RN 240 Ch 53-54, 62-63

A patient with PAGET'S DISEASE is prescribed a bisphosphonate medication. Which additional medication should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? 1) Anticholinergic 2) Thiazide diuretic 3) Antihypertensive 4) Calcium with vitamin D

4

A patient with osteoporosis asks why the health problem developed. What nursing response would be appropriate for this patient? 1) Osteoclasts break down bone with acids and enzymes 2) Osteoclastic activity is greater than osteoblastic activity. 3) Osteoblastic activity is greater than osteoclastic activity. 4) Osteoblasts synthesize and add minerals to the bony matrix.

2

A 70-year-old patient is diagnosed with a low energy fracture. What most likely caused this injury to occur? 1) A fall 2) Contact sport 3) Bicycle accident 4) Motor vehicle collision

1

A nurse is providing care to a group of patients on a urology unit. Which patient does the nurse identify as being at the greatest risk for developing urinary stones? 1) A 35-year-old female with quadriplegia from an auto accident 2) A 65-year-old male with a recent history of myocardial infarction 3) A 50-year-old male with type II diabetes mellitus 4) A 25-year-old female with several episodes of urinary infection

1

A patient admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of gout has also been diagnosed with uric acid renal calculi. When planning meals for this patient, which diet will the nurse anticipate? 1) Low-purine diet 2) Low-sodium diet 3) A diet high in calcium 4) A diet low in calcium

1

A patient is diagnosed with PAGET'S DISEASE. What finding should the nurse expect when assessing this patient? 1) Pain 2) Edema 3) Hypotension 4) Abdominal cramps

1

A patient is seeking medical treatment for chronic low back pain. Which approach will help speed this patient's recovery? 1) Regular exercise 2) Spinal injections ease inflammation. 3) NSAIDs pain relief. 4) TENS

1

A patient recovering from a traumatic amputation is experiencing phantom limb pain. What should the nurse expect to be included in the treatment plan for this patient? 1) Gabapentin 2) Rigid splint 3) Ice compresses 4) Elevate stump on a pillow

1

A patient recovering from surgery to repair a fractured femur is experiencing extreme pain and pulselessness. What should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? 1) Fasciotomy 2) Limb CT scan 3) Intravenous fluids 4) Anticoagulant therapy

1

A patient seeks medical treatment for a meniscus injury. What assessment finding would suggest a reason this injury occurred? 1) History of chronic joint disease 2) Participation in cycling or golf 3) Intake of sufficient water and protein 4) Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

1

A patient with BONE CANCER is admitted for treatment. What finding should the nurse expect to observe when assessing this patient? 1) Limp 2) Muscle atrophy 3) Skin discoloration 4) Dependent edema

1

A patient with acute kidney injury is complaining of a metallic taste in the mouth and has no appetite. Based on this data, which intervention by the nurse is the most appropriate? 1) Provide mouth care before meals 2) Administer an antiemetic as prescribed 3) Restrict fluids 4) Encourage the intake of protein, salt, and potassium

1

During a home visit, the nurse is concerned that an older adult patient is developing chronic kidney disease. The patient has no history of cardiovascular disease. Which data in the patient's assessment caused the nurse to have this concern? 1) Progressive edema 2) Complaints of hip joint pain 3) Recent increase in hunger and thirst 4) Warm moist skin

1

The blood pressure of a patient recovering from total hip replacement surgery is dropping. What should the nurse suspect is occurring with this patient? 1) Blood loss 2) Pain medication overdose 3) Development of a DVT 4) Development of a postoperative infection

1

The nurse is assessing an adult patient in a urology clinic. The patient reports that she has been having "accidents" and expresses frustration about this normal part of aging. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? 1) "Tell me more about what you are experiencing." 2) "You may need to have surgery to manage this problem." 3) "I understand you are frustrated about this occurrence." 4) "Unfortunately, aging and incontinence go hand in hand."

