SCI1200 Bio

Decomposer

The link between living and nonliving

Which of the following best describes the term mircobiota?

The microbes that are naturally found on or within our bodies

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Chytrids?

They can live on very dry land

Art, theology and philosophy are not sciences because

They deal with things that cannot be tested by the scientific method

In this process, bacteria pick up and DNA from the environment

Transformation

Meiosis in human beings in a cell with __ chromosomes and ends with ___ cells, each containing ____ chromosomes.

a. 46,4,23

which of the following is NOT true concerning mitosis?

a. It combines the genetic information from both parents as part of the mitotic process.

The large intestine

absorbs water

The formation of new species due to geographic barrier is called

allopratric speciation

The flipper of a dolphin and the fin of a tune

analogous structures

Lichens:

are capable to live in extreme environments

Mycorrhizae:

are mutualistic relationships and help plants gather inorganic nutrients (E) both b and d are correct

Mitosis in a human begins in a cell with ___ chromosomes and ends with ___ each containing ___ chromosomes.

b. 46,2,46

Ciliates

feed and move using cilia

The gene pool of a population of bighorn sheep in the southwest United States is altered when several animals cross over a mountain pass and join the population. The correct term that describes this is

gene flow

Dinoflagellates

have protective cellulose plate

Niche

includes more than what an organism eats or where it lives. ex; a garden spider is a predator that hunts for prey among plants, while an oak tree grows to dominate a forest canopy, turning sunlight into food. The role that a species plays is called its ecological niche.

Within a population, plants that produce an insect toxin are more likely to survive and reproduce than plants that do not produce the toxin. The correct term that describes this is

natural selection

________________ is the foundation of the theory of evolution as proposed by Darwin.

natural selection

Which of these is not a property of all living organisms

responding to the environment

Habitat

the place an organism lives

Eleven different systems of the human body

1. integumentary system 2. Digestive system 3. cardiovascular system 4. Lymphatic system 5. Respiratory system 6. Urinary system 7. Skeletal system 8. Muscular system 9. Nervous system 10. Endocrine system 11. Reproductive system

use the information given in the previous problem. A cross is made between a red flower and a pink flower. What is the expected probability for the various colors?

1/2 Pink 1/2 Red

in certain flowers, color is inherited by alleles that show lack of dominance (incomplete dominance). In such flowers , a cross between a homozygous red flower and a homozygous white flower always results in a pink flower. A cross is made between two pink flowers. Use Fw to represent the white allele and Fr to represent the red allele. What id the probability of each of the colors (red, pink, and white) appearing in the offspring?

1/4 White 1/2 Pink 1/4 Red

There are ____ Domains of Prokaryotes

2

There are _____ Kingdoms of Eukaryotes

4

Compared to residents of poor countries, the average North American eats _____ times as much grain per person in one year.

5

In humans, the condition for normal blood clotting (H) dominated the condition for noncloting (hemophilia) (h). Both alleles are linked to the X chromosome. A male hemophiliac marries a woman who is a carrier for this condition. (In this respect, a carrier is a woman who has an allele for normal blood clotting and an allele for hemophilia). if they have a son, what are the chances he will be normal for blood clotting?

50% chance because the father x chromosome doesn't pass from father to son.

Ecosystem

A community of organisms and their abiotic environment

Food web

A community of organisms where there are several interrelated food chains

Herbivore

A consumer that eats only plants or producers

The DNA of bacteria is contained where in the cell?

A region of the cytoplasm called the nucleoid

Commensalism

A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected EX; Epiphytes growing on other plants

Mutualism

A relationship between two species in which both species benefit EX; ++ on the symbiosis table

The level of organization that includes cells of similar structures and function is

A tissue

A(n) ____ makes a species better suited to its environment.

Adaptation

Apoptosis:

All of these answers are correct: -Decrease the number of cells in the body -is the programmed cell death - is natural process

Predation

An interaction in which one organism kills another for food. EX; A kills and eats B

Archae differ from bacteria in that they:

Are often photosynthetic

Decomposers:

Break down organic matter in the environment by secreting digestive enzymes

North America not only overspend money on food, they overeat as well. Name three things North America overeat.

Calories, Proteins, and Fats

Limiting factor

Can stop a population from growing

Consumer

Cannot make its own food

The three-domain classification system has recently been developed based on :

Cellular & rRna sequence data

Which of the following is most closely related to land plants?

Charophytes

Most Christians subscribe to the __________ position on origins.

Christians support all of these -young earth -old earth -theistic evolution

Which of the following describes a bacterium that is spherical in shape?

Coccus

Community

Composed of populations

Fossils that serve as transitional links allow scientist to

Deduce the order in which various groups of animals arose

trophic level

Each step in a food chain or food web -- Only about 1/10th is transferred to the next consumption level

Circle all the correct- Complete protein can be obtained from

Eggs, Meat, & combining foods that contain eight essential amino acids

Through what process did eukaryotic cells gain chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Endosymbiosis

This structure blocks the opening of the respiratory system during swallowing

Epiglottis

The phase of the cell cycle in which DNA replicates in preparation for cell division

G2

While studying an ancient lake you discover that the water in the lake had an exceptionally high concentration of salt. What type of bacteria would you have expected to live in this lake?

