Regents Practice Problems: Biomolecules

There are over 2000 kinds of edible insects in the world, and they are becoming an increasingly popular source of protein. One cup of cricket flour contains over 28 grams of protein. The building blocks of the protein in cricket flour are (1) amino acids (2) water (3) simple sugars (4) carbohydrates

(1) amino acids

An organic compound must contain the element... (1)carbon (2) nitrogen (3) oxygen (4) hydrogen

(1) carbon

Which type of macromolecule stores energy and provides thermal insulation for the body? (1) lipid (2) protein (3) nucleic acid (4) carbohydrate

(1) lipid

Which statement describes starches, fats, proteins, and DNA? (1) THey are used to store genetic information. (2) They are complex molecules made from smaller molecules. (3)They are used to assemble larger inorganic materials. (4) They are simple molecules used as energy sources.

(2) They are complex molecules made from smaller molecules.

The basic building blocks of protein are... (1) glucose molecules (2) amino acids (3) hormones (4) fats

(2) amino acids

A DNA molecule is a long chain of the repeating units shown in the diagram. These units are called (1) amino acids (2) nucleotides (3) ribose sugars (4) uracil molecules

(2) nucleotides

A DNA molecule is a polymer composed of subunits known as (1) disaccharides (2) nucleotides (3) ribose sugars (4) uracil molecules

(2) nucleotides

The diagram below represents a sequence of events that occurs in living things. (1) inorganic molecules (2) organic molecules (3) biological catalyst (4) simple sugars

(2) organic molecules

The major role of carbohydrates in the human diet is to... (1) form the membranes that surround mitochondrion (2)act as a catalyst for cellular reactions (3) supply energy for the body (4) provide building blocks for amino acids

(3) supply energy for the body

Which substance is an inorganic molecule? (1) starch (2) DNA (3) water (4) fat

(3) water

The substance responsible for breaking down the Venus flytrap's prey most likely contains (1) chlorophyll molecules (2) glucose molecules (3) hormone molecules (4) enzyme molecules

(4) enzyme molecules

Refer to figure 1 and answer the following question: DNA is a long chain and double helix made of repeating units called

(4) nucleotides

Which action must occur for an enzyme to catalyze a chemical reaction?

A SUBSTRATE must bind to an ACTIVE SITE of the enzyme

Which statement correctly describes how a PROTEIN is formed?

AMINO ACIDS are bonded together in a long chain to form a new molecule.

Refer to the diagram to answer the following question: The activity of NUCLEASE ENZYMES would most likely result in the release of

FOUR different kinds of molecular BASES

Each cell in the human body contains thousands of different enzymes responsible for regulating reactions within the cell. which statement explains why a SINGLE ENZYME is UNABLE to regulate a variety of reactions?

The binding of a substrate and an enzyme is SPECIFIC.

Body cells include nerve cells and muscle cells. Each makes a number of different proteins. For example, nerve cells make cholinesterase and muscle cells make myosin. Which statement best compares the DNA normally found in these two types of cells in an individual?

The two cells have IDENTICAL DNA sequences, but use DIFFERENT sections of the DNA to make these two proteins.

Identify the type of building block represented by the letters A,B, and C

amino acids

Which element must be present in an organic compound?

carbon

The process of transferring energy during respiration occurs in a series of steps. This prevents too much heat from being released at one time. Maintaining an appropriate temperature is beneficial to an organism because

enzymes need a proper range of temperatures to catalyze vital reactions

What nutrient is most directly used in the growth and repair of body tissues?

proteins

The diagram represents a portion of a starch molecule. The building blocks for this molecule are

simple sugar

Base your answer to this question on the information and diagram provided and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram provides information about some of the digestive enzymes produced by the human pancreas. The END PRODUCTS resulting from the action of AMYLASE would most likely be

simple sugars

Small molecules are combined to form large molecules by the life function of

synthesis