1

The nurse is attempting to place a urinary catheter for an older adult female patient. The nurse is unable to visualize the patient's urinary meatus. Which alternate position for catheterization may be appropriate for this patient? 1) Side-lying, lifting up the buttock 2) Supine, with the HOB elevated at 30° 3) Supine, with the head of bed (HOB) elevated at 45° 4) Supine, with the bed flat, legs bent and apart in stirrups

1

The nurse is caring for a patient who is diagnosed with acute kidney injury. When reviewing the patient's laboratory data, which finding indicates that a patient has met the expected outcomes? 1) Decreasing serum creatinine 2) Decreasing neutrophil count 3) Decreasing lymphocyte count 4) Decreasing erythrocyte count

1

The nurse is planning care for a patient with OSTEOSARCOMA. What should be done before encouraging the patient to increase activity? 1) Assess for pain 2) Assess heart rate 3) Measure blood pressure 4) Provide assistive devices

1

The nurse is planning care for the patient with acute kidney injury. The nurse plans the patient's care based on the nursing diagnosis of Excess Fluid Volume. Which assessment data supports this nursing diagnosis? 1) Pitting edema in the lower extremities 2) Bowel sounds positive in four quadrants 3) Wheezing in the lungs 4) Generalized weakness

1

The nurse is preparing to discharge a patient with chronic kidney disease. The nurse is teaching the patient and family about administering calcium acetate tablets by mouth with each meal at home. Which explanation about this medication is the most appropriate? 1) "The calcium acetate will lower your serum phosphate levels." 2) "The calcium acetate helps to neutralize your gastric acids." 3) "The calcium acetate will help to stimulate your appetite." 4) "The calcium acetate will decrease your serum creatinine levels."

1

The nurse is providing care to a patient diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which assessment finding would indicate to the nurse that the patient is experiencing an infection? 1) Increased temperature 2) Increased blood pressure 3) Decreased white blood cell count 4) Decreased urine output

1

The nurse is providing care to a patient who is diagnosed with renal trauma. The patient is experiencing hematuria and contusions but has normal imaging studies. Which grade of renal trauma should the nurse document? 1) Grade 1 2) Grade 2 3) Grade 3 4) Grade 4

1

The nurse is providing care to a patient who may have polycystic kidney disease. Which is the first symptom the nurse should assess this patient for? 1) Hypertension 2) Hematuria 3) Urinary frequency 4) Urinary calculi

1

The nurse is providing care to a patient with urge incontinence. Which drug classification should the nurse include in the patient's plan of care? 1) Anticholinergic 2) Topical estrogen 3) Alpha-adrenergic agonist 4) Calcium channel blocker

1

The nurse is providing education to a patient who is diagnosed with renal carcinoma. The patient states, "My doctor says I am a stage I. What does that mean?" Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? 1) "Your cancer is limited to the renal capsule." 2) "Your cancer involves the perirenal fat but is confined to fascia with metastasis to the adrenal gland." 3) "Your cancer involves the regional lymph node, renal vein, and vena cava." 4) "Your cancer involves metastases to other sites in the body."

1

The nurse notes that a patient recovering from surgery to repair a torn meniscus has a blood pressure of 158/90 mm Hg. This finding would suggest that the nurse also assess the patient for which condition? 1) Pain 2) Edema 3) Infection 4) Hemorrhage

1

The nurse providing care to a patient whose medication therapy for the treatment of renal calculi has failed. Based on this data, which treatment option does the nurse anticipate for this patient? 1) Lithotripsy 2) Surgical removal 3) Dietary control 4) Initiation of IV fluids

1

The nurse requests an occupational therapy consultation for a patient with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome. What is the reason for this consultation? 1) Evaluate the work area 2) Instruct on hand exercises 3) Instruct on the use of splints 4) Review the action of NSAIDs

1

The nurse suspects that while playing basketball a patient sustained a meniscus tear. What information did the nurse use to make this decision? 1) Knee pops when bent 2) Weak peripheral pulses 3) Reduced muscle tone of the thigh 4) Calf cramping with the knees bent

1

Which intervention should the nurse include in the patient's plan of care to decrease the risk for developing a catheter-associated urinary tract infection? 1) Implementing intermittent catheterization 2) Administering the prescribed prophylactic antibiotic 3) Retaining the indwelling catheter throughout hospitalization 4) Encouraging the consumption of cranberry juice twice per day

1

While playing tennis a patient fell and fractured the right elbow. For which treatment should the nurse prepare this patient? 1) Cast 2) Splint 3) External fixator 4) Pressure dressing

1

A patient with peripheral vascular disease has a non-healing leg wound. Which observation indicates that the patient is at risk for an elective amputation? 1) Mutilation of soft tissue 2) Development of gangrene 3) Crushed lower extremity bone 4) Severed blood vessels and nerves

