RN Learning Pharmacology Practice Quiz

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a urinary tract infection and new prescriptions for phenazopyridine and ciprofloxacin. Which of the following statements by the clients indicates the need for further teaching?

"I should notify my provider immediately if my urine turns an orange color." -used to relieve pain and burning during urination -causes urine to turn reddish-orange -This coloration is an expected effect. Can stain clothing -does not need to be reported

A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has asthma and a new prescription for a cromolyn sodium metered dose inhaler. Which of the following statements by the parents indicates the need for further teaching?

"I will give my child a dose as soon as wheezing starts" -Cromolyn is a mast cell inhibitor that has a slow onset and is given for the prophylactic treatment of asthma. -It is not a rescue medication.

A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking isoniazid and rifampin for 3 weeks for the treatment of active pulmonary tuberculosis. The client reports his urine is an orange color. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

"Rifampin can turn the body fluid orange" -can cause body fluids, such as tears, sweat, saliva, and urine, to turn a reddish-orange color -nurse should inform the client that this effect does not cause harm

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg PO daily to treat hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

"Take the hydrochlorothiazide in the morning" -"Take the hydrochlorothiazide in the morning to allow for diuresis during the day and prevent nocturia"

A nurse is preparing to administer heparin 8,000 Units SubQ every 8 hrs. Available is heparin 10,000 Units/ml. How many m: should the nurse administer per dose? Round to nearest 10th

0.8 ml 8,000/10,000 = 0.8

A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide 4 mg/kg/day PO divided into 2 equal doses daily to a toddler who weights 22 Ib. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? Round to nearest whole #

20 mg 4 x 22 = 88 88/2.2 = 40 40/2 = 20

A nurse is preparing to administer lactated Ringer's (LR) 1,000 mL IV to infuse over 8 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 10 get/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? round to the nearest whole number

21 gtt/min 8 X 60 = 480 min 1,000/480 = 2.08 2.08 x 10 = 20.8 = 21

A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 250 mg liquid suspension PO every 8 hrs to an older adult client. Available is amoxicillin 50 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? Round to nearest whole #

5 mL 250/50 = 5

A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral tube feeding through an NG tube at 250 mL over 4 hrs. The nurse should set the pump to deliver how many mL/hr? Round to nearest whole #

63 mL/hr 250/4 = 62.3 = 63

A nurse is planning care for a client who has a seizure disorder and a new prescription for vampiric acid. Which of the following lab values should the nurse plan to monitor?

>PTT >Aspartate aminotrasferase (AST) >Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) -BUN is incorrect. Valproic acid has no effect on kidney function. -PTT is correct. Valproic acid can alter coagulation; therefore, PT and PTT should be monitored. -Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is correct. Valproic acid can cause life-threatening hepatotoxicity. *The client should have baseline liver function tests (LFTs) before starting this medication and LFTs should be repeated at regular intervals during therapy. -Urinalysis is incorrect. Valproic acid has no effect on kidney function. -Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is correct. * ALT is a liver enzyme that is measured as a component of liver function tests. Levels of the enzyme identify liver damage.

A nurse is caring for a client who had peptic ulcer disease and reports a headache. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?

Acetaminophen -acetaminophen is an analgesic used for mild to moderate pain -can be administered to a client who has peptic ulcer disease because it does not affect blood coagulation and does not increase the risk of GI bleeding

A nurse is administering SubQ heparin to a client who is at risk for deep vein thrombosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Administer the medication into the clients abdomen -SubQ = administer into fatty areas -heparin = administered into abdomen

A nurse is assessing a client who has a new prescription for chlorpromazine to treat schizophrenia. The client has a mask-like facial expression and is experiencing involuntary movements and tremors. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?

Amantadine -The client is experiencing parkinsonism = adverse effect of the antipsychotic medication used to treat extrapyramidal manifestations that can occur with chlorpromazine therapy

A nurse on a medical unit is preparing to administer alendronate 40 mg PO for an older adult client who has Paget's disease of the bone. Which of the following actions should be the nurse's priority?

