SB 9, Chemical Bonds, Lewis Structures and Polarity

(a) Al --> (b) Cl --> (c) N --> (d) K -->

(a) Al --> readily loses 3 electrons to form a cation (b) Cl --> forms one bond by sharing an electron with another atom (c) N --> gains 3 electrons when forming an anion (d) K --> readily loses 1 electron to form a cation

(a) I --> (b) H --> (c) P --> (d) Mg -->

(a) I --> - (b) H --> + (c) P --> 3- (d) Mg --> 2+

Select all that apply. Which of the following Lewis dot symbols correctly represent the species indicated? (a) Cs+; [Cs]+ (b) N3-; [N]3- (c) Ca2+; Ca2+ (d) O2-; [O]2-

(b) N3-; [N]3- (c) Ca2+; Ca2+

When the elements Mg and Cl form an ionic bond, Mg loses ______________ electron(s) from the 3s orbital to form the Mg2+ cation. Cl gains ______________ electron(s) in the 3p orbital to form the Cl- anion. Since the total number of electrons lost always equals the total number of electrons gained, the compound formed will contain ______________ Mg2+ ion(s) for every ________________ Cl- ion(s). Fill in the blanks with the appropriate numbers.

2 or two, 1 or one, 1 or one, 2 or two

Match each molecule in the image shown with the correct description A --> B --> C -->

A --> heteronuclear diatomic B -->homonuclear diatomic C --> polyatomic molecule

Which of the following combinations will result in an ionic compound with a balanced number of positive and negative charges? Select all that apply. a) Ca2+ and 2 F- b) K+ and O2- c) Na+ and Br- d) 2 Li+ and S2- e) Mg2+ and Cl-

a) Ca2+ and 2 F- c) Na+ and Br- d) 2 Li+ and S2-

Which of the following options are correct names for ionic compounds? Select all that apply. a) Copper(II) oxide b) Calcium difluoride c) Potassium chloride d) Chromium sulfide e) Sodium(I) bromide

a) Copper(II) oxide c) Potassium chloride

Match each of the following polyatomic ions with its correct name. a) OH --> b) NO2 --> c) NO3 --> d) PO43 --> e) NH4+ -->

a) OH --> hydroxide b) NO2 --> nitrite c) NO3 --> nitrate d) PO43 --> phosphate e) NH4+ --> ammonium

Which of the following factors affect the magnitude of the lattice energy for an ionic compound? Select all that apply. a) The size of the ions b) The number of valence electrons in the ions c) The charges of the ions d) The total number of positive and negative ions present in the sample

a) The size of the ions c) The charges of the ions

Consider the formation of an ionic bond between the elements potassium (K) and chlorine (Cl). Which of the following statements describe this process correctly? Select all that apply. a) The total number of electrons lost equals the total number of electrons gained. b) Both the K+ and Cl- ions have full outer shells containing 8 electrons. c) The formation of this bond requires two K atoms for every one Cl atom. d) K loses one electron from its 4s orbital to form a K+ cation. e) Cl gains two electrons to form the Cl- anion.

a) The total number of electrons lost equals the total number of electrons gained. b) Both the K+ and Cl- ions have full outer shells containing 8 electrons. d) K loses one electron from its 4s orbital to form a K+ cation.

The ionic compound CrCl3 is correctly named _____. a) chromium(III) chloride b) chromium chloride d) chromium trichloride

a) chromium(III) chloride

What is the correct name of the ionic compound Li3N? a) lithium nitride b) lithium trinitrogen c) lithium(III) nitride d) trilithium nitride

a) lithium nitride

Which of the following statements correctly describe how to draw the Lewis dot symbol for a given element? Select all that apply. a) Dots are placed clockwise, starting at the top of the symbol. b) The group number of a main group element indicates the number of valence electrons. c) Dots are placed in pairs on the four sides of the element symbol to represent the valence electrons. d) One dot is placed on each side of the element symbol before pairing any dots. e) The Lewis dot symbol includes only the valence electrons for the element.

b) The group number of a main group element indicates the number of valence electrons. d) One dot is placed on each side of the element symbol before pairing any dots. e) The Lewis dot symbol includes only the valence electrons for the element.

Which of the following formulas for ionic compounds are correct? Select all that apply. a) Mg2O b) AgCl2 c) Na2S d) CaO e) Ca3N2

c) Na2S d) CaO e) Ca3N2

The image is the Lewis dot symbol for selenium. Which of the following options interpret this Lewis symbol correctly? a) Se has 1 unpaired electron. b) Se has 2 valence electrons. c) Se has 6 valence electrons. d) Se can form 2 bonds. e) We will readily lose 2 valence electrons to form the Se2+Se2+ ion.

c) Se has 6 valence electrons. d) Se can form 2 bonds.

The compound Cu2O is correctly named ______. a) dicopper oxide b) copper(II) oxide c) copper oxide d) copper(I) oxide

d) copper(I) oxide

The lattice energy of an ionic compound tends to _____ as ionic size increases and tends to _____ as the charge of one or both of the ions increases, although the arrangement of the ions in the solid also plays a role. NaCl will, therefore, have a _____ lattice energy than NaBr but a _____ lattice energy than Na2O. a) increase, decrease, greater, lower b) decrease, increase, lower, greater c) increase, decrease, lower, greater d) decrease, increase, greater, lower

d) decrease, increase, greater, lower

Ethyne, ethene, and ethane are all hydrocarbons; that is, binary compounds of carbon and hydrogen. In ethyne, C combines with H in a mass ratio of 12:1. In ethene, C combines with H in a mass ratio of 12:2. In ethane, C combines with H in a mass ratio of 12:3. This pattern demonstrates ______. a) the first law of thermodynamics b) the law of conservation of mass c) the law of definite proportions d) the law of multiple proportions

d) the law of multiple proportions

To draw the Lewis dot symbol for an element, first determine the number of _____________ electrons by noting the ______________ number of the element. Place one _____________ for each electron on each of the four sides of the element symbol, pairing them up once each side has an electron.

valence or outer, group, dot