Respiratory System

Which of the paired cartilages of the larynx articulate with the cricoid cartilage?

Arytenoid

Identify structures found in the lower respiratory tract. Select all that apply.

Bronchi Trachea

List the correct order of airways from the trachea to the alveoli.

Bronchi, bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and sacs

How is sound produced?

By air moving over vocal folds

Which letter in the illustration indicates an alveolar sac?

C

Which of the following best describes the supportive structures of the trachea?

C-shaped rings composed of hyaline cartilage

Identify components of the nasal septum. Select all that apply.

Cartilage Vomer bone Ethmoid bone

What is the opening between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx is called?

Choana

Name the paired horn-shaped cartilages that articulate with the arytenoid cartilages.

Corniculate cartilages

Which of the paired cartilages are attached to and support the vocal folds and lateral aspects of the epiglottis?

Cuneiform

Identify the respiratory structure indicated in the figure of the head.

Epiglottis

Indicate the name of the bony structure indicated in the image.

Inferior concha

Indicate the functions of the nose and nasal cavities. Select all that apply.

Influences voice Location of olfactory receptors Warm and humidify air

What happens to the mucus layer lining the trachea that functions to trap foreign particles?

It is moved upward by cilia to the pharynx, then swallowed.

Indicate the bones found contributing to the bridge of the nose. Select all that apply.

Maxillary bones Nasal bones Frontal bone

______ rotation of the arytenoid cartilages adducts the vocal cords, allowing sound production.

Medial

Identify structures of the upper respiratory tract. Select all that apply.

Nasal cavity Pharynx

Which section of the pharynx acts as a passageway for only the respiratory system?

Nasopharynx

Identify the functions of the respiratory system.

Produces chemical mediators that activate substances in the blood Plays a role in regulating blood pH Assists in vocalization and speech Assists in the removal of carbon dioxide Exchange of O2 and CO2 between the atmosphere and the tissues of the body Olfaction Protection from microorganisms

Describe the function of the tracheal cartilages.

To maintain an open air passage

What is the function of the coarse hairs present in the nasal vestibule?

To trap dust, microbes and other debris that may be present in air that is inspired

Match the respiratory process term with its definition.

Ventilation = Movement of air into and out of the lungs External respiration = Gas exchange between air in the lungs and the blood Internal respiration = Gas exchange between blood and the tissues Cellular respiration = Using oxygen to make ATP from glucose

Identify the structure of the larynx indicated in the figure by the letter A.

Vocal folds

Identify the functions of the conducting zone of the respiratory system. Select all that apply.

Warming air Cleaning air Humidification

Movement of the arytenoid cartilages ______ decreases tension on the vocal cords, ______ pitch of sound produced.

anteriorly, lowering

One of the functions of the respiratory system is to alter the levels of carbon dioxide in the blood; thus regulating ______.

blood pH

Which component of the trachea is responsible for maintaining the open airway?

cartilage

The anterior portion of the nasal septum is composed of ______, while the posterior part is composed of ______.

cartilage, bone

The respiratory system can influence blood pH by ______.

changing blood CO2 levels

The opening between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx is called the

choana

The respiratory system can be divided into ______.

conducting and respiratory zones

The inferior portion of the larynx is formed by the ___________ cartilage.

cricoid

The letter A in this illustration is pointing to which cartilage of the larynx?

epiglottis

What structure covers the opening to the larynx during swallowing?

epiglottis

The vocal folds and the space between them defines the

glottis

The nasal cavity is separated from the oral cavity by the ______.

hard palate

The inferior portion of the pharynx which begins at the level of the hyoid bone and opens into the esophagus and the larynx is the __________________.

laryngopharynx

The thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, epiglottis vestibular folds, and vocal folds are associated with the ______.

larynx

_______ rotation of the arytenoid cartilages abducts the vocal folds, allowing movement of air during breathing (without speaking).

lateral

In order to breathe, the arytenoid cartilages rotate _____ and _____ the vocal folds.

laterally, abduct

The trachea, primary bronchi, and the alveolar sacs all belong to the ______.

lower respiratory tract

The functions of the segment of the respiratory system called the ______ include cleaning, warming, and humidifying air as it enters the airways. It also contains the olfactory epithelium.

nasal cavity

The most superior portion of the pharynx, posterior to the nasal cavity, extending to the soft palate, is the _______________.

nasopharynx

The portion of the pharynx that is posterior to the nasal cavity and extends to the soft palate is the ______.

nasopharynx

The nares are also referred to as ______.

nostrils

The tonsils found in the nasopharynx are the ________________ tonsils.

pharyngeal

The segment of the respiratory system that extends from the choanae to the larynx and functions as a passageway for air, food, and drink, but is also important in sound production, is called the _____________.

pharynx

The segment of the respiratory tract indicated in the figure is the ______.

pharynx

The structure that serves as an opening for both the respiratory and the digestive systems and extends from the nasal cavity to the larynx is the ____________.

pharynx

The uvula can be described as the ______.

posterior extension of the soft palate

The function of the uvula is to _____.

prevent food from entering into the nasopharynx

The system that supplies the body with oxygen and expels carbon dioxide by the rhythmic intake and expulsion of air is the _________________ system.

respiratory

Gas exchange occurs in which location in the respiratory system?

respiratory zone

The inflammation of one or more of the paranasal sinuses is called

sinusitis

The oropharynx extends from the _____ to the _____.

soft palate, epiglottis

The cartilage of the larynx that forms the anterior wall of the larynx and the largest of the laryngeal cartilages is the _____ cartilage.

thyroid

The two divisions of the respiratory tract are ______.

upper and lower respiratory tracts

The nasal cavity, choana and oropharynx are components of the ______.

upper respiratory tract

The posterior extension of the soft palate is the

uvula

Within the larynx, the most superior pair of ligaments are the ______ folds.

vestibular

Within the larynx, the most inferior pair of ligaments are ______ folds.

vocal