most strongly supports which of the following arguments about Reconstruction?

It opened up political opportunities to formerly enslaved African Americans.

President Hayes' withdrawal of federal troops from Louisiana and South Carolina marked a major turning point in American political history, effectively ending the Reconstruction Era and issuing in the system of __________.

Jim Crow

Why did Republican governments lose popularity?

New programs to help African-Americans meant taxes had to be raised.

Key to the 14th Amendment is that, " _______________________ shall make or enforce any law that shall...."

No state

What were the people in this party called?

Redeemers

During Reconstruction, most blacks supported which political party?

Republican Party

Who had promised slaves 40 acre plots of land?

Sherman, with his Field Order 15

One of the main failures of Reconstruction was that after 1877 the _________ states went back to restricting the freedoms of African Americans.

Southern

Which of the following occurred during Radical Reconstruction?

The formation of the Ku Klux Klan

Which of the following pieces of evidence could best be used to refute Stevens' claim in the excerpt that the Union had done little for formerly enslaved people by 1867?

The creation of schools by the Freedmen's Bureau for formerly enslaved people

Which of the following most directly led to the circumstances illustrated by the image?

The ratification of an amendment extending suffrage to African American men

"If we put regiments there and give them the bayonets, why can't we give votes? They have joined in putting down the Rebellion; and now to place them at the mercy of those they have helped us to subdue — to deny them all political rights — to give them freedom but leave them entirely subject to laws framed by Rebel masters — is an act of injustice against which humanity revolts." -Source: Senator John Sherman of Ohio, National Anti-Slavery Standard, 1865 Which of the following federal actions most directly supported the ideas expressed in the excerpt?

The ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment

The excerpt most strongly suggests that in 1866 which of the following was correct?

There was a lack of clarity about African American citizenship status after the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment.

"It is idle to say that a citizen shall have the right to life, yet to deny him the right to labor, whereby alone he can live. It is a mockery to say that a citizen may have a right to live, and yet deny him the right to make a contract to secure the privilege and the rewards of labor. It is worse than mockery to say that men may be clothed by the national authority with the character of citizens, yet may be stripped by State authority of the means by which citizens may exist. . . . "It is barbarous, inhuman, infamous, to turn over four million liberated slaves, always loyal to the government, to the fury of their rebel masters, who deny them the benefit of all laws for the protection of their civil rights." -Source: Representative William Lawrence, Congressional Globe, 1866 The primary source author most likely wrote his account for which of the following reasons?

To encourage the federal government to grant birthright citizenship

Who became president AFTER Andrew Johnson?

Ulysses S. Grant

Plessy vs. Ferguson basically says that to separate blacks and whites is perfectly consistent with the Fourteenth Amendment, but there was a stirring dissent by Justice John Marshall Harlan saying that the Constitution is ___________ and neither knows nor tolerates classes among citizens.

colorblind

"It is idle to say that a citizen shall have the right to life, yet to deny him the right to labor, whereby alone he can live. It is a mockery to say that a citizen may have a right to live, and yet deny him the right to make a contract to secure the privilege and the rewards of labor. It is worse than mockery to say that men may be clothed by the national authority with the character of citizens, yet may be stripped by State authority of the means by which citizens may exist. . . . "It is barbarous, inhuman, infamous, to turn over four million liberated slaves, always loyal to the government, to the fury of their rebel masters, who deny them the benefit of all laws for the protection of their civil rights." -Source: Representative William Lawrence, Congressional Globe, 1866 The key concern that the excerpt was designed to address was the:

Violations of African American rights at the state level of government

In practice African Americans could not meaningfully vote in many southern states until after the civil rights movement of the 1960s. It really took the________________ meaningfully to give African Americans the right to vote.

Voting Rights Act of 1965

The 15th Amendment says the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race color or previous condition of servitude. Who got left out?

Women of all races

The cartoon above is intended to express (Carpet bag)

a critique of Reconstruction

Congress passed the 14th amendment on June 13th 1866 And it was ratified on July 9th 1868 And it's viewed by some as the most important amendment of the constitution because it ________________.

contains our basic guarantees of equality and due process of law.