2

During a home visit the nurse suspects that a patient recovering from an amputation is not complying with prescribed postoperative care. What observation caused the nurse to make this clinical determination? 1) Suture line pink and slightly edematous 2) Evidence of a developing hip contracture 3) Stump wrapped with a compression bandage 4) Taking opioid medication every 8 to 10 hours

2

A patient is diagnosed with METASTATIC BONE CANCER. Which laboratory value should the nurse expect to see elevated for this patient? Select all that apply. 1) ↑ Serum calcium 2) ↑ Serum alkaline phosphatase 3) ↑ Lactate dehydrogenase (LD) 4) ↑ Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 5) Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

1234

A patient is diagnosed with a third-degree sprain. What should the nurse expect to assess in this patient? SATA 1) Edema 2) Severe pain 3) Ecchymosis 4) Inability to ambulate 5) Altered ability to ambulate

1234

The nurse is providing training for the clinical staff of a skilled care facility and wants to include information on functional incontinence. Which risk factors for functional incontinence will the nurse include in the training? Select all that apply. 1) Limited mobility 2) Impaired vision 3) Lack of access to facilities 4) Dementia 5) Depression

1234

The nurse is planning care for a patient with OSTEOARTHRITIS. On what should the nurse focus when preparing teaching material? Select all that apply. 1) Weight management 2) Nonsteroidal therapy 3) Activity modification 4) Joint replacement surgery 5) Glucosamine and chondroitin

1235

The nurse suspects that a patient with an injured ankle is experiencing neurovascular compromise. What did the nurse assess to come to this conclusion? Select all that apply. 1) Pain 2) Pressure 3) Paralysis 4) Peristalsis 5) Pulselessness

1235

The nurse is reviewing statistics about the frequency of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. What increases the risk of experiencing this type of injury? Select all that apply. 1) Knee torque 2) Less knee flexibility 3) Practicing ice skating 4) Performing gymnastics 5) Less muscular strength

1245

A patient is diagnosed with a small meniscus tear of the right knee. What should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? Select all that apply. 1) Ice 2) Limited rest 3) Physical therapy for a month 4) Total immobility for several weeks 5) Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

125

A patient with frequent urinary tract infections is seen in the urology clinic and is at risk for acute kidney injury. The nurse reviews the patient's medical history. Which item supports the patient's being at risk for acute kidney injury? Select all that apply. 1) Dehydration 2) Renal calculi 3) Ineffective wound healing 4) Low serum albumin 5) Hypertension

125

A middle-aged person is surprised to learn of the development of SCOLIOSIS. What factors in the patient's history increased the risk for this health problem? Select all that apply. 1) BMI 31.4 2) Plays tennis twice a week 3) Smokes 1 PPD of cigarettes 4) Cares for two aging parents 5) Employed as a factory worker

1345

The nurse suspects that a home care patient recovering from hip replacement surgery is developing OSTEOMYELITIS. What findings caused the nurse to come to this conclusion? Select all that apply. 1) Fever 2) Bone deformity 3) Pain unrelieved by rest 4) Progressive muscle weakness 5) Tenderness and warmth at the surgical site

135

The nurse is preparing to administer hemodialysis treatment for a patient with chronic kidney disease. Which laboratory values does the nurse anticipate prior to the patient's treatment? SATA 1) Increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 2) Decreased potassium 3) Decreased phosphorus 4) Increased urine osmolality 5) Increased creatinine

15

A patient recovering from surgery for bone cancer is scheduled for postoperative RADIATION treatments. What should the nurse emphasize when providing teaching before a treatment? 1) Apply lotion to the skin 2) Examine the condition of the skin 3) Coat the skin with protective cream 4) Lightly dust the skin with talcum powder

2

A patient recovering from surgery to repair a fractured hip is placed on skin traction. Which finding indicates that the traction is being effective? 1) Strong peripheral pulses 2) Reduction in muscle spasms 3) Improved mobility of the foot 4) Reduction of lower extremity edema

2

A patient recovering from total hip replacement surgery is having difficulty with position changes and ambulation. Which member of the interdisciplinary team should be consulted to address this patient's issues? 1) Orthopedic nurse 2) Physical therapist 3) Orthopedic surgeon 4) Occupational therapist

