research review questions

Which of the following would most likely be used with a systematic approach to universally to rank the strength and quality of evidence? A) AHRQ B) GRADE C) USPSTF D) WHO

B) GRADE

A baccalaureate-prepared nurse seeks current practice information from journals as well as through networking at professional meetings. What do these behaviors demonstrate? A) Awareness of self B) Informal lifelong learning C) Formal lifelong learning D) Structured learning

B) Informal lifelong learning

A nurse has been accepted to present a poster presentation at a national conference in a different state. In preparation, the nurse would have the poster professionally printed and: A) mail a second copy of the professionally printed poster to the hotel. B) put a copy of the presentation on a flash drive. C) email a copy of the acceptance letter to the hotel ensuring a hotel room is reserved. D) ensure that a peer at home has a copy of the presentation if needed.

B) put a copy of the presentation on a flash drive.

What is a major benefit of using clinical practice guidelines? A) They include possible variables that healthcare providers encounter when managing patient conditions. B) They assist with identification of unique patient characteristics and preferences for treatment. C) They provide recommendations from a panel of experts for best practice and patient care. D) They set apart specific approaches to clinical management based on scientific evidence.

C) They provide recommendations from a panel of experts for best practice and patient care.

Which of the following instruments might a nurse use to evaluate clinical practice guidelines prior to development and implementation? A) AGREE II B) Appraisal C) EPC D) NGC

A) AGREE II

Which of the following is an example of a study focused on patient-related outcomes? A) A study on the effect of patients smoking after caesarian section B) A study of the effect of antibiotics administered prior to a caesarian section C) A study on the effect of ambulation 1 hour after a caesarian section D) A study on the effect of fluid administration during a caesarian section

A) A study on the effect of patients smoking after caesarian section

Which of the following factors is the most influential on a nurse's decision to adopt a specific innovation in practice? A) Conflict among healthcare providers B) A large number of alternative innovations C) Reduction of uncertainty D) Reliance on trial and error

B) A large number of alternative innovations

What is occurring when a nurse is presented with an innovative technique for administering medication to pediatric patients based on a new research study, but the nurse doesn't have the time to investigate the research study and simply continues to keep administering medication to pediatric patients in the same manner that the nurse has always used? A) Active rejection B) Acquiring evidence C) Passive rejection D) Ranking of evidence

B) Acquiring evidence

Which of the following is an example of a study focused on performance-related outcomes? A) A study of the effect of early ambulation on prevention of bed sores. B) A study on patient compliance with weight-bearing status following hip replacement. C) A study on the effectiveness of antiemetics given prophylactically with chemotherapy treatment D) A study on the length of stay after a caesarian section in relation to frequency of nursing assessments

D) A study on the length of stay after a caesarian section in relation to frequency of nursing assessments

A nurse is planning a change related to a potential safety concern for a patient. Which phase of Kotter's change model will occur first? A) Communicating a sense of urgency B) Developing a vision C) Empowering action D) Generating short-term wins

A) Communicating a sense of urgency

Which of the following types of studies are nurses most likely to appraise, are often found in nursing literature, and are important to the advancement of EBP? A) Randomized experiments B) Descriptive studies C) Case control studies D) Randomized controlled trials

D) Randomized controlled trials

Three nurses are going to collaborate on a research project on decreasing postoperative infections. Which of the following is considered one of the first steps the nurses should engage in? A) Authorship responsibilities B) Content of findings C) Participant population D) Schedule for data analysis

A) Authorship responsibilities

Which of the following is the comparison of organizational outcome data to other organizations or national databases? A) Benchmarking B) Standardizing C) Researching D) Quality improvement

A) Benchmarking

Which of the following EBP models offers insight into how and why nurses embrace research in clinical practice? A) CURN model B) Iowa model C) Nightingale model D) Stetler model

A) CURN model

Which of the following is an important factor as to why many healthcare facilities are increasing their support for EBP? A) Changing reimbursement policies that link payment to positive patient outcomes B) Shrinking sources for third-party reimbursement are requiring alternate methods C) Changing performance evaluation systems that rely more on better patient care D) Expanding the scope of clinical research studies conducted at healthcare facilities

A) Changing reimbursement policies that link payment to positive patient outcomes

Which of the following is an example of benchmarking? A) Comparison of an individual hospital's readmission rates for pneumonia and the CMS readmission rates for pneumonia on a national level B) Comparison of nursing hours worked and number of patient assessments completed in a given 12-hour shift C) Comparison of nursing empathy and patient diagnosis in the emergency department D) Comparison of patient infection rates and nursing hand washing rates on a designated unit

A) Comparison of an individual hospital's readmission rates for pneumonia and the CMS readmission rates for pneumonia on a national level

A nurse in one unit of a medical facility is thinking of ways to engage fellow nurses in the transition to an EBP model of providing health care. Which of the following would be the most effective method for doing so? A) Forming a lunchtime journal club B) Attending a national nursing conference C) Giving an oral presentation about a research study D) Viewing posters about recent EBP research relevant to care

A) Forming a lunchtime journal club

What is an advantage of using poster presentations over other methods to disseminate new knowledge? A) Poster sessions present opportunities for networking at conferences. B) Presenters do not need to be in person at a conference location. C) More complex information can better be presented via a poster. D) The process of submission tends to be easier than other methods.

