Reproductive Systems

In males, testosterone is converted to __________, which then stimulates cells of the prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and external accessory organs.

dihydrotestosterone

The epididymis, coiled on the outer surface of the testis, becomes the

ductus deferens.

The structure the sperm enters upon exiting the ductus deferens is the

ejaculatory duct.

The last fluid expelled from the urethra during ejaculation comes from the

seminal vesicles.

The formation of sperm cells (spermatogenesis) occurs in the __________. The resulting cells mature into sperm cells in the __________.

seminiferous tubule; epididymis

The epithelium of the seminiferous tubules consists of

spermatogenic cells and sustentacular cells.

In the reproductive cycle, estrogen __________, whereas progesterone __________.

stimulates uterine wall development; stimulates the uterine lining to become more glandular

The number of sperm cells that form from a primary spermatocyte is

4.

During the female reproductive cycle, what triggers menstruation?

A decrease in blood levels of estrogens and progesterone

Which of the following is not a male secondary sex characteristic?

Deposition of adipose tissue in the thighs and buttock

Where does a corpus luteum form?

From a follicle that ovulated an oocyte

What disease is caused by the human papilloma virus?

Genital warts

What is the term for two chromosomes that match each other gene-for-gene, with one coming from the mother and one from the father?

Homologous chromosomes

The anterior pituitary releases two gonadotropins that target the testes; __________ promotes the development of cells that secrete testosterone and __________ stimulates cells that will give rise to sperm cells.

LH; FSH

What is the name of the process that results in the formation of the female gametes by meiosis?

Oogenesis

What is the process of egg formation called?

Oogenesis

Although mammary glands in males and females are similar, the development of mammary glands is different in males and females. Why?

Ovarian hormones stimulate development of mammary glands in females.

In a nonpregnant female, what is the primary source of estrogens and progesterone?

Ovaries

What structures help support the breast tissue?

Suspensory ligaments

In the presence of the hormones ______ and testosterone, sustentacular cells stimulate the spermatogenic cells to undergo spermatogenesis, giving rise to sperm cells.

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

The zona pellucida consists of

glycoprotein.

In erectile tissue, impulses from the __________ nervous system cause __________ of the arteries and subsequent __________ of the veins. Consequently, blood accumulates in the erectile tissue, producing an erection.

parasympathetic; dilation; constriction

The epididymis is a __________ and it __________.

tightly coiled tube on the outside of the testis; is the location for sperm maturation

Fertilization normally occurs in the

uterine tube.