Safety

Explain the role and responsibilities of relevant personnel in WHS consultation and participation:

(i) PCBU In relation to consultation, the person conducting a business or undertaking (PCBU) must facilitate the establishments of the WHS representation model If the HSR model is chosen the PCBU must allow the representative time to carry out the role The HSR will need to work closely with the PCBU in matters relating to safety, and the PCBU must give the representative access to information and support them by providing training to carry out their role (ii) manager/supervisor/team leader Senior and middle management staff have a role to play in consultation They should foster and encourage open discussion on safe work issues and promote a safe work culture They may also lead work groups that elect a representative to the WHS committee (iii) self Individuals have a role to play in consultation Even if they are not a member of a committee or a HSR, every individual has a responsibility to report health and safety concerns and to conduct their work according to workplace policy and procedures (iv) other workers Workers have a duty of care for one another This reinforces the importance of individuals speaking up on issues of workplace safety (v) union The relevant trade union can provide advice for HSRs and committees on workplace safety and consultation processes If required they can represent workers in the case of a dispute about health and safety matters

Explain( with examples used in the hospitality industry and workplace) the importance of identifying and reporting:

(i) WHS issues and concerns Young or inexperienced workers are often hesitant to speak up about issues that concern them However if the health and safety issues go unreported, they cannot be rectified (ii) workplace hazards Workplace hazards must be reported to ensure they can be eliminated or minimised. For example, a frayed or damaged power cord can be identified by clearly tagging it for repair and logging it in the maintenance register Identification of a hazard makes it possible for employees` to change behavior or actions in order to prevent accident or injury (iii) unsafe work practices ' Unsafe work practices must be reported to prevent accidents or damage to equipment or equipment Performing any activity that is contrary to workplace policy and procedure, if serious in nature, may be grounds for dismissal. For example using a meat slicer without a guard attached will be against established policy and could result in serious injury (iv) breaches of health, safety and security Any breach of protocol in regard to health, safety and security must be reported These breacheds may result in an uncontrolled hazard that could present a risk to workers or customers An example of a breach may be to use a fire hose to wash a footpath

importance in adherence to:

(i) standard operating procedures (SOPs) Ensure that the operating procedure are happening correctly and safely (ii) work documentation Ensure that the operating procedure are happening correctly and safely Details your job role and what you are needing to do All documents are to be kept safe for 7 years (iii) work instructions Ensure that the what you are doing happens correctly and safely (iv) workplace policy Ensure that the workplace operates smoothly and everything is happening correctly and safely (v)selection, use and maintenance of PPE All PPE must be provided for every task that requires it, if none is available the task must not be performed Ensures the safety of yourself and others (vi)manual handling techniques: It is important to know the proper techniques for manual handling If it is done incorrectly it can result in injury 16-20kg max for lifting when working individually, in pairs and with a team: bending and twisting moving, lifting, carrying and placing items down working with tools and equipment loading and unloading using mechanical aids/lifting equipment undertaking repetitive tasks recommended weight limits ergonomics and posture: correct placement of equipment sitting and standing positions task rotation use of adjustable furniture

WHS rights, duties and responsibilities of a PCBU (person conducting a business or undertaking)

- Maintain places of work under their control in a safe condition and ensure safe entrances and exits - Make arrangements to ensure the safe handling and transport of plant and substances - Provide and maintain systems of work and work environments that are safe and without risks to health - Provide information, instruction, training, supervision necessary to ensure the health and safety of workers

What is the main purpose and intent of Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 (NSW) (as amended)

- Regulates under the WHS Act - A code of practice provides practical guidance for people who have WHS duties to achieve the standards required under the act and suggest ways to identify and manage risks

List internal and external sources of workplace WHS information

- Workplace/organisation policies and procedures - An emergency plan - Training manuals and documents - Operator's manuals -Workcover NSW and Australian Safety and Compensation Council (ASCC) publications/ safety alerts - Safe Work Australia - Legislation/regulations/codes of practice

WHS rights, duties and responsibilities of a worker (person conducting a business or undertaking)

- take reasonable care of the health and safety of themselves and others - cooperate with PCBUs in their efforts to comply with WHS requirements - not interfere with or misuse equipment provided for the health, safety or welfare of persons at work - not obstruct attempts to give aid or attempts to prevent serious risk to the health and safety - not disrupt the workplace by creating false health or safety fears.

hospitality industry and workplace requirements for monitoring and reporting in relation to workplace safety.

-All incidents and accidents in the workplace should be reported and recorded -A written report should be submitted to the employer after the incident has occurred -If an accident has not been reported, compensation entitlements may be affected -The incident should be reported within 24-48 hours after the incident occurred

Why is the application of workplace policy and protocols and regulatory requirements when recording and reporting in relation to WHS?