2

A patient with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) has significant muscle damage. What is the primary reason for this destruction? 1) High body fat 2) Lack of dystrophin 3) Breakdown of collagen 4) Decreased body protein

2

A patient with Paget's disease is demonstrating manifestations of a fracture. What diagnostic test should be ordered to confirm if a fracture has occurred? 1) X-ray 2) Bone scan 3) Myelogram 4) Angiogram

2

The nurse is concerned that an older adult patient is at risk for developing acute kidney injury. Which information in the patient's history supports the nurse's concern? Select all that apply. 1) Diagnosed with hypotension 2) Recent aortic valve replacement surgery 3) Prescribed high doses of intravenous antibiotics 4) Total hip replacement surgery five years ago 5) Taking medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus

123

A patient is complaining of dull flank pain. List the order of the steps the nurse should take in conducting the physical assessment for this patient. 1) Instruct the patient 2) Position the patient 3) Assess the general appearance 4) Inspect the abdomen for color, contour, symmetry, and distention

1234

A patient with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) does not want to have surgery. What is this patient at risk for developing? 1) Infection 2) Chronic pain 3) Further nerve injury 4) Hematoma formation

2

The manager notes that several nurses have been seen in employee health for low back pain over the last month. What type of education should the manager plan to help reduce the incidence of this health problem? 1) Safety 2) Body mechanics 3) Coordinating care 4) Stress management

2

The nurse educator is speaking with a group of students about renal disorders. Which statement is appropriate for the educator to include regarding renal stones? 1) "Older adult patients are particularly at risk for urolithiasis." 2) "Young- or middle-age adult men are at an increased risk for stones." 3) "Women have a greater risk overall than men." 4) "Frequency is greater in the northern United States."

2

The nurse is caring for a patient admitted with a diagnosis of acute kidney injury. The patient asks the nurse, "Are my kidneys failing? Will I need a kidney transplant?" Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? 1) "No, don't think that. You're going to be fine." 2) "Your condition can be reversed with prompt treatment and usually will not destroy the kidney." 3) "Kidney transplantation is likely, and it would be a good idea to start talking to family members." 4) "When the doctor comes to see you, we can talk about whether you will need a transplant."

2

The nurse is caring for a patient who will be discharged with an indwelling catheter. The nurse has provided education to the patient and family about catheter care once the patient is discharged. Which patient or family action indicates a correct understanding of the information presented? 1) Hanging the drainage bag on the towel rod 2) Taking a shower each day instead of taking a tub bath 3) Restricting the amounts of fluids per day 4) Emptying the drainage bag twice a day

2

The nurse is providing care to a patient who is experiencing urine leakage when coughing or laughing. Which type of incontinence should the nurse include in this patient's plan of care? 1) Urge 2) Stress 3) Overflow 4) Functional

2

The nurse is providing care to a patient with stress incontinence. Which drug classification should the nurse include in the patient's plan of care? 1) Anticholinergic 2) Topical estrogen 3) Alpha-adrenergic agonist 4) Calcium channel blocker

2

The nurse is reviewing postoperative instructions with a patient recovering from carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) surgery. Which statement indicates that additional teaching would be required? 1) "I should take the pain medication as prescribed." 2) "I should expect my hand to feel numb for a few weeks." 3) "I should perform hand exercises as directed by the therapist." 4) "I should stop any activity that causes hand numbness or pain."

2

The nurse is triaging a patient who presents to the urgent care clinic with symptoms of severe flank pain with spasms, nausea, vomiting, and oliguria. The patient states that the pain was initially intermittent and radiated from the lower back to the lower quadrants of the abdomen. Which action by the nurse is the most appropriate? 1) Complete the physical assessment 2) Refer the patient to a urologist 3) Instruct the patient to increase fluids 4) Obtain a urine specimen for culture

2

The nurse on the medical unit is admitting an older adult patient whose primary symptoms include fatigue, pruritus, and pain in the right flank area. When conducting this patient's assessment, which technique is the most appropriate? 1) Palpation over the costovertebral angles and flanks 2) Blunt percussion over the costovertebral angles and flanks 3) Palpation of the lower pole of both kidneys 4) Capturing of both kidneys

