Respiratory System

In one passage through a bed of systemic blood capillaries, the blood gives up about what percentage of its oxygen? A. 70% to 85% B. 20% to 25% C. 30% to 40% D. 10% to 15%

20% to 25%

In one passage through a bed of systemic blood capillaries, the blood gives up about what percentage of its oxygen? A. 20% to 25% B. 70% to 85% C. 30% to 40% D. 5% to 10%

20% to 25%

Each hemoglobin molecule can transport up to ________ oxygen molecules. A. 5 B. 3 C. 4 D. 6

4

Your breathing rate is 14 breaths/minute; spirometric measurements reveal your tidal volume is 500 mL; your inspiratory reserve volume is 3000 mL; and your expiratory reserve volume is 1,200 mL. Your vital capacity is __________ A. 5,800 B. 3,800 C. 3,000 D. 4,700

4,700

Normally, the systemic arterial blood has a PO2 of ___________ mm Hg, a PCO2 of ___________ mm Hg, and a pH of ________ A. 40; 7.4; 95 B. 95; 40; 7.4 C. 95; 7.4; 40 D.40; 95; 7.4

95; 40; 7.4

Gas exchange between the air and the blood occurs in which of the following? A. Tertiary bronchi B. Secondary bronchiole C. Trachea D. Alveoli

Alveoli

Where is the trachea located? A. Posterior to the esophagus B. Superior to the larynx C. Anterior to the esophagus D. Lateral to the mediastinum

Anterior to the esophagus

Which of the following is not a function of the respiratory system? A. Promotes the flow of lymph and venous blood B. Assists in the synthesis of vasodilators C. Helps regulate blood pressure D. Aids in defecation

Assists in the synthesis of vasodilators

Why does air flow into the lungs during inspiration? A. Resistance increases in the lungs during inspiration, and air always takes the pathway with the greatest resistance. B. Intrapulmonary pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure, and air flows toward higher pressure regions. C. Atmospheric pressure is greater than intrapulmonary pressure, and air flows toward the lower pressure area. D. Pressure is the same in the atmosphere and in the lungs.

Atmospheric pressure is greater than intrapulmonary pressure, and air flows toward the lower pressure area.

Which law states that the total atmospheric pressure is a sum of the contributions of the individual gases? A. Charles's B. Dalton's C. Newton's D. Boyle's

Dalton's

Which law states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of its individual gases? A. Henry's B. Boyle's C. Dalton's D. Valsalva's

Dalton's

What are the most numerous cells in the lungs? A. Type I alveolar cells B. Type II alveolar cells C. Dust cells D. Mucosal cells

Dust cells

How is the vital capacity calculated? A. Inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume B. Expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume C. Expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume D. Respiratory volume + tidal volume

Expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume

How is the vital capacity calculated? A. Respiratory volume + tidal volume B. Inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory volume C. Expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume D. Expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume

Expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume ( ERV+TV+IRV)

Which bronchus is about 5cm long and slightly narrower and more horizontal than the one on the opposite side? A. Right segmental bronchus B. Right main bronchus C. Left main bronchus D. Left segmental bronchus

Left main bronchus

In the air we breathe, which gas is found in the highest concentration? A. Nitrogen B. Hydrogen C. Water vapor D. Oxygen

Nitrogen

Polio can sometimes damage the brainstem respiratory centers and result in which condition? A. Ondine's curse B. Adult respiratory distress syndrome C. A pneumothorax D. A Bohr effect

Ondine's curse

Which of the following would lead to anemic hypoxia? A. Emphysema B.Atelectasis C. Sickle-cell disease D. Asthma

Sickle-cell disease

Why do the lungs expand along with the thoracic cage during inspiration? a. Air entering the pleural cavity pushes against the visceral pleura. b. The parietal pleura and visceral pleura are connected along their surfaces via tight junctions. c. The cohesion of water causes the visceral pleura to cling to the parietal pleura. d. Muscles in the walls of the alveoli contract, pulling them open and sucking air into the lungs.

The cohesion of water causes the visceral pleura to cling to the parietal pleura.

Which best describes what happens during exhalation? A. The diaphragm contracts, intrapulmonary pressure increases, air flows out B. The diaphragm contracts, intrapulmonary pressure decreases, air flows out C. The diaphragm relaxes, intrapulmonary pressure decreases, air flows out D. The diaphragm relaxes, intrapulmonary pressure increases, air flows out

The diaphragm relaxes, intrapulmonary pressure increases, air flows out

Choose all that are functions of the larynx. A. To absorb atmospheric oxygen B. To detect odors C. To produce sound D. To keep food and drink out of the airway

To produce sound To keep food and drink out of the airway

True or false: When the diaphragm contracts and lung volume increases, intrapulmonary pressure drops.

True

Which two ligaments extend from the thyroid cartilage to the arytenoid cartilages? A. Vestibular and vocal B. Laryngeal and corniculate C. Corniculate and cricoid D. Cricoid and arytenoid

Vestibular and vocal

The addition of CO2 to the blood generates ________ ions in the RBCs, which in turn stimulates RBCs to unload more oxygen. A. nitrogen B. potassium C. chloride D. hydrogen

hydrogen

The upper respiratory tract extends from the nose through the __ A. lungs B. larynx C. trachea D. alveoli

larynx

The upper respiratory tract extends from the nose through the ___ A. lungs B. larynx C. trachea D. alveoli

larynx

Each alveolus is surrounded by a web of blood capillaries supplied by the A. inferior vena cava B. superior vena cava C. pulmonary vein D. pulmonary artery

pulmonary artery

Which of the following sets of conditions would shift the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the right? A.↓ PO2, ↑ PCO2, ↑ temperature, ↑ BPG B. ↑ PO2, ↓ PCO2, ↓ temperature, ↓ BPG C. ↓ PO2, ↑ PCO2, ↓ temperature, ↑ BPG D. ↑ PO2, ↓ PCO2, ↑ temperature, ↓ BPG

↓ PO2, ↑ PCO2, ↑ temperature, ↑ BPG