Science C3, 1Quiz(Lessons)

The pH scale for acids and bases ranges from _____.

0-14

Polar solvents dissolve _____(1)_____ solutes and nonpolar solvents _____(2)____ solutes.

1) Polar..... 2)Nonpolar

The specific heat of silver is 0.057 calories/gram°C. If 10.0 grams of silver were heated and the temperature of the sample changed by 20.0°C, how many calories of heat energy were absorbed by the sample?

11.4 calories

The latent heat of vaporization of water is 540 calories/gram. How many calories are required to completely vaporize 500 grams of water?

270,000 cal

Glass has a specific heat of 0.16 calories/gram°C. 1.0 gram of glass will rise 20.0°C when _____ calories of heat are applied.

3.2

If the specific heat of water is 1.0 calorie/gram°C, how many calories are required to raise 500 grams of water 10.0°C?

5,000 calories

The specific heat of gold is 0.031 calories/gram°C. If 10.0 grams of gold were heated and the temperature of the sample changed by 20.0°C, how many calories of heat energy were absorbed by the sample?

6.2 calories

A substance has a volume of 10.0 cm3 and a mass of 89 grams. What is its density?

8.9 g/cm3

Any substance that yields a hydrogen ion when placed in a water solution is called a(n) _____.

Acid

The process of a material going through a change of state from a gas to a liquid is called _____.

Condensation

Which of these processes take place at the same temperature?

Condensation and vaporization

Which of the following will not increase the rate at which a solute dissolves?

Cooling the solvent

The density of a liquid form of a material is always less than the density of the solid form of that same material

False

When a substance dissolves, it undergoes a chemical change.

False

hydrogen ion

H+

The formula for the hydronium ion is _____.

H3O+

hydronium ion

H3O+

The state of matter with a specific volume but no definite shape is the _____ state.

Liquid

Which of the following is true about acids?

Most acids are sour, Most acids corrode metals, and Every acid contains hydrogen.

Which chemical formula represents the hydroxide ion?

OH-

hydroxide ion

OH-

The most common form of matter in the universe is _____.

Plasma

If a molecule has an unequal distribution of charge in its internal structure, it is said to be _____.

Polar

As a pot of water boils, the temperature of the water ______ as the water level drops

Remains the same

The specific heat of gold is 0.031 calories/gram°C and the specific heat of silver is 0.057 calories/gram°C. If equal amounts of each metal are exposed to equal heating, which will heat up faster?

The gold will heat up almost twice as fast

Refer to the following table for information about gold and mercury. Then choose which statements are true about equal sample sizes of the metals. Element Specific Heat (cal/g°C) Density (g/cm3) gold 0.031 19.3 mercury 0.033 13.5

The two metal samples will change temperature at about the same rate and the gold would sink to the bottom if placed in the mercury.

A change of state requires the addition or removal of heat energy.

True

As a change of state is occurring, the temperature of the system does not change.

True

For most substances, the solid state is more dense than the liquid state.

True

The addition of heat energy to a system always causes the temperature of that system to increase.

True

The energy required to vaporize a certain amount of a substance is greater than the amount of energy necessary to raise the temperature of the same amount of that substance by 1°C.

True

The freezing and melting temperatures of a substance are the same

True

The properties of each state of a substance are due largely to the degree (amount) of intermolecular bonding.

True

A teaspoon of sugar is added to a glass of tea which is then stirred until no more crystals can be seen. Another teaspoon is added and stirring is continued until no more crystals can be seen. After the first teaspoon of sugar is added, the solution is _____.

Unsaturated

As a solid reaches its melting point intermolecular bonds have been disrupted, causing:

a change in particle position

The latent heat of vaporization of ethanol is 200 calories/gram. This means that _____.

about 200 calories of heat must be added to 1 gram of ethanol to convert it from a liquid to a gas

A substance that produces hydroxide ions when placed in water is a(n) _____.

bases

The change of phase from a vapor to a liquid is called _____.

condensation

An atom that no longer has a neutral charge is called a(n) _____.

ion

Substance A will not dissolve in water. What can be said about substance A?

it is nonpolar

Which of the following are good ways to test whether a solution is an acid or a base?

litmus paper and phenolphthalein

The higher the hydronium ion concentration of a solution, the ______ its pH.

lower

A solution with a pH of 7 must be _____.

neutral

A _____ change occurs when a substance changes phase.

physical

When a substance dissolves, it undergoes a _____.

physical change

A phase diagram assumes ______ is kept constant.

pressure

The interval shown here represents a _____ (3pH)

strong acid

The change of phase from a solid to a gas is called _____.

sublimation