2

While caring for a patient with chronic kidney disease, the nurse tracks the patient's serum albumin level. For which nursing diagnosis is the action most indicated? 1) Excess Fluid Volume 2) Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements 3) Risk for Ineffective Perfusion 4) Risk for Infection

2

A victim of a motor vehicle crash has a partially severed lowered extremity. What emergency care does this patient need? Select all that apply. 1) Administer antibiotics 2) Prepare for blood transfusions 3) Prepare for emergency surgery 4) Assess for active hemorrhaging 5) Monitor effectiveness of tourniquet

2345

The nurse suspects a patient has SCOLIOSIS. What observations caused the nurse to make this decision? Select all that apply. 1) Even gait 2) Uneven waist 3) Different arm lengths 4) Lateral curve of the spine 5) Uneven hem line at the knees

2345

A middle-aged person with scoliosis asks why exercises are prescribed when the pain is already severe. How should the nurse respond to this patient? 1) "Exercise will stop the pain caused by the deformity." 2) "Pain medication should not be needed for people with scoliosis." 3) "Exercise can reverse and prevent the progression of the spinal deformity." 4) "Exercise helps with weight management, which is a major reason for the problem."

3

A patient has an injury where one side of the bone is bent and the other is fractured. How should the nurse document this fracture? 1) Spiral 2) Oblique 3) Greenstick 4) Comminuted

3

A patient is admitted to the emergency department and diagnosed with urinary calculi after experiencing symptoms for one week. When planning care for this patient, which nursing diagnosis is the most appropriate? 1) Risk for Constipation 2) Risk for Disuse Syndrome 3) Imbalanced Nutrition 4) Activity Intolerance

3

A patient is treated for a second-degree sprain. Which patient statement indicates that teaching about care has been ineffective? 1) "I should apply ice." 2) "I should elevate my leg." 3) "I should expect the leg to feel numb." 4) "I should take pain medication as directed."

3

A patient with a history of hypertension is diagnosed with chronic kidney disease. When the patient asks the nurse how this occurred, which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? 1) "Thickening of the kidney structures and gradual death of nephrons has caused this diagnosis." 2) "Cysts compress renal tissue that destroys the kidneys, causing this diagnosis." 3) "High blood pressure reduces renal blood flow and harms the kidney tissue, causing this diagnosis." 4) "Immune complexes form in the kidney tissue that causes inflammation, causing this diagnosis."

3

The nurse is caring for a patient with a history of chronic urinary tract infections. The nurse is planning care for this patient based on the priority nursing diagnosis of urinary retention related to scarring. Based on this data, which prescription does the nurse anticipate from the health-care provider? 1) Antibiotic therapy 2) An anticholinergic medication 3) Intermittent straight catheterization 4) Removal of bladder stones

3

A patient with renal failure is receiving peritoneal dialysis. The nurse is explaining the process to the patient. Which statement would the nurse include in a discussion with the patient? 1) "The peritoneum is more permeable because of the presence of excess metabolites." 2) "The metabolites will diffuse from the interstitial space to the bloodstream mainly through diffusion and ultrafiltration." 3) "The peritoneum acts as a semipermeable membrane through which wastes move by diffusion and osmosis." 4) "The solutes in the dialysate will enter the bloodstream through the peritoneum."

3

A patient with chronic kidney disease is experiencing manifestations of anemia. Based on this data, which treatment does the nurse anticipate for this patient? 1) Begin fluid restriction. 2) Administer intravenous glucose and insulin. 3) Begin a low-sodium diet. 4) Epoetin injections

4

A patient with severe hip pain is diagnosed with osteoarthritis (OA). What information should the nurse provide to the patient about this disease process? 1) "OA causes an overgrowth of cartilage in the joints." 2) "OA causes joint fluid to become bluish-white in color." 3) "OA causes a decrease in joint fluid that affects the cartilage." 4) "OA causes a build of fluid in the joints, hindering movement."

3

A patient with urinary calculi is admitted to the hospital. When planning care for this patient, which goal is most appropriate? 1) The patient will lose 25 pounds in three months. 2) The patient will ambulate three times a day. 3) The patient will request pain medication at the onset of pain. 4) The patient will shower independently.

