SCM CH 7

One use of camera-and-computer-based vision systems is to replace humans doing tedious and error-prone visual inspection activities.

True

Process control is the use of information technology to monitor and control a physical process.

True

When selecting new equipment and technology, decision makers look for flexibility—the ability to respond with little penalty in time, cost, or customer value.

True

Successful process redesign focuses on departmental areas where small, continuous improvements can be made.

False

________ is the use of information technology to control a physical process.

process control

Identify the four basic process strategies

process focus, product focus, repetitive focus, mass customization

how are modules useful in manufacturing

By using modules, the final product can be quickly assembled.

A(n) ________ uses symbols to analyze the movement of people or material.

Flowchart

5) Time-function mapping is a flowchart with time added to the horizontal axis.

True

is a process analysis technique that focuses on the customer and the producer's interaction with the customer.

service blueprinting

Flowcharts use distance, but not time, to show the movement of material, product, or people through a process.

False

Professional services typically require low levels of labor intensity.

False

________ involves the ability to respond with little penalty in time, cost, or customer value.

Flexibility

What is a drawing of the movement of material, product, or people?

Flowchart

37) ________ represent an organization's attempt to gain increased efficiency through specialization, which can include, for example, concentrating on certain classes of customers.

Focused processes

35) ________ is a process strategy based on a product-oriented production process that uses modules.

Repetitive focus

________ is a computer-controlled warehouse that provides for the automatic placement of parts into and from designated places within the warehouse.

ASRS

9) A job shop is an example of a(n): A) repetitive process. B) continuous process. C) line process. D) intermittent process. E) specialized process.

D. intermittent process

A(n) ________ uses an automated work cell controlled by electronic signals from a common centralized computer facility.

FMS

Automated storage and retrieval systems are commonly used in distribution facilities of retailers.

True

Identify nine areas of technology that enhance production and productivity.

FMS,ASRS,RFID, Process control, AIS, robots, machines, Vision systems, automatic guided vehicles

4) The typical full-service restaurant uses a product-focused process.

False

5) Harley-Davidson, because it has so many possible combinations of products, utilizes the process strategy of mass customization.

False

21) Align Technology uses a ________ approach to produce clear plastic removable aligners. A) mass customization B) product focus C) process focus D) repetitive focus E) crossover

A) Mass customization

14) Which of the following products is likely to be assembled on a repetitive process line? A) automobiles B) custom personal computers C) custom cakes D) steel E) beer

A) automobiles

Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) includes manufacturing systems that have:

A) computer-aided design, a flexible manufacturing system, inventory control, warehousing and shipping integrated.

26) Which of the following phrases best describes process focus? A) low volume, high variety B) Finished goods are usually made to a forecast and stored. C) Operators are less broadly skilled. D) high fixed costs, low variable costs E) low inventory

A) low volume, high variety

6) The use of information technology to monitor and control a physical process is known as: A) process control. B) computer-aided design. C) information numeric control. D) numeric control. E) IT oversight.

A) process control

Which of the following are all strategies for improving productivity in services? A) separation, self-service, automation, and scheduling B) lean production, strategy-driven investments, automation, and process focus C) reduce inventory, reduce waste, reduce inspection, and reduce rework D) high interaction, mass customization, service factory, and just-in-time E) process focus, repetitive focus, product focus, and mass customization focus

A) separation, self-service, automation, and scheduling

8) Which of the following provides automatic placement and withdrawal of parts and products into and from designated places in a warehouse? A) AGV B) CAD/CAM C) CIM D) ASRS E) FMS

ASRS Automated storage and retrieval system

An example of the postponement strategy for improving service productivity is having the customer wait until you have sufficient time to serve the customer.

False

27) Which of the following characteristics best describes repetitive focus? A) It uses sophisticated scheduling to accommodate custom orders. B) Its output is a standardized product produced from modules. C) Operators are broadly skilled. D) It is widely used for the manufacture of steel. E) low volume, high variety

B) Its output is a standardized product produced from modules.

13) Which one of the following products is most likely made in a job shop environment? A) rolls of newsprint B) paper forms C) television sets D) cigarettes E) canned vegetables

B) Paper forms

24) Which of the following is FALSE regarding repetitive processes? A) They use modules. B) They allow easy switching from one product to the other. C) They are the classic assembly lines. D) They have more structure and less flexibility than a job shop layout. E) They include the assembly of basically all automobiles.

B) they allow easy switching from one product to the other

18) Frito-Lay is to ________ focus as Harley Davidson is to ________ focus. A) process, repetitive B) product, repetitive C) repetitive, product D) process, product E) product, mass customization

B. product, repetitive

11) A system using an automated work cell controlled by electronic signals from a common centralized computer facility is called: A) an adaptive control system. B) robotics. C) a flexible manufacturing system. D) an automatic guided vehicle (AGV) system. E) a manufacturing cell.

C flexible manufacturing

32) Product focused processes: A) allow more customization, but are not very efficient. B) are desirable because resource needs increase slowly with the complexity of a process. C) are processes that are specialized for relatively few products or customer groups. D) apply only to service firms, not to manufacturers. E) are profitable because customers demand flexibility, not specialization.

C) are processes that are specialized for relatively few products or customer groups.

12) "Operators simply load new programs, as necessary, to produce different products" describes: A) CAD. B) automated guided vehicles. C) flexible manufacturing systems. D) vision systems. E) process control.

C) flexible manufacturing systems

15) An assembly line is an example of a: A) product-focused process. B) process-focused process. C) repetitive process. D) line process. E) specialized process.

