Science final

The statement "There are regions beneath Earth's crust that will always be beyond the reach of scientific investigation" is a

A) speculation

Briefly tell what an inverse proportion is

As one quantity increases, the other quantity will decrease ( illustrated by a line steeply going down then curving sharply to the right )

If an astronaut whose total mass is 100 kg ejects 0.1 kg of gas at a speed of 50 m/s from her proposing pistol, her recoil speed is

B) 0.05 m/s m1 v1 = m2 v2 .1 x 50 = 100 v 5 = 100 v .05 = v

The force of friction on a sliding object is 10 N. The applied force needed to maintain a constant velocity is

B) 10 N

A car accelerates at 2 m/s^2. Assuming the car starts from rest, how far will it travel in 10 s?

B) 100 m d = 1/2 a t^2 d = 1/2 x 2 x 10^2

The average speed of a horse that gallops a distance of 10 km in a time of 30 min is

B) 20 km/h Speed = d / t S = 10 / .5

A car is traveling at 22 m/s and comes to an abrupt stop in 0.1 s when it hits a tree. What is the deceleration in m/s^2 of the car?

B) 220 a = delta velocity / time 22 / .1

What is the speed of a free falling object on the 3rd second?

B) 29.4 m/s 9.8 x 3

A 4 kg ball has a momentum of 12 kg m/s^2. What is the balls speed?

B) 3 m/s P (momentum) = m v 12 = 4 v 3 = v

A 2000 kg car experiences a braking force of 10,000 N and skids to a stop in 6 s. The speed of the car just before the brakes were applied was

B) 30 m/s 10,000 / 2000 = 5 x 6 = 30

On the surface of a distant planet a 5 kg mass weighs 20 N. What is the acceleration due to gravity there?

B) 4 m/s^2 F = ma 20 = 5a

The impulse-momentum relationship is a direct result of

B) Newton's second law

Of the sciences known as physics, chemistry, and biology, the most basic is

B) Physics

If experimental findings are not reproducible

B) The results are not considered valid

Using science to analyze nature

B) add to depth to our understanding and therefore adds to our appreciation of nature

The scientific method is a method for

B) gaining new knowledge

When a scientist is dishonest and reports false information, he or she

B) gets no second chance in the scientific community

In science, an educated guess is a

B) hypothesis

Which of the following is the tendency of an object to maintain its state of motion?

B) inertia

Density is the ratio of

B) mass to volume

A moving object on which no forces are acting and will continue to move with constant

B) momentum

As an object freely falls, its

B) velocity increases

A force of 10 N applied to a given mass accelerates it at 1 m/s^2. The same force applied to a mass one half as great would produce an acceleration of

C) 2.0 m/s^2 a = F / m 1 = 10 / m 1 = 10 / 10 F = m x a 10 = 1 x 10 10 = m x 5 m = 2

On the surface of Jupiter, where the acceleration due to gravity is about three times that of earth, a 100-kg rock would have a weight of about

C) 3000 N 3 x 10 = 30 x 100 = 3000

A car whose mass is 2000 kg is accelerated uniformly from rest to a speed of 15 m/s in 10 s on a level highway. The net force accelerating the car is

C) 3000 N a = 15 / 10 = 1.5 F = 2000 x 1.5

Which of the following is the cause of an acceleration?

C) force

Science is a body of knowledge that goes back to

C) humankind's beginnings

A newton is equivalent to which of the following quantities?

C) kg x m/s^2

A 30 kg girl and a 25 kg boy face each other on friction free rollerblades. The girl pushes the boy, who moves away at a speed of 1.0 m/s. The girl's speed is

D) 0.83 m/s m1 v1 = m2 v2 25 x 1 = 30 x v 25 = 30 v .83 = v

A 1 kg chunk of putty moving at 1 m/s collides and sticks with a 5 kg bowling ball initially at rest. The bowling ball and putty then move with a momentum of

D) 1 kg m/s^2 m1 v1 + m2 v2 = ( m1 + m2 ) v 1 x 1 + 5 x 0 = ( 1 + 5 ) v 1 = 6 v 1/6 = v P = m v 6 x 1/6 = 1

Ten seconds after starting from rest, a freely falling object on earth will have a speed of about

D) 100 m/s 10 x 10

If a baseball being thrown goes from 0 to 30 m/s in 0.1 s, what is its average acceleration?

D) 300 m/s^2 a = change in velocity / time a = 30 / .1

A 300-kg bear grasping a vertical tree slides down at a constant velocity. The friction force between the tree and the bear is

D) 3000 N 300 x 10 = F

In science, a theory is

D) a synthesis of a large body of well tested knowledge

Which has zero acceleration?

D) all of the above ; an object moving at constant velocity, an object at rest, an object in mechanical equilibrium

Compared with a 1-kg block of solid iron, a 2-kg block of solid iron has twice as much

D) all of the above ; mass, inertia, volume

A truly educated person is knowledgeable about

D) all of the above ; the arts, science, religion

A force that one surface exerts on another when the two rub against each other is called

D) friction

Briefly tell what a direct proportion is

One quantity will increase as the other increases, or decrease as the other decreases ( illustrated by a straight slanted line going through the origin )

What law is used to solve for C?

Pythagorean theorem

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Starting from rest, the distance a freely falling object will fall in 10 s is about

A) 500 m d = 1/2 g t^2 d = 1/2 x 10 x 10^2

Which statement about the acceleration of an object is correct?

A) The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net external force acting on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

An object weighs 30 N on earth. A second object weighs 30 N on the moon. Which has the greater mass?

A) The one on the moon

Wheras Aristotle relied on logic in explaining nature, Galileo relied on

A) experiment

A kilogram is a measure of an object's

A) mass

Science and technology are

A) related to one another, but are not the same thing

A and B are two objects with masses 100 kg and 75 kg respectively, then

C) A will have more inertia

In order to catch a ball, a baseball player extends the hand forward before the impact with the ball and then lets it ride backward in the direction of the balls motion upon impact. Doing this reduces the force of impact on the players hand principally because the

C) Time of impact is increased

When you stand at rest on a pair of bathroom scales, the readings on the scales will always

C) add to equal your weight

Science, art, and religion do not contradict one another because

C) all three have different domains

In a scientific experiment, a control is

C) both A and B; a way to study the effects of just one experimental variable, and a test that duplicates an experimental test except for one variable

Scientists repeat experimental findings in order to

D) neither A nor B ; neither to eliminate unseen errors nor to improve upon experimental design

Newton's third law of motion involves the interactions of

D) two objects and two forces

When a falling object reaches its terminal velocity, it's acceleration is

D) zero

A 1 kg glider and a 2 kg glider both slide towards each other at 1 m/s on an air track. They collide and stick. They combined mass move at

E) 1/3 m/s m1 v1 + m2 v2 = ( m1 + m2 ) v 2 x 1 - 1 x 1 = ( 2 + 1 ) v 1 = 3 v 1/3 = v

Which of the following involves passion, talent, and intelligence?

E) all of the above; music, science, art, literature