3

The nurse is administering peritoneal dialysis to a patient with acute kidney injury. The nurse notes the presence of a cloudy dialysate return. After notifying the health-care provider, which action by the nurse is the most appropriate? 1) Measure abdominal girth 2) Document the cloudy dialysate 3) Culture the dialysate return 4) Increase dialysate instillation

3

The nurse is caring for a patient with a urinary catheter. Which nursing diagnosis is a priority for this patient? 1) Chronic Pain related to an obstruction 2) Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity related to incontinence 3) Risk for Infection related to catheter placement 4) Self-Care Deficit related to presence of urinary catheter

3

The nurse is providing care to a patient who is diagnosed with stress incontinence. Which assessment data would the nurse expect to collect while performing the patient's health history and physical? Select all that apply. 1) Urine leakage while talking 2) Urine leakage while coughing 3) Urine leakage while laughing 4) Skin breakdown on the buttock 5) A urinary catheter

234

The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic kidney disease who is pale and experiencing fatigue. The nurse attributes these symptoms to anemia secondary to chronic kidney disease. The patient's spouse asks why the patient is anemic. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? 1) "Your spouse has a genetic tendency for the development of anemia." 2) "The increased metabolic waste products in the body depress the bone marrow and cause anemia." 3) "There is a decreased production by the kidneys of the hormone erythropoietin, which is the cause of anemia." 4) "The patient is not eating enough iron-rich foods, which is causing anemia."

3

The nurse is evaluating dietary teaching provided to a patient recovering from osteomyelitis. Which meal choice indicates that additional teaching is required? 1) Green salad, meat loaf, brown rice, and broccoli 2) Caesar's salad, pork loin slices, sauerkraut, baked potato, and sautéed carrots 3) Tossed salad, spaghetti with marinara sauce, Italian bread, and creamed spinach 4) Iceberg lettuce wedge, baked chicken breast, parsley red potatoes, and green beans

3

The nurse is planning care for a patient with chronic kidney disease and osteoporosis. After reviewing the patient's medical record, which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient? 1) Anxiety 2) Disturbed Body Image 3) Risk for Injury 4) Risk for Bleeding

3

The nurse is preparing a teaching tool for a community health program. What should the nurse include as a risk factor for the development of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)? 1) Male gender 2) Age less than 20 3) Plays musical instruments 4) Works as a marketing manager

3

The nurse is providing care for a patient diagnosed with chronic kidney disease who is experiencing hyperkalemia. When planning meals for this patient, which choice would be most appropriate for this patient? 1) Hamburger on a bun, banana 2) Cold cuts with bun with fresh pears 3) Spaghetti and meat sauce, breadsticks 4) Carrots and green, leafy vegetables

3

The nurse is providing care to a patient who is diagnosed with bladder cancer and receiving Bacille Calmette-Guérin therapy. Which is the priority teaching point for this patient? 1) Straining all urine to assess for calculi 2) Flushing the toilet immediately after urination 3) Pouring two cups of bleach in the toilet and flushing 20 minutes later 4) Notifying the health-care provider if the patient does not void every two hours

3

The nurse is providing care to a patient who is diagnosed with renal trauma. The patient has a renal laceration that is greater than 1 cm in depth, but the laceration does not involve the collecting system. Which grade of renal trauma should the nurse document? 1) Grade 1 2) Grade 2 3) Grade 3 4) Grade 4

3

The nurse is providing care to a patient with a spinal cord injury. Which type of incontinence should the nurse include in this patient's plan of care? 1) Urge 2) Stress 3) Overflow 4) Functional

3

The nurse provides education for a patient who is experiencing urinary incontinence. Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further education? 1) "Relaxation of pelvic muscles may be a factor in incontinence." 2) "Reduced urethral resistance can be a cause of incontinence." 3) "Incontinence is normal with aging." 4) "A disturbance of my bladder is a factor in the development of incontinence."

3

The nurse is caring for an older adult patient diagnosed with chronic kidney disease. The patient reports no bowel movement in the past two days. Based on this data, which condition is the patient at an increased risk for developing? 1) Metabolic acidosis 2) Hypocalcemia 3) Increased serum creatinine levels 4) Hyperkalemia

4

A young school-age patient is in the hospital with acute kidney injury following a streptococcus infection. The parents are Spanish-speaking and speak little English. The parents, through an interpreter, ask the nurse what mistake they made that caused the child to be so sick. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? 1) "Your child does not have enough dietary protein." 2) "Your child has a congenital defect that led to renal failure." 3) "Your child's renal failure has been caused by a low calcium level." 4) "Your child's recent infection may have caused the renal failure."

