Religion -Test 2 Multiple Choice

Punjab of northwestern India and eastern Pakistan

Sikhism originated in the

tirthankara

"Crossing maker"; in Jainism, one of the twenty-four ideal human beings of the past, Mahavira being the most recent

bodhisattva

"Enlightenment being"; in Mahayana, a person of deep compassion, especially one who does not enter nirvana but is constantly reborn to help others; a heavenly being of compassion.

dhyana

"Meditation"; focusing of the mind; sometimes, stages of trance

wu wei

"No action," "no strain"; doing only what comes spontaneously and naturally; effortlessly

3

How many parts is the Adi Granth divided into?

puja

In Jainism, ritual in honor of a tirthankara

jina

"Conqueror"; the Jain term for a perfected person who will not be reborn

a predictable transformation of nature

Daoists view death as

an emanation of the bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara

Each Dalai Lama in Tibetan Buddhism is considered to be

ren

Empathy, consideration for others , humaneness; a Confucian virtue

bodhi

Enlightenment

Nanak

The founder of Sikhism

Sthanakavasi

"Building person"; a member of one of the youngest Jain sects, which rejects the use of statues and temples

Digambara

"Clothed in sky"; a member of the Jain sect in which monks do not wear clothing

samadhi

A state of deep awareness, the result of intensive meditation

glorify Mahavira's extreme austerities

Jains, unlike the Theravada Buddhists,

devotion to deitites

Mahayana Buddhism generally does not advocate

spread north to China and Japan

Mahayana Buddism

intoxicants

Members of the Khalsa are to avoid

prophetic call

Nanak's religious experience is similar to what feature in other religions?

ajiva

Natter without soul or life

rebirth is finished

Once a person reaches nirvana

shu

Reciprocity; a Confucian virtue

fasting and pilgrimage

Regular practices of the Jains include

dukka

sorrow, misery

junzi

"Noble person," the refined human ideal of Confucianism

li

Appropriate action, ritual, propriety, etiquette

anichcha

Impermanence, constant change

believe that all attachments bring a certain bondage

Jains, like the Theravade Buddhists,

lama

A Tibetan Buddhist teacher, often a monk

experienced in order to be worthwhile

According to the Buddha, his teachings must be

fire ritual with historic links to the Vedic fire ceremony

An important practice in Shingon Buddhism is

Laozi

The legendary founder of Daoism

Dharma

The totality of Buddhist teaching

Maitreya

A Buddha (or bodhisattva) expected to appear on earth in the future

Mohists

A Chinese school of philosophy that taught universal love

mandala

A circular design containing deities, geometrical forms, symbols and so on that represents totality, the self, or the universe

Japji

A poem by Guru Nanek that begins the Adi Granth; the poem is recited daily by pious Sikhs

stupa

A shrine, usually in the shape of a dome, used to mark Buddhist relics or sacred sites

the orange robe

A sign of connection between Theravada monks and the wandering Hindu ascetics is

guru

A spiritual teacher

see things differently

According to the Daoists, if one leaves behind desires for individual things, one will

a border guard would not let him pass until he did so

According to the traditional story, Laozi wrote down his teachings only because

self-starvation leading to death

After a long life of virtue and detachment, Jains endorse

Yijing

An ancient Confucian book of divination, one of the Five Classics, still in use today

manual labor

An essential practice in Zen is

view the human being as a composite of spirit and matter

Both Jainism and Sikhism

produce virtuous people and create a harmonious society

By his teachings, Confucius hoped to

karuna

Compassion, empathy

a multiplicity of possible sources that coalesced into a movement

Concerning the origins of Daoism, scholars today point to

father-son

Confucius thought the most important relationship was

samara

Constant rebirth and the attendant suffering; hte everday world of change

wen

Cultural refinement; a Confucian virtue

avoids extremes and remains in harmony with others

For Confucius, a person who follows the way of heaven

koan

In Zen Buddhism, a question that cannot be answered logically; a technique used to test consciousness and bring awakening

a butterfly

In Zhuangzi's famous dream, he was not certain that he was not

organized an order of naked monks

In his lifetime, Mahavira taught and

an ox

In the most famous picture of Laozi, he rides

systematizing varied Buddhist teachings into a progressive hierarchy

Tendai Buddhism is known for

topics that were unanswerable

The Buddha was silent on questions about

his five former ascetic companions

The Buddha's first disciples were

to wake up

The Buddha's name comes from a Sanskrit word meaning

shunyata

The Mahayana notion of emptiness, meaning that the universe is empty of permanent reality

promote strength and self-identity

The Sikh Khalsa adopted the five practices to

yang

The active aspect of reality that expresses itself in speech, light, and heat

hylozoism

The belief that all physical matter has life and feeling

Khalsa

The community of initiated Sikhs; also any true Sikh

Sangha

The community of monks and nuns; lowercased, this term refers to an individual to an individual monastic community

ahimsa

The idea in Buddhism and Jainism that emphasizes nonharm and nonviolence

qi

The life force

break with the past and all that was antiquated

The main thrust of the Cultural Revolution was to

preach and seek disciples

The meaning of the work sikh is to

atheistic

The most accurate descriptor of Jainism is

temple

The most accurate meaning of the Sikh term gurdwara is

the Daoists

The most liberal thinkers in ancient China were

Dao (Tao)

The mysterious origin of the universe that is present and visible in everything

Legalists

The strictest of Chinese philosophical schools, which advocated strong laws and punishments

Trikaya

The three "bodies" of the Buddha—the cosmic Buddha nature, the celestial Buddhas, and the historical Buddhas.

their relationships

To a great extent in Confucianism, people are

steel bracelet

What item worn by the Sikh Khalsa symbolizes strength?

detachment

Which did the Buddha not oppose?

formal education

Which is not a Daoist value?

pride

Which was not an additional virtue endorsed by Confucius?

meditation

Zen is derived from a word referring to one of the steps in the Eightfold Path, whose meaning is