C) repetitive process

8) One fundamental difference between a process chart and a flowchart is that: A) the process chart adds a time dimension to the horizontal axis, while a flowchart is not time-oriented. B) the process chart includes the supply chain, while the flowchart stays within an organization. C) the process chart is more like a table, while the flowchart is more like a schematic diagram. D) the process chart focuses on the customer and on the provider's interaction with the customer, while the flowchart does not deal directly with the customer. E) None of these is true, because a process chart and a flowchart are the same thing.

C) the process chart is more like a table, while the flowchart is more like a schematic diagram.

12) A product-focused process is commonly used to produce: A) high-volume, high-variety products. B) low-volume, high-variety products. C) high-volume, low-variety products. D) low-variety products at either high- or low-volume. E) high-volume products of either high- or low-variety.

C. High volume, low variety products

10) Three of the four types of processes are: A) goods, services, and hybrids. B) manual, automated, and service. C) process focus, repetitive focus, and product focus. D) modular, continuous, and technological. E) input, transformation, and output.

C. process focus, repetitive focus, and product focus

10) Which one of the following technologies is used ONLY for material handling, NOT actual production or assembly? A) robots B) CNC C) CAD D) AGVs E) FMS

D) Automated Guided Vehicle AGV

9) Service blueprinting: A) provides the basis to negotiate prices with suppliers. B) mimics the way people communicate. C) determines the best time for each step in the process. D) focuses on the provider's interaction with the customer. E) uses the schematic of a house to diagram a service process.

D) Focuses on providers interaction with customer

25) Which of the following phrases best describes product focus? A) low volume, high variety B) Finished goods are usually made to order. C) Processes are designed to perform a wide variety of activities. D) high fixed costs, low variable costs E) high inventory

D) High fixed costs, low variable costs

5) Which of the following is TRUE regarding vision systems? A) They are consistently accurate. B) They are modest in cost. C) They do not become bored. D) All of the above are true. E) None of the above is true.

D) all of the above

3) Which of the following is true regarding the concept of flexibility? A) It is the ability to respond with little penalty in time, cost, or customer value. B) It may be accomplished with digitally controlled equipment. C) It may involve modular or movable equipment. D) All of the above are true. E) None of the above is true.

D) all of the above are true

In mass service and professional service, the operations manager should focus extensively on: A) automation. B) equipment maintenance. C) sophisticated scheduling. D) human resources. E) cost-cutting initiatives.

D) human resources

17) One of the similarities between process focus and mass-customization is: A) the volume of outputs. B) the use of modules. C) many departments and many routings. D) the variety of outputs. E) All of the above are similarities.

D) variety of outputs

23) Harley Davidson: A) utilizes job shops to make each of its modules. B) uses product focused manufacturing. C) uses a large number of modules to build a small number of different bikes. D) uses work cells to feed its assembly line. E) All of the above are true.

D. uses work cells to feed its assembly line

7) Value-stream mapping: A) is a variation of time-function mapping. B) examines the supply chain to determine where value is added. C) extends time function mapping back to the supplier. D) starts with the customer and works backwards. E) All of the above are true.

E) all of the above

11) Which of the following industries is most likely to have low equipment utilization? A) auto manufacturing B) commercial baking C) television manufacturing D) steel manufacturing E) restaurants

E) restaurants

19) High fixed costs and low variable costs are typical of which approach? A) product B) process C) mass customization D) repetitive E) A and C

E. A and C

what is mass customization

Mass customization is rapid, low-cost production of goods and services that fulfill increasingly unique customer desires

33) An organization's approach to transforming resources into goods and services is called its ________.

Process strategy

7) Which of the following technologies could enable a cashier to scan the entire contents of a shopping cart in seconds? A) ASRS B) AGV C) CAD/CAM D) RFID E) FMS

RFID (radio frequency identification )

Provide an example of the focus strategy for improving service productivity.

The focus strategy refers to restricting the offerings

1) A firm's process strategy is its approach to transforming resources into goods and services.

True

1) A value-stream map includes both (1) inventory quantities, and (2) symbols for customers and suppliers.

True

2) Intermittent processes are organized around processes.

True

2) Service blueprinting is a process analysis technique that focuses on the customer and the provider's interaction with the customer.

True

3) Activity times should be included in a service blueprint.

True

3) In process-focused facilities, utilization of facilities is low.

True

7) The tool that calculates which process has the lowest cost at any specified production volume is a crossover chart.

True

8) The term focused processes refers to the quest for increased efficiency, whether in goods or services, that results from specialization.

True

A special form of time-function mapping, which goes beyond the organization into its supply chain, is ________.

Valuestream mapping

Identify the five major tools of process analysis and design. Describe them in a sentence or two each.

flowchart, service blueprinting, value stream mapping, process chart, time function mapping

Why do modern managers look for flexibility in their equipment

it gives managers with the ability to respond to changes in demand with little penalty in time, cost, or customer value

36) ________ is a rapid, low-cost production process that caters to constantly changing unique customer desires.

mass customization

Why is Harley-Davidson identified as a repetitive manufacturer, not a mass customizer?

not as individualized

The strategy for improving service productivity that customizes at delivery, rather than at production, is ________.

postponement

________ is the fundamental rethinking of business processes to bring about dramatic improvements in performance.

process redesign

7 techniques for service improvement

separation, self-service, postponement, focus, modules, automation, scheduling, and training.

Flexible manufacturing systems, because of easily changed control programs, are able to perform such tasks as manufacturing one-of-a-kind parts economically.

true