4

The nurse instructs a patient with chronic kidney disease on the prescribed medication furosemide (Lasix). Which patient statement indicates that teaching has been effective? 1) "I will take this medication to keep my calcium balance normal." 2) "This medication will make sure I have enough red blood cells in my body." 3) "I will take this pill to keep the protein level in my body stable." 4) "This pill will reduce the swelling in my body and get rid of the extra potassium."

4

The nurse is caring for a patient from another country who was admitted with hypertension and chronic kidney disease. The patient is receiving hemodialysis three times a week. The nurse is assessing the client's diet, and the patient reports the use of salt substitutes. When teaching the patient to avoid salt substitute, which rationale supports this teaching point? 1) They will increase the risk of AV fistula infection. 2) They will cause the patient to retain fluid. 3) They will interact with the client's antihypertensive medications. 4) They can potentiate hyperkalemia.

4

The nurse is caring for a patient with a history of kidney stones. The stones have been analyzed and are all composed of calcium phosphate. Based on this data, which foods should the nurse teach the patient to avoid? 1) Chicken, beef, and ham products 2) Organ meats, sardines, and seafood 3) Tomatoes, fruits, and nuts 4) Flour, milk, and ice cream

4

A patient is recovering from surgery to repair a third-degree strain. What needs to be emphasized to the patient about postoperative care? 1) Elevate the extremity 2) Rest the extremity for up to 72 hours 3) Apply ice to the area three to five times a day 4) Immobilize the extremity for four to six weeks

4

A patient is suspected of having osteoporosis. Which diagnostic test should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? 1) MRI 2) CT scan 3) Bone scan 4) DEXA scan

4

A patient sustained a meniscus injury several months ago and did not seek medical attention. What is this patient at risk of developing? 1) Tendonitis 2) Fractured patella 3) Dependent edema 4) Permanent joint damage

4

A nurse evaluating the therapeutic effect of the drug sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) for a patient diagnosed with chronic kidney disease. Which therapeutic effect from the medication does the nurse anticipate? 1) Decreased serum sodium 2) Increased stool excretion 3) Decreased urine specific gravity 4) Decreased serum potassium

4

A patient agrees to receive long-term hemodialysis to treat chronic kidney disease. For which surgical procedure should the nurse instruct this patient? 1) Insertion of a double-lumen catheter into the subclavian artery 2) Placement of a peritoneal catheter 3) Insertion of a subarachnoid-peritoneal shunt 4) Placement of an arteriovenous fistula

4

The nurse is preparing to discharge a patient who underwent lithotripsy in the treatment of a kidney stone. What should the nurse teach the patient to prevent further complications of urinary calculi after discharge? 1) "You will need to increase your oral fluid intake to 1 L/day." 2) "It will be important that you not drive while taking pain medications." 3) "It will be important to maintain a diet high in purines." 4) "You will need to monitor for the signs and symptoms of a urinary tract infection (UTI)."

4

The nurse is providing care to a patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which drug classification should the nurse include in the patient's plan of care? 1) Diuretic 2) Anticholinergic 3) Topical estrogen 4) Alpha-adrenergic agonist

4

The nurse is reviewing discharge instructions for a patient diagnosed with urinary incontinence resulting from a urinary tract infection. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further education? 1) "I should drink plenty of water to prevent damage to my kidneys while I am on the antibiotics for the infection." 2) "Drinking cranberry juice will decrease the risk for developing urinary tract infections." 3) "I will contact the health-care provider prior to taking over-the-counter medications while on my antibiotic." 4) "I will continue to hold my urine while in public so that I do not get another infection."

4

The nurse is working in a urology clinic and is providing care for a patient with urinary stress incontinence. The nurse has chosen the diagnosis of Stress Urinary Incontinence related to sphincter incompetence. Which is the desired outcome for a patient with this diagnosis? 1) The patient will stop the flow of urine when voiding. 2) The patient will improve her incontinence within one month. 3) The patient will empty her bladder every time she voids. 4) The patient will perform four to five squeezes (Kegel exercises) for 10-15 seconds.