-Establishments will have protocols around chain of command for reporting health and safety issues. -They may have instructions about how to complete a maintenance request or a first aid log. WHS meeting outcomes are reported to employees.

Importance of reporting and monitoring

-If an incident is not reported to the proper authority the issue has no way of being resolved in a quick and correct manner -The incident may not be reported correctly and will not know the proper way to handle the incident -All workers need to act within level of authority. Most issues can be reported straight to a supervisor, manager, HSR or a work health safety committee member

What is the difference between a hazard and a risk?

A hazard is something that has the potential to cause harm A risk is the chance of something harmful happening

codes and practices relating to WHS consultation

A person conducting a business or undertaking must consult, so far as is reasonably practicable, with workers who carry out work for the business or undertaking and who are (or are likely to be) directly affected by a health and safety matter http://www.safework.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0013/50071/whs-consultation-cooperation-coordination-code-of-practice-3568.pdf

10.Outline the application of workplace policy and protocols and regulatory requirements when recording and reporting in relation to incidents, accidents and emergencies

Accurately reporting and recording all events is vital. Ensure workplace policy and protocols, and regulatory requirements are applied when recording and reporting on incidents, accidents and emergencies. Following emergency procedures properly enables all those involved to achieve the best possible results and minimises harm to everyone. Work Health and Safety (WHS) Act sets out certain types of workplace incidents that need to be notified to regulators. Only the most serious safety incidents are intended to be notifiable and they trigger requirements to preserve the incident site pending further direction from the regulator. Notifiable incidents are:the death of a persona 'serious injury or illness', ora dangerous incident arising out of work carried out by a business, undertaking or a workplace. Notifiable incidents relate to any person—whether an employee, contractor or member of the public. If a notifiable incident occurs the WHS Act sets out that: immediate notification of a 'notifiable incident' to the regulator, after becoming aware of it if the regulator asks—written notification with 48 hours of the request, and preservation of the incident site until an inspector arrives or directs otherwise.

Explain the primary role/function of SafeWork NSW

Administers and provides advice on the WHS Act and Regulation. Provides support for work health and safety regulation and Insurance and Care NSW for workers compensation insurance

6 Explain the. importance of safe work procedures and practices in the workplace

Ahereance to safe work practices and procedures is crutial to prevent workkplace injury and illness Procedures have been devised to make work processes safe Following these procedures also ensures that the workplace operates efficently, as a loss of productivity due to injury is reduced

An emergency plan

An emergency plan outlines an emergency situation along with appropriate response and explains specific threats and the responses necessary ensure that all those within the workplace are kept safe in any situation.

Define the following: incident, accident and emergency

An incident is an occasion where something has happened. An accident is an unfortunate, unexpected and unintentional incident that results in injury or damage. An emergency is a serious, unexpected or dangerous situation requiring immediate action.

3. Describe each of the following hazards and gives relevant industry examples :

Biological A biological substance that poses a threat to human health Bacteria Mould Yeast human factors (self and others) Hazards introduced into the workplace that are directly related to human behaviour and decision making Stress Poor hygiene Lack of training or supervision Unsafe work practices manual handling Incorrect manual handling occurs when a worker attempts to move items or objects without the appropriate equipment or technique. Lifting incorrectly Lifting above advised weight limits Time pressure Workplace layout and design

dentify a range of incidents, accidents and emergencies common to the hospitality industry

Due to the nature of the hospitality industry, some types of incidents, accidents and emergencies are common. These include: minor to major security breaches, such as those described in the previous section illness and injury to a customer or worker This may be a cut, burn, fall, medical emergency such as a heart attack or severe allergic reaction. intoxicated people on the premises

4. Outline safe work procedures and practices relating to working with:

Electricity Assemble appliances first, then plug it into the power source BE careful with appliance around water Double adaptors should not be used Powerboards should not be overloaded liquid petroleum gas (LPG) It is commonly used to fuel bbqs and outdoor heaters Unfueled heaters or equipment should never be used indoors \Gas cylinder fittings should be checked regularly for leaks and gas bottles must be transported and stored in an upright position inert gases Such as carbon dioxide, are use in ready to go drink beverage systems These gas cylinders should be transported carefully, ensuring that the cylinders do not clash with each other Leaks can be dangerous, causing a toxic buildup of gas in low lying areas such as cellars

Explain first aid:

First aid treatment for the potential injuries should follow the first aid guidelines. First aid is the assistance given to any person suffering a sudden illness or injury, with care provided to preserve life, prevent the condition from worsening and/or promote recovery. Incidents can happen without warning and occur in all workplaces. You must be prepared for first aid emergencies. It is required that all workers have access to:• first aid equipment and facilities • trained staff to administer first aid. Keep first aid kits close to areas where there is a higher risk of injury or illness - for example, in the kitchen. There is a difference between a manageable first aid incident - for example, a cut finger or a sprained ankle - and an emergency situation, such as a serious burn. The first steps are vital and apply to all accident scenes:1 Keep the accident area clear, which may include directing traffic. This may be done by bystanders; ask one of them to also call emergency services. 2 Check for any other dangers, such as fallen wires, fuel or explosive gases, shattered glass or sharp debris, rips in the water or fire. 3 Check that all casualties have been located and assess the priority of their injury management. 4 When calling emergency services, you need to report the exact location of the accident, number of casualties, type of accident and nature of injuries, and what special services may need to attend the site - that is, rescue squad or fire services. All establishments should have an official first-aid officer. To be a first-aid officer, a worker should have appropriate training such as completing a first-aid course with St John's Ambulance. In an emergency, all workers can help, however, if there is a first-aid officer on hand their advice should be sought. In an emergency situation 000 should be contacted to ensure the patient receives the best possible care.

What does HOSE stand for? (Implications of the cost of workplace injury)

Human, Organisational, Social, Economic

Implications of the cost of workplace injury for Social

Include the provision of medical and support facilities, and are also felt by the entire community. Suffering resulting from workplace injury not only impact the individual but also their family, friends and colleagues who may require counseling or are left with the financial burden because of an injury, as some may be permanent or life-changing.

Outline safe work procedures and practices relating to hazardous substances and dangerous goods: (i) correct handling, application, labelling, transport and storage

It is important that all hazardous materials are stored correctly with appropriate labeling, and are kept in a place where no contamination to food may occur PPE is an essential part when handling these materials It is important that training is provided to all workers who are required to use the materials Items are needed to be transported carefully

Explain the importance of acting within the scope of responsibility/level of authority in relation to WHS in the workplace - decision making

It is important to be able to make decisions that are going to fully fix a problem and not cause an inconvenience When faced with many possible solutions to a WHS risk you must choose the best solution for the problem

Explain the primary role/function of SafeWork Australia

Leads to the development of national policy to improve WHS and workers compensation arrangements across Australia. Also carries out research and promotes consistency in legislation developed by the different states and territories in Australia.

Legislation/regulations/codes of practice

Legislation/regulations/codes of practice outline legal requirements employers and employees need to follow in terms of safe work practices for example - An Act legislation set down by parliament. Acts bestow general regulation making powers and allow specific regulations to made under them

Explain the primary role/function of Professional Associations

Many different professional organisations exist to support and encourage the development and upholding of high WHS standards in all workplaces Provide information and updates for all employees and employers

3. Describe each of the following hazards and gives relevant industry examples :

Materials The incorrect use of resources during production or storage Inappropriate storage of food Incorrect use of plant and equipment tools and equipment Tools and equipment become hazards when they are not maintained, stored or used correctly. Unsafe work practices when using hazardous equipment such as knives, meat slicers and other kitchen equipment Failure to maintain plant and equipment work environment An unsafe work environment can include physical factors such as noise, physical dangers or harassment and bullying. Poor layout and design Inadequate lighting A lack of manual handling training Incorrect equipment for manual handling A lack of safety signage

Operator's manuals

Operator's manuals provide all the information needed to operate specific equipment and products They include for use, set-up, cleaning and general maintenance. They also provide warranty details for products

What are the consequences of failure to observe (non-compliance) WHS workplace policy and procedures and legislative requirements. for PCBU and workers

PCBU (employers): fines, litigation, loss of goodwill, organisational costs from injuries in the workplace, medical bills, rise in workers compensation insurance, training new workers, replacing broken or damaged equipment. If PCBUs are negligent in their 'duty of care' they may be fined or shut down if injury is severe (organisational costs). Workers (employees): If they behave recklessly or cause injury to themselves intentionally, they may not be covered by workers compensation and may be fined or not covered by workers compensation (economic costs). They may suffer serious injury such as amputation; broken bones etc. (physical costs). Human costs include the psychological and emotional pain and suffering while social costs refer to the provision of medical services by the community as well as the emotional stress on the family.

Explain the concept of 'participation' and 'consultation' in relation to WHS

Participation and consultation are key concepts relating to workplace safety, and to employee rights and responsibilities. Through participation and consultation, employers become more aware of hazards and WHS risks experienced by the employees. Employees are able to suggest ways to solve issues, this enables a smooth exchange of opinions between the employer and employee so the issues can be addressed.