Halophiles

Omnivore

Humans are example of this

Pyramid of numbers

Illustrates energy flow based on how many of each type of producer or consumer is present

Biotics

Includes only living things

Which of the following is incorrect regarding gastric juice?

It is provided by the pancreas.

Biomes

Large-scale ecosystems linked to climate distribution.

Chromosomes are most likely to appear to be lining up near the middle of the cell during which phase of mitosis?

Metaphase

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Miscrosporidia?

Multicellular

The collective mass of hyphae is called a

Mycelium

Abiotics

Non-living things- Temperature and water are an example of this

Producer

Not dependent on anything else for food

Competition

Occurs because of resource limitation

The branch of systematic biology that assigns organisms to specific classification (domain, phyla, class, etc.)

Taxonomy

Which of the following represents an organisms that uses decomposition as its model of nutrition?

Saprotroph

In order to be presented alongside evolution in public classrooms, creation must be taught as a _________ theory rather than a particular ___________.

Scientific; interpretation of scripture.

Fungi are classified according to;

Sexual reproductive system

Which of these steps are probably occurred first in the chemical and biological evolution of life?

Simple organic monomers formed from inorganic materials

If the father is heterzygous for six fingers and the mother has five fingers, what is the probability of their offspring having each of the following phenotypes?

Six fingers: 1/2 five fingers : 1/2

Plasmodial and cellular _______ are most important decomposers that have an amoeboid vegetative state.

Slime Molds

In humans, six fingers (F) is the dominant trait five fingers (f) is the recessive trait. Assume both parents are heterozygous for six fingers. - what are the phenotypes of the father and the mother ? - what is the genotype of each parent? -What are the different gametes each parent can produce? - What is the probability of having six-fingered children? Five fingered children?

(a) Fathers phenotype: 6; Mothers phenotype: 6 -Fathers phenotype is 6 fingered its the visible expression of the gene. therefore the mother's phenotype is also 6 fingers. (b) Father's genotype: heterozygous Ff; Mothers phenotype: heterozygous Ff (c) Father's gametes: F or f Mother's phenotype: F- Both parents possess one of each being heterozygous (d).Probability of a six-fingered child: 3/4 (e) Probability of a five-fingered child: 1/4

The Cambrian Explosion

*All of the above statements describe the Cambrian Explosion. - doesn't seem to fit into standard evolutionary patterns -reflects sudden appearance of many large marine phyla -occurred about 530 million years ago

Circle every statement about prokaryotes and eukaryotes that is true

-Proks are smaller, Euks are larger -Proks organelles have no membranes, Euks organelles have membranes -Proks are mostly multi-cellular, Euks are mostly unicellular

There are ____ Domains of Eukaryotes

1

All protists are

Eukaryotes

Protists that may lack mitochondria and possess deep oval are known as;

Excavates

Experiments examine the contribution of the ________ to the observation.

Experimental variable

T or F: Science and religion have historically been at war with each other.

False

True or False: Physically active people need more protein than sedentary people.

False

True or False: Sweating increasing as body temperature drop is an example of negative feedback system.

False

T or F: Most of the cell cycle is dedicated to cell division

False: --------

T or F: Viruses are not considered living things because they are too small, like an atom

False: Viruses are not considered living things because they do not fit into the cellular structure

T or F: Interphase is the part of the cell cycle that includes mitosis

False: it is the part of the cell cycle where growth and DNA replication occur.

Parasitism

One organism benefits, one is harmed

Energy flow

Only about 1/10th is transferred to the next consumption level

Carbon Cycle

Organic molecules continuously moving between biotics and abiotics

Vector

Organisms that links parasite to host

The purpose of meiosis is

Preparing for successful sexual reproduction

"Eating __________ to meet energy needs at a time when food is in short supply represents a waste like burning furniture for heat when firewood is available.

Protein

The RNA- first hypothesis of the origin of cell is supported by the discovery of:

Ribozymes

T or F: Cytokineses involved separation of two new cells and development of cytoplasm in each.

True

T or F: God is the supreme Author of two books: The book of Nature and The book of Scripture.

True

T or F: Osmosis is a particular type of diffusion, the process that delivers nutrients into cells and removes waste from cells.

True

True or False: Peanut butter sandwiches and macaroni and cheese are examples of food combinations that provide just as much necessary protein as steak.

True

True or False: Uterine contractions increasing as labor progresses is an example of positive feedback system.

True

Symbiosis

Usually used for interactions involving close physical relationships between organisms

Which of these is green alga

Volvox

Complete this statement: "Processing food subtracts nutrients." Explain

We get fewer nutrients because of processing for example we get preservative chemicals instead. Also we get outrageous amounts of plastic.