4

The nurse suspects that a patient is developing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). What finding caused the nurse to make this clinical determination? 1) Reduced radial pulses 2) Fingers cool to touch 3) Capillary refill > 3 seconds 4) Hand tingling during the night

4

A nurse is completing discharge teaching to a client who had a wound debridement for osteomyelitis. Which of the following information should the nurse include? a. Antibiotic therapy for 3mos. b. Relief of pain indicates the infection is eradicated. c. Airborne precautions are used during wound care. d. Expect paresthesia distal to the wound.

a

The nurse is reviewing orders written for a patient with muscular dystrophy (MD). Which medication should the nurse expect to be prescribed? a. Cortisol b. Furosemide c. Gabapentin d. Acetaminophen

a

A nurse is planning discharge teaching on home safety for an adult client with osteoporosis. Which of the following information should the nurse include? a. Remove throw rugs in walkways. b. Use prescribed assistive devices. c. Remove clutter from the environment. d. Wear soft-bottomed shoes. e. Maintain lighting of doorway areas.

abce

A nurse is performing health screenings at a health fair. Which of the following clients have a risk factor for osteoporosis? Select all that apply. a. A 40yo client who has been taking prednisone for 4mos. b. A 30yo client who jogs 3mi/day. c. A 45yo client who takes phenytoin for seizures. d. A 65yo client who has a sedentary lifestyle. e. A 70yo client who has smoked for 50 yrs.

acde

A nurse is providing information to a client who has osteoarthritis of the hip and knee. Which of the following information should the nurse include? Select all that apply. a. Apply heat to joints to alleviate pain. b. Ice inflamed joints for 30mins following activity. c. Reduce the amount of exercise done on days with increased pain. d. Prop the knees with a pillow while in bed. e. Active ROM is more effective than passive.

ace

A nurse is assessing a client who has osteoarthritis of the knees and fingers. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? Select all that apply. a. Heberden's nodes. b. Swelling of all joints. c. Small body frame. d. Enlarged joint size. e. Limp when walking

ade

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a history of low back injury. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client to prevent problems with low back pain? SATA a. Engage in regular exercise including walking. b. Sit up for 10hrs each day to rest the back. c. Maintain weight within 25% of ideal body weight. d. Create a smoking cessation plan. e. Wear low-heeled shoes.

ade

A nurse is providing dietary teaching about calcium-rich foods to a client that has osteoporosis. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the instructions? a. White bread b. Kale c. Apples d. Brown rice

b

A nurse is admitting an adult client who has suspected osteoporosis. Which of the following findings are risk factors for osteoporosis? Select all that apply. a. History of consuming 1 glass of wine/day. b. Loss in height of 2in. c. BMI of 18. d. Kyphotic curve at upper thoracic spine. e. History of lactose intolerance.

bcde

The nurse is reviewing orders written for a patient with PAGET'S disease. Which medications should the nurse expect to be prescribed? Select all that apply. a. Etidronate (Didronel) b. Ibandronate (Boniva) c. Risedronate (Actonel) d. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) e. Zoledronic acid (Zoledronate)

bce

A patient is diagnosed with a PRIMARY BONE TUMOR. Which treatment should the nurse expect to be prescribed first for this patient? a. Surgery b. Amputation c. Radiotherapy d. Chemotherapy

c

A patient is prescribed ALENDRONATE (Fosamax). What instruction should the nurse provide to the patient about this medication? a) Take at bedtime. b) Take with a full meal. c) Take on an empty stomach. d) Take two hours after breakfast.

c

The nurse is preparing material about back pain for a community health fair. What should be included as a reason why this pain occurs most frequently in the lumbar region of the spine? a) It contains peripheral nerves. b) It is the most rigid area of the spine. c) It is the most flexible area of the spine. d) It anchors the weight of the lower body.

c

The nurse is assigned to care for a patient with MD. What should the nurse expect to assess in this patient? Select all that apply. a) Nausea and vomiting b) Alteration in cardiac rhythm c) Progressive muscle weakening d) Reduction in respiratory excursion e) Wasting of voluntary muscle groups

ce

A patient is experiencing severe lower back pain that radiates down the leg causing weakness. Which diagnostic test should be considered after an MRI? a. CT scan b. Bone scan c. Spinal X-ray d. EMG

d

A patient recovering from total knee replacement surgery develops osteomyelitis. What teaching should the nurse prepare as a priority for this patient? a. antibiotics b. pain management c. debridement of the wound d. removal of knee prosthesis

d