Science - Wave Properties and Wave behavior Study Island

A beam of light with a wavelength of 4.0 millimeters is shot at an opaque barrier with four different-sized holes. Which hole will cause the light to diffract to the greatest degree?

1 mm

If the incident ray hits the barrier at an angle of 35° (angle a), then what is the angle of the reflected ray (angle b)?

35°

If the incident ray hits the barrier at an angle of 42° (angle a), then what is the angle of the reflected ray (angle b)?

42°

Jeremy is riding on a passenger train when it passes through a town. The train speeds past a blaring tornado siren, which is warning the town of an approaching storm. The residents of the town hear the siren make one continuous tone. What does Jeremy hear?

He hears a higher pitch as he approaches the siren compared to when he is moving away from it.

Which of the following statements are true? I.Electromagnetic waves must be propagated throughsolid, liquid, or gas particles II.Electromagnetic waves are generated over a range of frequencies. III.Electromagnetic waves do not require a medium through which to travel. IV.All electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light.

II, III, IV only

Gipland is bungee jumping while using an air horn. If Ted is standing on the bridge while Gipland is falling downward, how is the sound he hears different from the sound Gipland hears?

It has a lower pitch.

All electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light (300,000,000 m/s). However, even at this speed, if a radio transmission is sent to astronauts on the Moon, there is a delay between the time that the message was sent and the time that the astronauts receive it. Why?

The Moon is very far away from the Earth and it takes time for radio messages to travel.

Two transverse waves are traveling through the same media. The wavelengths and periods of the waves are the same, but one wave has a greater amplitude than the other. Which of the following statements is true regarding the two waves?

The waves possess a different amount of energy.

An incident light ray is traveling through the air until strikes a pane of glass at an angle α and is reflected. Which diagram correctly depicts the direction the light ray will take?

Z

A sound wave requires

a medium to travel through.

Light comes in many different varieties, which are designated by their different wavelengths, as indicated below. Which of the following varieties of light would diffract the most around the corner of a solid barrier?

a microwave

Electromagnetic waves have different positions on the electromagnetic spectrum because

all of these

The colors of light are electromagnetic waves that are visible to the human eye. Which of the following is an electromagnetic wave that is invisible to humans?

all of these

Why doesn't visible light split into its different shades as it travels through outer space?

because all types of electromagnetic radiation travel at the speed of light through a vacuum

Sometimes waves interfere with one another. Consider a scenario in which two waves overlap in the following manner: What type of interference will result from this interaction between the two waves?

constructive interference

Sometimes waves interfere with one another. What type of interference occurs when the crests of one wave and the troughs of another wave overlap?

destructive interference

When light waves interfere the result is often a pattern of light and dark areas, like those shown above. The dark areas are caused by _______ interference and the light areas are caused by _______ interference.

destructive; constructive

Waves can reflect off of surfaces in various ways. What type of reflection occurs when waves reflect at many different angles?

diffuse reflection

Which of the following waves travels at the greatest speed?

electromagnetic waves traveling through outer space

A propeller plane flies over a crowd of spectators at a constant velocity. Its propeller generates sound waves that the spectators can hear. After the plane passes the crowd and is flying away, the _______ of the sound waves they hear is less than it was when the plane approached.

frequency

Henry is crossing a busy street. As Henry crosses the street, a car speeds toward him, blaring its horn. Dan is inside the car and honks his horn at Henry. The sound wave generated by the horn will have a greater _______ to _______.

frequency; Henry

Tad is standing on the side of the road as an ambulance speeds by, blaring its siren. At the ambulance's position in the picture, the sound waves coming from the siren will have the greatest _______, if Tad is standing at point _______.

frequency; x

Keesha is conducting an experiment in which she shines a beam of white light on a series of different materials in an otherwise dark room. She makes certain that each material is shaped into a sphere with a diameter of 3.0 centimeters. She also positions a light sensor so that it is aimed directly at each object she tests. Her experimental setup is illustrated below. Which of the following is Keesha most likely testing?

how well each material reflects light waves

The diagram below shows two different waves of light with the same wavelengths and amplitudes. Which of these would result in destructive interference?

if point 1 and point 5 intersected

Mr. Oratory strikes a tuning fork, then holds it near the top of a hollow plastic tube with a solid bottom. The length of the hollow tube is such that the sound wave from the tuning fork travels down it and then bounces back exactly along the same path. The sound that escapes the tube is louder than before because the sound waves inside the tube

interfere constructively.

When a light wave bends around a barrier or the edge of an opening, the resulting waves can

interfere with each other.

According to the superposition principle of waves,

many different waves can pass through the same point at once.

Waves interact with different surfaces in different ways. Waves often bounce off objects such as water. What is this form of wave movement called?

reflection

A prism is a device that separates white light waves into the colors of visible light. Which of the following processes allows a prism to work?

refraction

According to the above chart, through which medium do sound waves travel the fastest?

steel

According to this chart, the longer the wavelength is,

the less energy the wave has.

Which of these is an example of interference?

two different light waves colliding and adding together

Which statement describes a difference between electromagnetic and mechanical waves?

