Revel Chapter 7 Quiz

In Elizabeth Loftus's "lost in the mall" study, approximately what percentage of people distinctly remembered being lost in a shopping mall after being told that this had happened to them, even though it did not really happen? A. 25% B. 67% C. 10% D. 32%

A. 25%

Over time, children develop greater knowledge of their own memory abilities and limitations. The term used to describe this is __________. A. meta-memory B. learning C. habituation D. comprehension

A. meta-memory

Our memory for how to do things is called __________. A. procedural memory B. mnemonic memory C. explicit memory D. semantic memory

A. procedural memory

Zhenya remembers that St. Paul is the capital of Minnesota. Alina remembers that she lived in St. Paul when she was 12 years old. Zhenya is demonstrating __________ memory, whereas Alina is demonstrating __________ memory. A. semantic; episodic B. episodic; semantic C. semantic; procedural D. procedural; semantic

A. semantic; episodic

George Sperling's partial report method studies from the 1960's demonstrated that when a display of 12 letters was viewed, participants retained all of the letters in __________ but not all of them could be transferred to short-term memory. A. sensory memory B. episodic memory C. explicit memory D. semantic memory

A. sensory memory

What is the general progression of memory loss for patients with Alzheimer's disease? A. older memories are more easily corrupted, whereas recent memories remain intact B. Memory for recent events fades first, with distant memories usually being the last to go. C. Short-term memory disappears within a month of diagnosis. D. memory loss is random, haphazard, and unpredictable

B. Memory for recent events fades first, with distant memories usually being the last to go.

That frustrating feeling of knowing you know something but cannot pull it out of your brain at the moment you want it is known as the TOT phenomenon, because __________. A. it was identified by the research team of Tattinger, Osprey, and Thomas B. TOT stands for "tip-of-the-tongue" C. TOT stands for Too Old to Think D. it primarily happens to very young children or "tots"

B. TOT stands for "tip-of-the-tongue"

The two primary reasons why short-term memories fade are __________ and __________. A. substitution; migration B. decay; inference C. reversal; proaction D. intrusion; obstruction

B. decay; inference

When we have encountered a stimulus before, we are able to identify it more quickly and easily. The term for this subtype of implicit memory is __________. A. conditioning B. priming C. habituation D. sensitization

B. priming

Which of the following is one of the three processes of memory? A. literacy B. retrieval C. pegword D. schema

B. retrieval

Which of the following statements is true? A. It is nearly impossible to implant a false memory in a person, unless the person is high in suggestibility B. It is easier to implant a false memory from the recent past than a false memory from the distant past C. It is easier to implant a false memory that is plausible than one that is implausible D. Recovering repressed memories is like rewinding a video-recording of one's life events

C. It is easier to implant a false memory that is plausible than one that is implausible

There are various techniques available to help people improve their ability to recall material. For example, when you remember something new by connecting it mentally to something you already know, you are using __________. A. levels of processing B. distributed study C. elaborative rehearsal D. a mnemonic device

C. elaborative rehearsal

More than 300 convicted prisoners to date have been released because DNA evidence showed they were innocent, despite confident testimony from __________. A. psychologists B. prosecutors C. eyewitnesses D. forensic specialists

C. eyewitnesses

Although it is presented as the most common kind of memory loss in the popular media, with depictions of someone losing all memory of his or her past, __________ is not actually the most common kind of amnesia. A. infantile amnesia B. anterograde amnesia C. generalized amnesia D. retrograde amnesia

C. generalized amnesia

A memory that is actually false but "feels real" and can be triggered by, for example, looking at a list of associated words, is called a(n) __________. A. representative heuristic B. paradoxical memory C. memory illusion D. active reconstruction

C. memory illusion

Psychologists measure people's memory abilities by assessing three capacities: __________. A. recall, retrieval, and reconstruction B. retrieval, recall, and relearning C. recall, recognition, and relearning D. relearning, receptivity, and retrieval

C. recall, recognition, and relearning

Although using __________ can sometimes lead to mistakes, they provide us with a frame of reference for interpreting new situations. A. interpretive expectations B. storage menus C. schemas D. disambiguation tables

C. schemas

When we are not sure where a memory really came from ("Did it actually happen? Or was it all a dream?") we can use cues such as how vivid and detailed the memory is to determine the answer. This process is called __________. A. cryptomnesia B. considered recollection C. source monitoring D. initial recollection

C. source monitoring

__________ allows you to remember auditory stimuli for up to 5 or 10 seconds. A. Eidetic memory B. Iconic memory C. Recovered memory D. Echoic memory

D. Echoic memory

ZAK, BOL, GID, YAF, and other nonsense syllables were used in some of the earliest studies of memory, conducted by __________. A. Arnold Swanson B. Herman von Helmholtz C. Martin Barre D. Hermann Ebbinghaus

D. Hermann Ebbinghaus

Which of the following describes the term "schema"? A. the process of keeping information in memory B. a learning aid, strategy, or device that enhances recall C. the process of getting information into our memory banks D. an organized knowledge structure or mental model that we have stored in memory

D. an organized knowledge structure or mental model that we have stored in memory

Without even noticing that you are doing it, what memory technique do you use to remember larger quantities of information, even though your short-term memory capacity only holds about nine bits of information? A. the Magic Number technique B. elaborative rehearsal C. depth of processing D. chunking

D. chunking

Unintentional plagiarism has been attributed to __________, which occurs when someone says they forgot having been exposed to the plagiarized material earlier and thought they had created it themselves. A. suggested memory B. misinformation effect C. monitoring failure D. cryptomnesia

D. cryptomnesia

The connections among neurons gradually strengthen over time, and do so by means of repetitive stimulation. This process is known as __________. A. connective synchrony B. lateral processing C. elaborative rehearsal D. long-term potentiation

D. long-term potentiation

Dee Dee has to remember 4 items that he needs at the corner market, so he visualizes the path he will take to get there. He imagines a bar of soap hanging from a large tree, envisions a roll of paper towels next to a stoplight, "sees" a packet of gum on the newspaper rack, and imagines the fire hydrant spurting out soda. Which memory strategy is Dee Dee relying on? A. keyword technique B. means-end analysis C. pegword technique D. method of loci

D. method of loci