Renaissance Definitions
Boccaccio
(1313-1375) Wrote the Decameron which tells about ambitious merchants, portrays a sensual, and worldly society.
Donatello
(1386-1466) Sculptor. Probably exerted greatest influence of any Florentine artist before Michelangelo. His statues expressed an appreciation of the incredible variety of human nature.
Raphael
(1483-1520) Italian Renaissance painter; he painted frescos, his most famous being The School of Athens.
Ignatius of Loyola
(1491-1556) Spanish churchman and founder of the Jesuits (1534); this order of Roman Catholic priests proved an effective force for reviving Catholicism during the Catholic Reformation.
Peace of Augsburg
1555 agreement declaring that the religion of each German state would be decided by its ruler
Pieter Bruegel
A Flemish painter that lived from 1525-1569. , captured scenes from peasant weddings, dances, harvests; painted proverbs that taught morals; portrayed large numbers of people; used vivid details and rich colors
Presbyterian
A Protestant Christian religion characterized by governance by a group of elders and traditionally Calvinistic in doctrine
Reformation
A call for Religious Reform
Catholic Reformation
A call for reform in the Catholic church
Mary I
A daughter of Henry VIII and sister of Elizabeth and once ruled Europe
Theocracy
A government controlled by religious leaders
Petrarch
A humanist known for writing about a woman named Laura.
Henry VIII
A king who took over the church and took the pope's power away
Council of Trent
A meeting between Roman Catholic leaders
Humanism:
A movement that focused on the human potential and achievements
Michelangelo
A painter, sculptor, architect, and poet known for his paintings in the Sistine Chapel.
Indulgence
A patron is released from his or her son
Perspective:
A technique used by artists that involves creating the appearance of three dimension figures on flat surface
Machiavelli
A writer who is known for writing the Prince which was a guidebook of how to be a Prince.
Jesuits
Also known as the Society of Jesus; founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556) as a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism.
Utopia
Created by Thomas More, a world with just perfection no evil
Lutheran
Founded on the teachings of Martin Luther
Anglican
Founded on the teachings of the Reformation
Martin Luther
Founded on the teachings of the Reformation
Protestant
Founded on the teachings of the Reformation
Predestination
God knew who was going to be saved
Gutenberg
Gutenberg: A German inventor who made the printing press and produced a large mass of books
Leonardo Da Vinci
Known for the painting of the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper . He was a painter, inventor, and sculptor
John Calvin
Led the Huguenots and Calvinists
Annul
Make void or null, cancel, abolish (usually of laws or other established rules)
Jesuits
Members of the Society of Jesus
Patron:
People who financially supported artists
Anabaptist
Protestants who insisted that only adult baptism conformed to Scripture. Protestant and Catholic leaders condemned Anabaptists for advocating the complete separation of church and state.
Calvinism
Religious ideas based on Calvin John
Elizabeth I
Ruled Europe and brought Protestantism
Shakespeare
Shakespeare: A famous writer during the Elizabeth Age known for Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth
Renaissance Man
The Universal man, excelling in many fields and very educated
Vernacular:
The everyday language used in that country or region
Renaissance:
The revival of art, learning, and culture
John Knox
This was the man who dominated the reform movement in Scotland. He established the Presbyterian Church of Scotland so that ministers ran the church, not bishops
Renaissance Woman
Upper class woman knows the classics and be charming.
Secular
Worldly rather than spiritual.
christine de pizan
highly educated Renaissance-era woman who was among the first to earn a living as a writer; wrote books, including short stories, novels, and manuals on military techniques (in French); her The Book of The City of Ladies and other works spoke out against men's objections to educating women, and championed formal education for women
Vittoria Colonna
who was a famous writer who gained fame during the renaissance by writing about personal subjects rather than politics?