Religion S1 final study guide

Name and explain the four main effects of the anointing of the sick.

1) A sick person should be anointed before surgery when a dangerous illness is the reason for the surgery. 2) Old people may be anointed if they are weakened but no serious illness is present. 3) Sick person may be anointed if there is sufficient reason to administer the sacrament. 4) Anointing may be conferred on sick people who have lost consciousness or the use of reason because they would asked for it if they were in control of their faculties.

Name 4 marks and explain the four marks of the church

1) oneness- each individual parish is part of the universal church. 2) Holiness- The Holy Spirit "dwells" in the church and in the hearts 3) catholicity- the church is Catholic in a double sense 4) apostolicity- the church is a hierarchical community, under the supervision of leaders who are authorized to act in the name of Christ.

What is the saving effect of the paschal mystery?

Baptism.

Define form and matter of the sacraments.

Form: the traditional words said for each sacrament; matter: the traditional physical elements and/or gestures used in each sacrament.

Explain the Holy Spirit's role in the anamnesis and epiclesis at liturgy.

In the anamnesis , the liturgy of the word recalls that God has done for us, while in the epiclesis, the Holy Spirit outpours that we are present today to the saving actions of Christ.

What does the church mean by the "real presence"? Explain and describe practices that honor this belief.

In the body and blood of Christ, "the whole Christ is truly, really, and substantially contained." This presence is "real presence," not because the other ways Jesus is present in the world are not real, but because it is his presence in the fullest sense.

Tell about how confirmation is celebrated in the eastern church and the west. How and when did these differences develop?

In the east, confirmation and baptism are celebrated together, with the priest doing the anointing, while in the West, a bishop sustains and serves the church's unity, catholicity, and connection with the Apostles.

Describe the traditional mindset of the Jews about sickness. Tell how Jesus responded to this way of thinking.

Jews, in general, hold that suffering is caused by a weakness in one's relationship with God and God himself suffers along with the person. Jesus did not say as much about suffering as he acted on suffering.

What is mortal sin? What conditions must be met to make an act mortally sinful?

Serious violations of God's law of love that result in the loss of God's life (sanctifying grace) in the soul of the sinner. To commit mortal sins, there must be grave matter, full knowledge of the evil done, and full consent of the will.

Tell how the council of Chalcedon (AD 451), the council of Trent (1545-1563), and the second Vatican council (1962-1965) all shaped the development of the priesthood.

Still, the council of Chalcedon (451) stated that priests were to be called by the people of a particular parish and ordained from work within that parish, while the council of Trent required the seminary training of priests and also reaffirmed Holy Orders as a sacrament and emphasized the teaching that Holy orders gave priests the power to celebrate Eucharist and forgive sins in Christ's name, and then, the second Vatican council acknowledged the authority Jesus gave to his apostles and and their successors to govern the church.

Explain the difference between the ministerial priesthood and the common priesthood. How does each priesthood share in the priesthood of Christ?

The Ministerial priesthood means the priesthood of Christ received in the sacrament of holy order, while the Common priesthood is faithful. This teaching, points out how the ministerial priesthood is at the service of the common priesthood.

How was a regular meal part of the Eucharist in the first century? When/why did the practice of sharing a regular end?

The first -century Christians continued to practice their Jewish faith as well. They met in the temple for a morning prayer. They met again at night in a member's home. Eventually, the number of Christians increased to the point that eating a regular meal together became prohibitive. It ends by the beginning of the third-century.

Explain why the church teaches that Baptism is given only.

When a member of a mainline Christian denomination becomes Catholic, he or she is not baptized again.

Since Jesus stated that Baptism is necessary for salvation, can some who are not baptized or saved. Explain fully.

Yes, In fact, there are three examples of how a person could be saved without a baptism of water: baptism of blood, baptism of desire, and the case of infants who die without baptism.