Review Questions - Cerebellum pg.247

Pick the correct answer. The following statements concern the gross appearance of the cerebellum: a) it is separated from the occipital lobes of the cerebral hemispheres by the tentorium cerebelli b) it lies anterior to the medulla and the pons c) the anterior lobe is separated from the posterior lobe by the uvulonodular fissure d) the flocculonodular lobe is separated from the posterior lobe by the horizontal fissure e) the 3rd ventricle is anterior to cerebellum

a) it is separated from the occipital lobes of the cerebral hemispheres by the tentorium cerebelli

Pick the correct answer. The following statements concern the structure of the cerebellum: a) the cerebellum consists of two cerebellar hemispheres joined by a narrow median vermis b) the inferior surface of the cerebellum shows a deep groove formed by the superior surface of the vermis c) the inferior cerebellar peduncles join the cerebellum to the pons d) the gray matter is confined to the cerebellar cortex e) the gray matter of folia of the dentate nucleus has a branched appearance on the cut surface, called the arbor vitae

a) the cerebellum consists of two cerebellar hemispheres joined by a narrow median vermis

Pick the correct answer. The following statements concern the functions: a) the cerebellum influences the actions of the muscle tendons b) Controls voluntary movement by coordinating the force and extent of contraction of different muscles c) Stimulates the contraction of antagonistic muscles d) Directly influences skeletal muscle activity without the assistance of cerebral cortex e) Coordinates the peristaltic waves seen in intestinal muscle

b) Controls voluntary movement by coordinating the force and extent of contraction of different muscles

Pick the correct answer. The following statements concern the cerebellar peduncles: a) in the superior cerebellar peduncle most of the fibers are afferent and arise from the neurons of the spinal cord b) the anterior spinocerebellar tract enters the cerebellum through the superior cerebellar peduncle c) the inferior cerebellar peduncle is made up exclusively of fibers that pass from the inferior olivary nucleus to the posterior lobe d) the middle cerebellar peduncle is formed out of fibers that arise from the dentate nuclei e) the cerebellar peduncles are surface structures that are difficult to see even by brain dissection

b) the anterior spinocerebellar tract enters the cerebellum through the superior cerebellar peduncle

A 45 yr old man who was an alcoholic started to develop a lurching, staggering gait even when he was not intoxicated, the condition became slowly worse over a period of several weeks and then appeared to stabilize. Friends noticed that he had difficulty in walking in tandem with another person and tended to become unsteady on turning quickly. A thorough physical examination revealed the following findings, EXCEPT : a) the patient exhibited instability of trunk movements and in-coordination of leg movements b) while standing still, the patient stood with his feet together c) he had no evidence of polyneuropathy d) the ataxia of the legs was confirmed by performing the heel-to-shin test e) MRI showed evidence of atrophy of vermis

b) while standing still, the patient stood with his feet together

Pick the correct answer. The following statements concern the cerebellum: a) the cerebellum greatly influences the activity of smooth muscle b) the cerebellum has no influence on the skeletal muscles supplied by the cranial nerves c) each cerebellar hemisphere controls the tone of skeletal muscle supplied by spinal nerves on the same side of the body d) the important Purkinje cells are Golgi type II neurons e) the Purkinje cells exert a stimulatory influence on the intracerebellar nuclei

c) each cerebellar hemisphere controls the tone of skeletal muscle supplied by spinal nerves on the same side of the body

Pick the correct answer. The following statements concern the afferent fibers entering the cerebellum: a) the mossy fibers end by making synaptic contacts with the dendrites of the Purkinje cells b) the fibers enter the cerebellum mainly through the internal and external arcuate fibers c) the climbing and mossy fibers constitute the two main lines of input to the cerebellar cortex d) the afferent fibers are inhibitory to the Purkinje cells e) the afferent fibers are non-myelinated

c) the climbing and mossy fibers constitute the two main lines of input to the cerebellar cortex

The following additional abnormal signs were observed, EXCEPT: a) nystagmus in both eyes b) dysarthria c) tremor of left hand when reaching for a cup d) paralysis of the right upper arm muscles e) dysdiachokinesia

d) paralysis of the right upper arm muscles

Pick the correct answer. The following statements concern the intracerebellar nuclei: a) the nuclei are found within the superficial layers of the white matter b) the nuclei are located in the walls of the 4th ventricle c) the nuclei are composed of many small unipolar neurons d) the axons of the nuclei form the main cerebellar outflow e) from medial to lateral, the nuclei are named as follows: dentate, emboliform, globose, fastigial

d) the axons of the nuclei form the main cerebellar outflow

Pick the correct answer. The following statements concern the cerebellum: a) the afferent climbing fibers make single synaptic contacts with individual Purkinje cells b) the afferent mossy fibers may stimulate many Purkinje cells by first stimulating the stellate cells c) the neurons of the intracerebellar nuclei send axons without interruption to the opposite cerebral hemisphere d) the output of the cerebellar nuclei influences muscle activity so that movements can progress in an orderly sequence from one movement to the next e) past pointing is caused by the failure of the cerebral cortex to inhibit the cerebellum after the movement has begun

d) the output of the cerebellar nuclei influences muscle activity so that movements can progress in an orderly sequence from one movement to the next

Pick the correct answer. The following statements concern the cerebellum: a) the cerebellar cortex has a different microscopic structure in different individuals b) the axons of Purkinje cells exert an inhibitory influence on the neurons of the deep cerebellar nuclei c) each cerebellar hemisphere principally influences movement of the opposite hand d) the part of the cerebellum that lies in the midline is called the flocculus e) intention tremor is a sign of cerebellar disease

e) intention tremor is a sign of cerebellar disease The par of the cerebellum that lies in the midline is called vermis.

Pick the correct answer. The following statements concern the structure of the cerebellar cortex: a) the cortex is folded by many vertical fissure into folia b) the structure of the cortex differs widely in different parts of the cerebellum c) the Purkinje cells are found in the most superficial layer of the cortex d) the Golgi cells are found in the most superficial layer of the cortex e) the axons of the Purkinje cells form the efferent fibers from the cerebellar cortex

e) the axons of the Purkinje cells form the efferent fibers from the cerebellar cortex Golgi cells are found to the granular layer (deepest)