Electromagnetic waves do not require a medium, but mechanical waves do.

The diagram below is a representation of the electromagnetic spectrum. Gamma rays and radio waves are at opposite ends of the electromagnetic spectrum. Which of the following statements is true?

IV only

Why do people see distant events before they hear them?

Light travels faster than sound.

Below on the left is a drawing of what scientist Thomas Young demonstrated in the early nineteenth century when he conducted an experiment in which he allowed sunlight to pass through two tiny slits in an aperture (labeled "A" and "B"). Young saw a distinct interference pattern, similar to the one shown on the right, in which light waves added together at some points (making them brighter) and canceled each other out at other points (resulting in dark spots). What would Young have seen if light did not exhibit any wave characteristics?

The light would have appeared as two separate beams.

Jerry strikes a tuning fork and then swings it back and forth on a string like a pendulum. He swings it toward himself and away from himself. What will happen to the pitch that Jerry hears as the tuning fork swings toward him and away from him?

The pitch will be higher when it swings toward him than than when it swings away from him.

Refraction is the bending of a wave as it passes at an angle from one medium to another. Why would a wave, such as a light wave, bend when it passes from air into water?

The speed of light slows in water.

Sometimes two waves involved in destructive interference have the same amplitude. What would happen to the two waves in this situation?

The two waves would completely cancel each other out.

Sound is coming from two speakers in an auditorium. Which statement best compares the sound at points X and Y on the diagram?

The volume is higher at position X than position Y.

Which of these is true of light waves?

They do not need a medium through which to travel.

The following two waves combine.

W

The following two waves combine. Which image best represents the resulting wave?

W

The ray diagram below shows a ray of light traveling through air and then striking a pane of glass. Some of the light is reflected and some is refracted. Which line indicates the incident light ray?

W

The two waves shown below pass through the same medium in the phases shown and interfere with each other. Which of the following diagrams shows the wave that will result from their interference?

Y

Which diagram below is the best representation of how a beam of sunlight refracts as it passes through a prism?

Y

Which of the following waves has the most energy?(Assume the wave diagrams are drawn using the same scale.)

Z

Which of these arrows would represent the path of a refracted ray of light?

Z

The intensity of a sound is directly related to the amount of energy the sound wave possesses. This, in turn, is directly related to the loudness of the sound. So, a sound wave with a large intensity always has a large _______.

amplitude

Lars is standing in front of his house. His sister, Inga, is standing on the side of the house. Lars yells at his sister, and the sound waves from his voice travel across the front of the house. The diagram below shows Lars and Inga's house from above. Which property of sound waves allows Inga to hear Lars' voice from around the corner?

diffraction

Tom is interested in observing the Doppler effect from the sound waves produced by a gong, shown below. In which of these situations would Tom hear a frequency greater than the frequency of the gong in its stationary reference frame?

if Tom ran toward the gong after it was hit

Hanson yells across a ravine toward his cousin, who is on the other side. Sound waves from his mouth travel outward in all directions. Which of the following might cause the speed of the sound wave he generates to change?

if it passes from the air into water

Because of the Doppler effect, sound _______ as the source moves toward an observer and _______ as the source moves away.

increases in pitch (wavelengths shorten); decreases in pitch (wavelengths lengthen)

Because of the Doppler effect, sound _______ as the source moves toward an observer and _______ as the source moves away. A. increases in pitch (wavelengths shorten); decreases in pitch (wavelengths lengthen)

increases in pitch (wavelengths shorten); decreases in pitch (wavelengths lengthen)

Which list orders the electromagnetic waves from least to greatest amount of energy?

infrared, visible, ultraviolet

Sometimes, law enforcement agencies try to disrupt certain radio signals by a process known as jamming. Jamming a radio signal prevents it from being received by its intended recipients as an intelligible message. In order to jam a radio message, a radio signal with the same frequency as the targeted signal is transmitted into the air. If the jamming works, the original radio wave will have its amplitude affected by its interaction with the jamming signal. A successful jamming signal will reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of the targeted signal to the point where the information it carries cannot be understood. Which wave property is used to jam radio signals?

interference

Ms. Auditory strikes two tuning forks, which vibrate at the same frequency, and then moves them close together. As she move the forks closer together, at a certain distance the sound they make is very quiet. This happens because the sound waves are

interfering destructively.

Which of the following principles is involved when a person sees a transparent object, such as a clear plastic straw or a piece of glass, in a clear liquid?

refraction

While standing on the sidewalk outside of the school, someone hears an ambulance drive by. As the ambulance approaches, the siren's pitch is high. As the ambulance moves away, the siren's pitch gets lower. This effect is known as the Doppler effect, which relates change in wave frequency to what?

relative motion

Light waves travel in straight lines in all directions from the source of the light, unless

the medium through which the light travels changes.

Jakie is using a jackhammer to break up concrete. The jackhammer generates sound waves that travel in all directions. Sound travels from the jackhammer through the air and into Jackie's ears. Sound also travels through the solid ground and then through water, where it is then heard by a fish. At which point is the sound generated by the jackhammer moving at the slowest speed?

through the air