"'Manhood Suffrage' creates an antagonism everywhere between educated, refined women and the lower orders of men especially in the South, where the slaves of yesterday are the law-makers of to-day. . . Just as the democratic cry of a 'white man's government,' created the antagonism between the Irishman and the negro, which culminated in the New York riots of '63, so the republican cry of 'manhood suffrage' creates an antagonism between black men and all women, that will culminate in fearful outrages on womanhood, especially in the Southern States." -Source: Elizabeth Cady Stanton, "Women and Black Men," Revolution, 1869 Stanton's main purpose in the excerpt was to:

convince the government to give white women the right to vote.

Southern states did their darndest to disenfranchise African Americans by ruses and others stratagies. They passed ______________that prohibited people from voting if they hadn't been registered before the Civil War Selected:

grandfather clauses

Democrats agreed that Rutherford B. Hayes would become president in exchange for the withdrawal of federal troops from the South and the granting of ________ in the South.

home rule

After the Civil War, women reformers and former abolitionists were divided over

legislation that ensured the voting rights of African American males

All of the following led Congress to impose Radical Reconstruction measured EXCEPT the

massive exodus of former slaves from the South

The THREE main clauses of the 14th Amendment are the

privileges and immunities, due process of law, and equal protection under the law clauses

During Reconstruction, a major economic development in the South was the

spread of sharecropping

his Thomas Nast cartoon, published in 1864, suggested that compromising with the South was ____________________________.

tantamount to betraying the Union dead

The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution established

that suffrage cannot be denied based on race, color, or previous servitude

Liberals and Conservatives tend to agree that the 14th Amendment originally intended _____________ be applied against the States.

the Bill of Rights

"'Manhood Suffrage' creates an antagonism everywhere between educated, refined women and the lower orders of men especially in the South, where the slaves of yesterday are the law-makers of to-day. . . Just as the democratic cry of a 'white man's government,' created the antagonism between the Irishman and the negro, which culminated in the New York riots of '63, so the republican cry of 'manhood suffrage' creates an antagonism between black men and all women, that will culminate in fearful outrages on womanhood, especially in the Southern States." -Source: Elizabeth Cady Stanton, "Women and Black Men," Revolution, 1869 Stanton's reference to 'Manhood Suffrage' most directly reflects which of the following policy changes?

the extension of voting power to all men born or naturalized in the United States

"If we put negro regiments there and give them the bayonets, why can't we give votes? They have joined in putting down the Rebellion; and now to place them at the mercy of those they have helped us to subdue — to deny them all political rights — to give them freedom but leave them entirely subject to laws framed by Rebel masters — is an act of injustice against which humanity revolts." -Source: Senator John Sherman of Ohio, National Anti-Slavery Standard, 1865 The ideas in the excerpt most directly contributed to which of the following?

the passage of the Reconstruction Acts

"It is idle to say that a citizen shall have the right to life, yet to deny him the right to labor, whereby alone he can live. It is a mockery to say that a citizen may have a right to live, and yet deny him the right to make a contract to secure the privilege and the rewards of labor. It is worse than mockery to say that men may be clothed by the national authority with the character of citizens, yet may be stripped by State authority of the means by which citizens may exist. . . . "It is barbarous, inhuman, infamous, to turn over four million liberated slaves, always loyal to the government, to the fury of their rebel masters, who deny them the benefit of all laws for the protection of their civil rights." -Source: Representative William Lawrence, Congressional Globe, 1866 Which of the following developments best represents a logical extension of the ideas expressed in the excerpt?

the passage of the first Civil Rights Act

"'Manhood Suffrage' creates an antagonism everywhere between educated, refined women and the lower orders of men especially in the South, where the slaves of yesterday are the law-makers of to-day. . . Just as the democratic cry of a 'white man's government,' created the antagonism between the Irishman and the negro, which culminated in the New York riots of '63, so the republican cry of 'manhood suffrage' creates an antagonism between black men and all women, that will culminate in fearful outrages on womanhood, especially in the Southern States." -Source: Elizabeth Cady Stanton, "Women and Black Men," Revolution, 1869 The excerpt best serves as evidence of which of the following trends during Reconstruction?

the tension over the Fifteenth Amendment within the women's rights movement

The Compromise of 1877 resulted in

the withdrawal of federal troops from the South