Ambulate the client to a chair prior to administering the medication -The nurse should ambulate the client to a chair and ensure that the client is sitting upright before administering the alendronate to prevent esophagitis from occurring. -The client must also be able to sit or stand upright for 30 min after taking the medication. -The nurse should apply the safety and risk reduction priority-setting framework. - This framework assigns priority to the factor or situation posing the greatest safety risk to the client. -When there are several risks to safety, the one posing the greatest threat is the highest priority. -The nurse should use Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, the ABC priority-setting framework, or nursing knowledge to identify which risk poses the greatest threat to the client.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for tamoxifen. The nurse should recognize that tamoxifen has which of the following therapeutic effects?

Antiestrogenic -Tamoxifen is an antiestrogen medication used to treat cancer of the breast in both pre-and postmenopausal women. -It is also used to prevent breast cancer in women who are at an increased risk.

A nurse is caring for a client who had a prescription for clopidogrel. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Bleeding -clopidogrel is an antithrombotic medication = inhibits platelet aggregation -used to prevent stenosis of: *coronary stents * myocardial infarction *Strokes -nurse should monitor for: *coffee group emesis *Black tarry stoll *Ecchymosis *any indication of bleeding

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a prescription for zolpidem at bedtime to promote sleep. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Dizziness -can cause dizziness and daytime drowsiness -can cause confusion in older adults

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a new prescription for amitriptyline to treat depression. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse plan to perform prior to starting the client on this medication?

Electrocardiogram -amitriptyline can cause tachycardia and ECG changes. -older adult is at risk for the cardiovascular effects of amitriptyline = there an ECG should be performed prior to the start of therapy to obtain a baseline of the client's cardiovascular status

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has gout and a new prescription for allopurinol. The nurse should instruct the client to discontinue taking the medication for which of the following adverse effects?

Fever -can indicate a potentially fatal hypersensitivity reaction. -should discontinue the allopurinol and notify provider if a fever or rash develops

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for enalapril. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

Hypotension -enalapril = angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE inhibitor) -can cause hypotension and postural hypotension, especially during the first 3 hrs following the initial dosage

A nurse is providing teaching to a newly licensed nurse about metoclopramide. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following conditions is a contraindication to this medication?

Intestinal obstruction -metoclopramide = reduces nausea and vomiting by increasing gastric motility and promoting gastric emptying -contraindicated for a client wh0 has an intestinal obstruction or perforation

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has ulcerative colitis and a new prescription for sulfasalazine. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

Jaundice -sulfasalazine = causes a yellow discoloration of the skin and yellow orange discoloration of the urine -nurse should instruct the client to notify the provider if these occur

A nurse is reviewing lab values for a client who reports fatigue and cold intolerance. The client had increased thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and decreased total T3 and T4 levels. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications?

Levothyroxine -replaces thyroid hormone for a client who has hypothyroidism. -includes fatigue, cold intolerance, and decreased body temp and pulse

A nurse is providing teaching to a newly licensed nurse about caring for a client who has a prescription for gemfibrozil. The nurse should instruct the newly licensed nurse to monitor which of the following laboratory tests?

Liver function -gemfibrozil = reduces triglycerides = decreases liver's uptake of fatty acids -can cause liver toxicity = the nurse should monitor the liver function

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescripition for ergotamine. Ther nurse should recognize the ergotamine is administered to treat which of the follwing?

Migraine headache -ergotamine = prevents/stops migraine headaches by blocking alpha-adrenergic receptors in the cranial peripheral vascular smooth muscle -causes vasoconstriction of dilated cerebral blood vessels

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for chlorothiazide to treat hypertension. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Muscle weakness -Chlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure. -It promotes the excretion of water, sodium, and potassium, and can cause hypokalemia. -Manifestations of hypokalemia include muscle weakness, muscle cramps, and dysrhythmias.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for amphotericin B. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Nephrotoxicity -Amphotericin B is an antifungal medication used to treat severe fungal infections; however, it can cause nephrotoxicity. -The nurse should monitor the client's creatinine every 3 to 4 days and increase fluid intake. -The dosage of amphotericin B should be reduced if the client's creatinine is 3.5 mg/dL or greater.