A) Poster sessions present opportunities for networking at conferences.

How do sample sizes in randomized controlled trials typically compare with other types of studies? A) Sample sizes are larger and participants are recruited at multiple sites. B) Sample sizes are varied in scope with participants from multiple sites. C) Sample sizes are smaller and participants are recruited at multiple sites. D) Sample sizes are limited in scope with participants from a single site.

A) Sample sizes are larger and participants are recruited at multiple sites.

A participatory process involving indicators that measure quality defines which of the following? A) Immediate quality improvement B) Continuous quality improvement C) Long-term outcomes measurement D) Short-term outcomes measurement

B) Continuous quality improvement

Nurses practicing on a unit have identified that they are uncomfortable with interpreting results of published research findings. What would be an approach to this problem? A) Avoidance of applying research findings on the unit B) Dissemination of findings in a more understandable manner C) Participation by unit nurses in relevant research studies to better understand them D) Reliance on researchers to interpret the findings through publications and presentations

B) Dissemination of findings in a more understandable manner

10. Which of the following factors can best help to minimize ethical dilemmas that arise when considering changes to healthcare practices, process, or policies? A) Analyzing the generalizability of research findings B) Examining the cost-benefit ratio of intended changes C) Forming an ethical review committee about implementation D) Using an ethical nursing theory to guide decision making

B) Examining the cost-benefit ratio of intended changes

When a nurse is deciding how to apply evidence from a particular study to evidence-based practice, which of the following is an ethical concern the nurse must take into consideration because individual patients may not always have the exact same characteristics as the study subjects? A) Reliability B) Generalizability C) Validity D) Duplicity

B) Generalizability

A nurse researcher is studying hypertension rates for adult diabetic patients after hospitalization. Which of the following would study nursing-sensitive outcomes? A) Hypertension rates for patient who met with a nutritionist B) Hypertension rates for patients who had nursing-led hypertension education C) Hypertension rates for patients who started an exercise plan D) Hypertension rates for patients who made significant diet changes

B) Hypertension rates for patients who had nursing-led hypertension education

Which of the following is often a challenging component of professionalism for the new nurse? A) Communication skills B) Information overload C) Flexibility D) Community service

B) Information overload

How does the Iowa EBP model differ from other models? A) It gives practitioners step-by-step instructions. B) It explains how organizations change practice. C) It provides practical knowledge into why nurses embrace change. D) It focuses on how individual nurses adopt research findings into practice.

B) It explains how organizations change practice.

Which of the following types of decision-making studies is most likely to be used to ensure that an innovation is practical and useful for point-of-care practice? A) Initial trial B) Pilot C) Test case D) Case study

B) Pilot

What should an oral presenter be sure to include at the end of a nursing research presentation? A) Time for clarification of mistakes B) Time for questions from the audience C) Expectations for the audience to incorporate the presentation into their practice D) Suggestions for improvement on the presentation

B) Time for questions from the audience

A new nurse participates in her first performance review with her supervisor. This review process will likely include getting feedback from her supervisor and peers, as well as: A) a timeline for promotion. B) performance-related goals. C) a schedule for further training. D) structured rules for the next review period.

B) performance-related goals.

A research nurse is in the final phase of completing a research study manuscript and wants to get an expert opinion of the manuscript. Which of the following best defines an expert? A) A peer involved in the research study B) A physician in the discipline being studied C) An individual with an advanced degree in nursing D) A participant of the research study

C) An individual with an advanced degree in nursing

A nurse examining evidence from research studies on a given practice question would most likely use which of the following to make a recommendation about a practice change? A) Evaluation system B) Predetermined level C) Evidence hierarchy D) Knowledge tree

C) Evidence hierarchy

A baccalaureate-prepared nurse participates in in-service training at her facility and enrolls in a master's in nursing program. What do these behaviors demonstrate? A) Awareness of self B) Informal lifelong learning C) Formal lifelong learning D) Structured learning

C) Formal lifelong learning

Healthcare organizations are required to provide examples of nurse-sensitive quality indicators as part of the application process for, or for maintenance of: A) Joint Commission accreditation. B) Forces of Magnetism. C) Magnet Recognition. D) Benchmarking participation.

C) Magnet Recognition.

What might a nurse use Nursing Quality Indicators developed by the American Nurses Association to address in clinical practice? A) Best practice guidelines for providing care B) Issues related to obtaining reimbursement for nursing care C) Outcomes of nursing care focused on patient safety and quality D) Policies and procedures for implementation of nursing care

C) Outcomes of nursing care focused on patient safety and quality

A nurse researcher designs a study to determine the effect of ambulation 1 hour after caesarian section on the patient and newborn. This is an example of what type of research? A) Quantitative research B) Qualitative research C) Outcomes research D) Evidence-based research

C) Outcomes research

Which of the following is an example of an indicator for an outcome of postoperative pain reduction? A) Surgical dressing assessment B) Antibiotic administration times C) Pain measurement scale D) Postoperative temperature readings

C) Pain measurement scale

A nurse would be considered an innovator if he or she: A) reads a lot of professional journals and asks the opinions of physicians and senior nursing staff. B) is always the first to volunteer to chair a committee or lead a project. C) is willing to try new ideas in practice, based on evidence, to improve patient care. D) makes decisions slowly and desires a long testing period for new ideas or processes.

