Renaissance Theatre (I and II)
Public playhouse
Outdoor Theatre: Features of a ___ - Varied in size; Thrust stage - Contains the "pit", "tiring house", "the heavens", flag, machinery hut, musician's gallery, two playing levels, and discovery space.
Rose
Outdoor Theatre: ___ - Competitor of the globe
Globe
Outdoor Theatre: ___ - You had to learn a new way of acting here because of the way it was built
The Kings Men
Shakespeare was the resident playwright for
Shareholders
Shakespearean Acting Troupes: ____ - *Profits shared; Elite members; Most experienced - Democratic, self-governing
Apprentices
Shakespearean Acting Troupes: ____ - *Young performers training for the profession; Usually young boys played a women's roles
Hirelings
Shakespearean Acting Troupes: ____ - Actors hired for a specific period of time and for a specific salary; They played minor roles, or worked machinery
Autos
Spanish plays that dealt with the characteristics of the morality and cycle plays were called
Secular drama
____ flourished in Spain side by side with Italian operas
Commedia Dell' Arte
____ was composed of traveling troupes that improvised "scenarios" using stock characters
William Shakespeare
____: - Penned some 38 plays - Wrote tragedy, comedy, history - Actor and shareholder in Lord Chamberlain's Company - Became shareholder at the Globe Theatre - Left his family to start writing shows - **Actor, playwright, and sometimes director
Shakespearean Acting Troupes
____: - Troupes were all male, some specialized in particular types of roles - Large repertories (casts): a different show each play - Shareholders, Hirelings, and Apprentices
Acting Troupes
_____: - Lord Admiral's Men vs. Lord Chamberlin's Men
Verisimilitude
- "Truth seeming" - Could represent only what could be reasonably expected in real life
The Blackfriars
- A former monastery and converted in 1576, was England's first indoor playhouse
Decorum
- Characters were expected to display traits normally held by members of their class
Ben Jonson
- Considered the best after Shakespeare, but thought he was better - Wrote "Doctor Faustus"
French Academy
- Established by Cardinal Richelieu - A literary academy to maintain the purity of the French language and literature
Pre-Shakespearean Acting Troupes
- Many before 1570s, but little known about them - Acting companies had to have a license, requiring the patronage of a noble - By 1570, government decrees made acting more secure - Acting became a legal profession in the 1570s
The Three Unities
- Required a reasonable time - One room place or town - No sub-, counter-, or secondary plots
Neoclassicism
- Showed an interest in the ancient "rediscovered" roman classics more than the greek plays
Renaissance
- an awakening of the arts and learning in the western world, which occurred from the late fourteenth through the early seventeenth centuries
Masque
Another type of elaborate entertainment featured at court during the reign of James I and his successor Charles I was the ___
Purity of Genes
Comedy and Tragedy were not to be mixed - No element of one should be in the other
Yes
Did Spanish playwrights produce medieval dramas for a much longer period of time then their English counterparts?
- Indoor/Private Theatre - The Blackfiar Theatre
Elizabethan Theatre: ___ - Troupes did shows in winter - 1/4 -1/2 of a public theatre - Spectators sat in the pit, galleries, or private boxes - Stages were similar to public theatre - Ex: ___
Democratic; Self-governing
English acting troupes were ___ and ___ where the risks and profits were shared.
The Commedia Francise
Founded in 1680 as France's National Theatre and is still in existence today
The Puritans
In 1642, who outlawed all theatrical activity?
pit
In an Elizabethan Theater, the poorest patrons watched the performance from the ___
Renaissance movement
Influences of the ____ - Weakening church influence - Invention of the printing press - Nobility began to patronize arts
Giacomo Torelli
Neoclassicism in France: ___ - Who was hired to redesign the tennis courts into stages?
Pierre Corneille
Neoclassicism in France: ___ - wrote "Le Cid", a tragedy based on a Spanish play - told people to come see his show because the government didn't approve; **Broke the neoclassical ideals
True to life
One overriding concern of the neoclassicists was verisimilitude, which means -
priest
Spanish playwrights Lope De Vega and Calderon were both ___ before they became playwrights
Thrust
The Elizabethan theater was a ___ theater
Moliere
The Farcical comedies of ____ were heavily influenced by the comedies of the Commedia Dell' Arte
Chariot-and-Pole
The Italians invented a new system of changing scenery called the
Proscenium Theatre
The Teatro Farnese, built in Parma in 1618 is considered the first ________
Spanish
The ___ religious plays were banned in 1765 b/c they were said to be too carnival in spirit. Some of the dances and farces were considered objectionable, as well as performed by immoral actors
The Stuart Court Masque
Theater: ____ - Indigo Jones - Used Italian Staging - They were lavish and only lasted a couple of nights - Puritans revolved, Cut Charles I head off - After Puritans take over, the burn all theaters down - Theater is outlawed in London
Five Act Form
Theatre not only had to provide entertainment, but had to teach as well
Lazzi
This troupe of traveling actors used stock characters and ____, which were proven comic routines and bits
Theatre buildings
Until 1608, _____ were legal in the city limits of London, the center of theatre in England
Globe, Swan, Rose, and Fortune
What are the 4 most popular outdoor theatre?
Action, Time, and Place
What are the Neoclassicists' most famous mandate concerning the Three Unities:
Two different geographical locations
What did two doors in the tiring house in an Elizabethan outdoor theater represent?
Perspective
What is a method of drawing that creates the illusion of depth?
The Teatro Olimpico in Vicenza, Italy
What is the oldest surviving Renaissance theater?
Opera
What type of theater became popular during the Italian Renaissance and is still popular?
violated decorum
When Pierre Corneille wrote about a girl who married a man that killed her father, this ____ ____.
Puritans
Who though the official church of England adhered too closely to Catholicism?
Moliere
Who was denied the right to a christian burial because he was an actor?
- James Burbage - "The Theatre"
Who was the builder of the first theater in London? Called "___"?
Jean Racine
Who was the popular French Writer of tragedies, followed the neoclassical rules, and was the author of Phaedra?
Because of wars and internal strife
Why did the Renaissance not have much of an influence in England until the late 15th century?
Neoclassicism in France
_____ in _____: - 1550-1570 - Cardinal Richelieu became Chief Minister of France - Richelieu establish the French Academy - Tennis courts readapted into stages - "Le Cid" by Pierre Corneille - "Phaedra" by Jean Racine - Jean Baptiste Poquelin ("Moliere")