A nurse is reviewing the lab results for a client who has a prescription for filgrastim. The nurse should recognize that an increase in which of the following values indicates a therapeutic effect of this medication?

Neutrophil count -Filgrastim increases neutrophil production. -It is given to treat neutropenia and reduce the risk of infection for clients who are receiving chemotherapy for cancer or who have undergone bone marrow transplants.

A nurse is caring for a client who is 28 weeks of gestation and is experiencing preterm labor. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?

Nifedipine -a tocolytic medication that is administered to stop preterm labor

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about contraindications to cetriaxone. Ther nurse should include a severe allergy to which of the following medications as a contraindication to ceftriaxone?

Piperacillin -clients who have a severe allergy to piperacillin = penicillin can have a cross-sensitivity to ceftriaxone (3rd generation cephalosporin). -contraindicated for the client who has an allergy to cephalosporin or a severe allergy to penicillin.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has chronic kidney failure with an AV Fistula for hemodialysis and a prescription for epoetin alfa. Which of the following THERAPEUTIC effects of epoetin alfa should the nurse include in the teaching?

Promotes RBC production -epoetin alfa stimulates erythropoiesis in the bone marrow = increases RBC production and reduces anemia -anemia = common in clients who have chronic kidney failure since erythropoietin is produced by the kidney

A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving IV gentamicin three times daily. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is experiencing adverse effect of this medication?

Proteinuria -a manifestation of nephrotoxicity, an adverse effect of gentamicin -nurse should monitor for oliguria and hematuria

A nurse is reviewing the lab values for a client who is receiving a continuous IV heparin infusion and has an aPTT of 90 secs. Which of the following actions should the nurse prepare to take?

Reduce the infusion rate -An aPTT of 90 seconds is outside the expected reference range of 60 to 80 seconds, which can cause anticoagulation. -The nurse should contact the provider, reduce the infusion rate, and assess the client for bleeding.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who had cirrhosis and a new prescription for lactulose. Ther nurse should instruct the client that lactulose has which of the following therapeutic effects?

Reduces ammonia levels -lactulose = laxative that promotes the excretion of ammonia in a client who has hepatic encephalopathy from cirrhosis of the liver

A nurse is providing teaching to a newly licensed nurse about administering morphine via IV bolus to a client. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Respiratory depression can occur 7 min after the morphine is administered -Respiratory depression can occur within 7 min following the administration of IV bolus morphine. -The nurse should monitor the client's respirations and have naloxone available to reverse the effects of the morphine.

A nurse is providing teaching to a group of new parents about medications. The nurse should include that aspirin is CONTRAINDICATED for children who have a viral infection due to the risk of developing which of the following adverse effects?

Reye's syndrome -Asprin should not be given to children or adolescents who have a viral infection (chickenpox or influenza) -Risk of developing Reye's syndrome

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has rheumatoid arthritis and a prescription for long-term prednisone therapy. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?

Stress fracture -prednisone can cause demineralization of the bones and can lead to osteoporosis and stress fractures

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of oral candidiasis after taking tetracycline for 7 days. The nurse should recognize that candidiasis is a manifestation of which of the following adverse effects?

Superinfection -A superinfection can develop from the overgrowth of fungus due to the antibacterial effect of tetracycline. -The nurse should monitor the client for manifestations of a superinfection, such as soreness of the mouth and a swollen tongue.

A nurse is administering SubQ epinephrine to a client who is experiencing anaphylaxis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Tachycardia -adverse effects of epinephrine, and adrenergic agonist, can include tachycardia and dysrhythmias as the result of cardiac stimulation