C) is willing to try new ideas in practice, based on evidence, to improve patient care.

Limited exposure to research in basic nursing programs is a barrier to connecting research to practice. What can be done to help overcome this barrier? A) Actively participating in nursing grand rounds B) Enlisting nurses as research assistants for research-based studies C) Increasing nurses' authority in client care to implement EBP in facilities D) Providing more educational opportunities for nurses to learn about EBP

D) Providing more educational opportunities for nurses to learn about EBP

In deciding how to ethically apply evidence to decision making and practice at the point of care, a nurse might incorporate which of the following additional source of information? A) The individual patient experience B) Any policy or cost consideration C) The clinical experience D) All of these are correct.

D) All of these are correct.

Nurses can utilize resources designed to rank and evaluate evidence provided by which of the following organizations? A) U.S. Preventive Services Task Force B) Cochrane Collaboration C) Joanna Briggs Institute D) All of these are correct.

D) All of these are correct.

When considering a practice change, why is identification of stakeholders important? A) It allows for clarification of the purpose of the proposed change. B) It decreases misunderstandings related to the change. C) It facilitates implementation of the proposed change. D) All of these are correct.

D) All of these are correct.

Which of the following best describes the process in which nurses make clinical decisions based on the best available research integrated with patient preferences, values, and circumstances? A) Research evaluation B) Research analysis C) Clinical collaboration D) Evidence-based nursing

D) Evidence-based nursing

A nurse researcher is studying hypertension rates for adult diabetic patients after hospitalization. Which of the following would study long-term outcomes? A) Hypertension rates 3 weeks after hospitalization B) Hypertension rates 3 days after hospitalization C) Hypertension rates prior to hospitalization D) Hypertension rates 6 months after hospitalization

D) Hypertension rates 6 months after hospitalization

Why is dissemination of new knowledge from research findings important to building evidence-based practice? A) Knowledge dissemination improves scientific development of theory. B) Nurses are responsible for meeting requirements of institutions. C) Innovation results from adequate funding of research studies. D) Knowledge needs to be shared and used to improve patient care.

D) Knowledge needs to be shared and used to improve patient care.

If a nurse involved in a discussion with colleagues has the goal of determining the clinical significance of a study's findings examines the concept of the study's odds ratio, which of the following is the nurse investigating? A) Risk of the outcome in the treated group compared to the risk in the control group B) Percentage reduction in risk in the treated group compared to the control group C) Odds of a patient requiring treatment over an extended period of time to prevent one adverse outcome D) Odds of an experimental patient suffering an event compared to a patient in the control group

D) Odds of an experimental patient suffering an event compared to a patient in the control group

A nurse is concerned regarding an area of practice that has been linked to poor client outcomes. Several nurses have expressed concern regarding the problem. Critically thinking about the problem would involve which of the following? A) Waiting for the unit continuing-education offering regarding a change in practices B) Continuing the status quo C) Deferring to the hospital staff responsible for the policy and procedure manual D) Reflecting on past knowledge and formulating potential solutions.

D) Reflecting on past knowledge and formulating potential solutions.

A nurse working in critical care questioned the rationale for limitations on family visitation times. After discussions with supervisors, administration, and other staff, the nurse gathers information for a possible policy change that could benefit patients, families, and staff. This nurse is demonstrating which characteristic of an innovator? A) Awareness of self and the unit B) Flexibility to change C) Good communication skills D) Sense of inquiry

D) Sense of inquiry

When nurses appraise evidence, which of the following elements are reviewed and evaluated to ensure that a study was sound? A) Number of participants, the location of research, and the findings B) Study design, where the research was conducted, and the findings C) Number of participants, sponsor of the research, and the analysis methods D) Study design, how the research was conducted, and the data analysis

D) Study design, how the research was conducted, and the data analysis

A nurse determines that each month he will search for a new EBP guideline or technique for practice. This is an example of which of the following? A) Acting as preceptor during orientation B) Seeking a mentor to assist professional growth C) Connecting with others in similar practices areas D) Using a goal-centered framework for practice

D) Using a goal-centered framework for practice

Writing an editorial for a newsletter on a health topic in your area of certification helps promote the profession by: A) creating new knowledge. B) developing self-knowledge. C) giving back to the profession. D) making nursing more visible.

D) making nursing more visible.

A major advantage of poster presentations over other methods is that poster presentations offer opportunities for: A) exhibition. B) using pictures. C) working remotely. D) networking.

D) networking.

When nurses develop an awareness of the culture of their work environment, it enables them to recognize discrepancies, compare competence, experience dissonance, and attempt to balance differences. This is known as: A) self-awareness. B) flexibility. C) inquiry. D) unit awareness.

D) unit awareness.