Safe Work Australia

Safe Work Australia leads the development of national policy to improve WHS and workers compensation arrangements across Australia

Distinguish between a manageable first aid situation and an emergency situation

Simple accidents should be reported by a first-aid officer. Serious injuries should be treated as an emergency and ambulance officers should be called to attend. Simple accidents should be treatable by the first aid officer, if they are not then it should be classified as a serious injury.

Importance of initial training

THe initial training is important for all employees and employers, it is required to inform them of their responsibilities and the requirements of the WHS act within the workplace

codes and practices relating to risk management

The WHS Act and Regulations require persons who have a duty to ensure health and safety to 'manage risks' by eliminating health and safety risks so far as is reasonably practicable, and if it is not reasonably practicable to do so, to minimise those risks so far as is reasonably practicable. https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/system/files/documents/1702/how_to_manage_whs_risks.pdf

Implications of the cost of workplace injury for Organisational

The business can suffer too. They have to replace and train new employees, production may cease while an accident is investigated, and downtime is increased if the equipment has to be replaced or repaired.

Implications of the cost of workplace injury for Humans

The individual who suffer physical, psychological or emotional pain as the result of an injury or accident

Explain the primary role/function of local councils

The local government WHS manual has been developed to assist councils in NSW in the implementation of their statutory obligations under the act and regulation Can assist with up to date information processes and action requirements

What is the main purpose and intent of Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (NSW) (as amended)

The main object of this Act is to provide for a balanced and nationally consistent framework to secure the health and safety of workers and workplaces

Evaluate risk management and its application in the hospitality workplace: hazard identification and potential hazards to self, colleagues, customers and others typical to the industry

The risk assessment procedure is put in place to ensure the safety of yourself, colleagues, customers and others. A risk assessment is carried out as a preventative measure to ensure that all work practices, plant and equipment are as safe as possible for the workers. There are 5 steps in a risk assessment. 1. Identify Hazards. 2. Assess risks. 3. Decide control measures. 4. Implement control measures. 5. Monitor and review.

Implications of the cost of workplace injury for Economic

These include cost for medical and rehab consultations required as a result of an injury, as well as loss of wages. They may affect individual and their family and cause a dramatic change in lifestyle and living arrangements. Even if fatality does not occur, the suffering, pain and financial hardship can last for the rest of someone's life.

Training manuals and documents

Training manuals and documents explain all elements of training required for an organisation/business

Explain the primary role/function of Unions

Union representatives work with employees and employers to improve workplace safety for all Australian workers and their families. Union legal staff commonly represent employees in workers' compensation claims Provide any information and support employees and employers

Explain why it is important for the individual to acknowledge that WHS is everyone's responsibility in the workplace and the implications of this responsibility.

When a PCBU, worker or visitor does not acknowledge or participate in safe work practices they are putting themselves and others in danger. Carelessness or not working safely can lead to damage to equipment, injuries and harm. Less productivity, lowered staff morale, increased absenteeism and high staff turnover can be caused by this

Explain the importance of acting within the scope of responsibility/level of authority in relation to WHS in the workplace - problem-solving

When looking at a problem there can often be more than one solution, which is why problem-solving is useful to find the best solution When included in problem-solving you are able to address the problem more effectively as you are able to pinpoint the cause of the WHS risk

Explain the importance of acting within the scope of responsibility/level of authority in relation to WHS in the workplace - taking initiative

When taking initiative you are doing something that you can see that needs to be fixed or worked on and addressing it without being asked to do it This can be very important, because from your position as an employee the management may not be able to see the WHS risk, which could lead to it not getting solved and causing an injury

Workcover NSW and Australian Safety and Compensation Council (ASCC) publications/ safety alerts

Workcover NSW and Australian Safety and Compensation Council (ASCC) publications/ safety alerts provide current information about creating a safe working environment. They contain safety alerts about which staff members need to be aware and also provide legal information about laws and regulations that govern the industry.

Discuss strategies to reduce workplace accidents, injury and impairment

Workplace accidents, injury and impairment can be minimised through safe work practices, provision of PPE, correct maintenance of equipment and adequate health and safety training. For example, when a new employee is inducted into a workplace, they should be trained in the work health and safety requirements of their new job. This training should include information on how to use equipment and the correct PPE to be used when undertaking various tasks. All new employees should also be sent to relevant, formal WHS training courses if possible.

Workplace/organisation policies and procedures

Workplace/organisation policies and procedures lay the foundation of a company's culture/environment, and set the rules and guidelines for employees and management. Policies and procedures help organisations to operate safely and efficiently. It is important that these policies and procedures be explained to all new staff at an induction meeting it is also essential to ensure that established staff members are kept updated when changes occur

5.Outline safe work procedures and practices relating to housekeeping:

clean-up procedures Cleaning procedures are either routine or emergency Routine cleaning tasks are performed every shift, day, week or month, with particular attention paid to the safety of workers and patrons Eg. public spaces such as restaurant dining rooms and hotel lobbies are most often cleaned at night when no guests are in the ares This reduced the possibility of a trip/slip hazard for the guests Emergency cleaning takes place in the event of a spill. A worker should stay at the site until a wet floor sign has be placed there to inform everybody The mess needs to be cleaned up quickly and the sign removed when the floor is dry storage and disposal of waste There are two potential problems with the disposal of waste. Biological waste, such as a seviette that has been used to treat a bloody nose, can casue harm to workers, this is why cleaning staff should always wear gloves The sheer volume and weight of waste in garbage bins csan also create a manual handling hazard It is good work practice to empty the bins regulary, to ensure the bags do not become too heavy to lift consideration of WHS and the environment The design of work tasks and the physical work environment are important conciderations when ensuring a safe workplace WHS hazards in housekeeping can be reduced by using a mop and bucket with wheels to prevent lifting from place to place; carrying replacement linen and cleaning products on a trolley when servicing guests rooms: and using vaccumm cleaners that are worn like a backpack to prevent stooping and prolonged poor posture Noise pollution also has a very real impact on hospitaltiy workers. Appliances that make a loud noise should be minimally used to minamize damage to hearing

5. List and explain risk control (hierarchy):

eliminate the risk Removing the hazard or risk. This may include not using the equipment or not undertaking the activity that is the cause of the risk. minimise the risk: establish appropriate procedures and safe work practices such as job rotation to reduce exposure time or boredom; timing the work so that fewer employees are exposed; routine maintenance and housekeeping procedures; training on hazards and correct work methods. Substitution Substitute the harmful thing for something that does the same or similar job and is not a hazard Modification Modify the way you the hazard to make it safe Isolation restricting the access to a particular area or moving the risk to a safer distance engineering control redesigning it so it is ergonomically sound

Different types of reports

formal and informal A formal report consists of filling out appropriate documentation including all the details of the incident An informal report can consist of a verbal report to a higher authority, should only be used when the issue can be quickly corrected and has/will not put anybody in harm (ii) written A written report consists of filling out appropriate documentation including all the details of the incident, to be kept in writing as evidence of the report being made (iii) verbal Informing a somebody verbally about an incident, should only be used it the issue can be quickly resolved

codes and practices relating to manual handling

manual handling any activity that requires the use of physical force or effort to move, lift, push, pull, hold or carry an object http://www.safework.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/50078/hazardous-manual-tasks-code-of-practice-0916.pdf

3. Outline safe work procedures and practices relating to tools and equipment with regards to the following:

selection appropriate to task/work activity It is important to ensure the workers safety It is important that the correct tools are used for the selected task Eg. It is inappropriate to use a bread knife to cut vegetables Using the wrong equipment can lead to injury pre-operational checks and correct use Before use appliances should be checked for the correct assembly and any defects The item should always be used in accordance to the standard operating procedures regular maintenance and correct storage Maintaining equipment on a regular basis means that the equipment will last longer and breaks will be minimized Storing correctly will also prevent trip hazards and ensure that the item can be easily found the next time it is needed electrical tagging The tag and test procedures are carried out by a professional, usually annually, to test electrical appliances for safety Satisfactory appliances are tagged as safe and the next inspection date is noted on the tag Any appliance that does not pass should be tagged as unsafe and quarientiend against any further use

codes and practices relating to hazardous substances and dangerous goods

storage and handling of dangerous goods provides practical advice and guidance on the safe storage and handling of substances and articles classified as dangerous goods http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/swa/whs-information/hazardous-chemicals/dangerous-goods/pages/hazardous-substances

3. Describe each of the following hazards and gives relevant industry examples :

work processes and practices Unsafe working environments, a lack of training, and human factors such as taking short cuts or failing to follow procedures will Lead to hazards in work processes and practices. Poor signage Poor lighting Inadequate housekeeping Poor ergonomics working with electricity and gas Electricity and gas are an essential part of the hospitality industry, though they have the potential to be dangerous; hazards with electricity and gas are often caused by poor maintenance and human error. Using wet hands to unplug equipment Failing to turn off gas supply to stoves Poor maintenance of plugs and cords Working with electricity near water Poor ventilation