SCMH 1010
A term that compares how vigorous atoms are moving in a substance is ________. a) potential energy b) heat c) kinetics d) temperature
d) temperature
When we hear a sound change from a higher to a lower pitch, this means: a) the sound has bounced b) none of the above c) the speed has changed d) the frequency has changed e) the wavelength has changed
d) the frequency has changed
The rating of a light bulb is 100 Watts actually specifically indicates: a) the amount of heat that radiates from the bulb b) the amount of light procedures c) the length of time before the bulb burns out d) the rate of energy that the bulb consumes
d) the rate of energy that the bulb consumes.
Match the term with the unit that the term is measured in: VOLT: a) electrical charge b) resistance c) electrical current d) voltage
d) voltage
Ohm's Law states: a) electrical pressure = flow charge/flow resistance. b) current = voltage (volts) + flow charge (coulombs). c) power (watts) = current (amps) x voltage (volts). d) voltage (volts) = current (amps) x resistance (ohms). e) voltage (volts) = pressure (ohms) x resistance (ohms).
d) voltage (volts) = current (amps) x resistance (ohms)
Match the term with the appropriate Unit: Power: a) m/s^2 b) Newton c) Joule d) Watt
d) watt
What was the null hypothesis in Redi's experiment? a. maggots come from flies b. maggots do not come from rotting meat c. maggots create rotting meat d. maggots come from rotting meat
d. maggots come from rotting meat
Acceleration is the rate of change in _________ over time. a) velocity b) work c) force d) time
velocity
__________ specifies the objects speed and direction of motion.
velocity
Energy is the ability to do _________ a) time b) force c)work d) velocity
work
which of the following organisms is at the first trophic level? a) coyote b) mouse c) humans d) plants
d) plants
What are ways to measure wavelength or the cycle of a wave?
1. crest to crest 2. one round of the baseline through one crest and peak through the next base line 3. trough and trough
What is the speed of light?
300,000,000 m/s
Another word for constructive interference is: a) amplitude b) Doppler effect c) destructive d) reinforcement e) acceleration
d) reinforcement
Sunlight (electromagnetic waves) hitting dark roof tiles and heating up a house would be an example of: a) radiation b) conduction c) convection d) insulation
a) radiation
The measure of the ability of a material to absorb heat is referred to as its ______________. a) specific heat capacity b) specific conduction ability c) specific radiation ability d) specific convection ability
a) specific heat capacity
Which of the following is the same for all electromagnetic waves? a) speed b) wavelength c) transmission d) frequency e) energy
a) speed
When a meteorite hits Earth, heat is generated. Which of the following statements best describes this process? a) Chemical energy is converted into heat b) Gravitational potential energy is converted into heat c) electrical potential energy is converted into heat d) magnetic energy is converted into heat.
Gravitational potential energy is converted into heat
Power is how much work is done divided by: a) distance. b) time. c) energy. d) work. e) mass.
b) time
Radiation is heat transfer by: a) electromagnetic waves of radiation. b) kinetic energy of molecules. c) stopping atomic motion. d) conduction. e) convection.
a) electromagnetic waves of radiation
What type of data is a measurement of sensing the real world or detection of something that actually happened? a) empirical data b) hypothetical data c) incorrect data d) theoretical data
a) empirical data
A system that moves toward a higher state of order also moves toward a lower state of: a) entropy. b) convection. c) insulation. d) efficiency.
a) entropy
___________ refers to the energy (heat) put into the system that is not detectable as an increase in temperature of the object. a) latent heat b) heat capacity c) conductibility d) sensible heat
a) latent heat
Match the term with the appropriate Unit: Acceleration: a) m/s^2 b) Newton c) Joule d) Watt
a) m/s^2
You add heat to a solid and cause it to melt. The resulting configuration is ___________. a) more disordered and at a higher entropy b) equally disordered and at a higher entropy c) less disordered and at a lower entropy d) equally disordered and at a lower entropy
a) more disordered and at a higher entropy
Null Hypothesis (H0)
a statement or idea that can be falsified, or proved wrong
Which of these represents the coldest temperature? a) 0 degrees K b) 0 degrees F c) 0 degrees C d) -100 degrees C
a) ) degrees K
A particular electrical appliance requires 30 W. When it is connected to a power source that provides 120 V, the current in the circuit is _______. a) 0.25 A b) 3600 A c) 120 A d) 4 A
a) 0.25 A
The voltage across a resistor is 20 V and the current through it is 10 A. What is the resistance of the resistor? a) 2 ohms b) 20 ohms c) 10 ohms d) 30 ohms
a) 2 ohms
The current through a 5.0 resistor is .40 A. What is the voltage across the resistor? a) 2.0 V b) 0.8 V c) 5.4 V d) 4.6 V
a) 2.0 V
What is the speed of sound? a) 340 m/s b) 3.4 m/s c) 340 km/s d) 340 nm/s
a) 340 m/s
A car initially moving towards the west at a speed of 15 m/s changes its velocity to 25 m/s in the west in 2 seconds. Whats the cars acceleration? a) 5m/s^2 towards the west b) not enough information given c) 10m/s^2 towards the west d) 25m/s^2 towards the west
a) 5m/s^2 towards the west.
Match the term with the unit that the term is measured in: COULOMBS: a) electrical charge b) resistance c) electrical current d) voltage
a) electrical charge
Match the following statement with the following term: Fahrenheit: a) temperature scale for which 0 represents the coldest water that was obtained for salt water. b) temperature scale that uses pure water as the standard to calibrate the scale of heat detection. c) temperature scale that says that 0 degrees is equal to the absenses or lack of energy
a) temperature scale for which 0 represents the coldest water that was obtained for salt water.
Electricity and magnetism are __________. a) two aspects of one force b) completely different, unrelated forces c) One is physical, the other is theoretical d) Both travel as waves that can be clearly seen by the human eye
a) two aspects of one force
Which type of radiation can be used to sterilize medical equipment? (think about the small or atomic level - like the size of bacteria and viruses): a) ultraviolet radiation b) radio waves c) fluorescence d) microwave radiation e) infrared radiation
a) ultraviolet radiation
How did Redi test his hypothesis? a. he placed food in jars. some jars were covered and others were uncovered. b. he placed food in jars and covered all jars with mesh. c. he put food in one jar and no food in a second jar. d. he placed food in all jars and left jars uncovered.
a. he placed food in jars, some jars were covered and others were not.
What was the control group in Redi's experiment? a. uncovered jars b. jars with mesh covering c. jars that were sealed tightly d. empty jars
a. uncovered jars
The measurement of how velocity is changing over a period of time is called ___________.
acceleration
Prevents the entrance of or loss of heat: a) radiation b) conduction c) convection d) insulation
d) insulation
As you lift a 15-kg mass off the ground, you are performing 60 J of work. Considering these facts, how high did you lift the 15kg? ( Note - for this problem use g= 10 m/s^2 ) a) 0.9 m b) 0.4 m c) 4.0 m d) 9.0 m
b) 0.4m
What is the mass of an object with a kinetic energy of 18 J and a speed of 3 m/s? a) 12 kg b) 4 kg c) 6 kg d) 2 kg
b) 4 kg
The current in a circuit is 0.5 A and the voltage across it is 12 V. The power being supplied by the source is __________. a) 12.5 W b) 6 W c) 24 A d) 11.5 V
b) 6 W
Approximately how much power is consumed by an electric stove drawing 40 amps? (Note - This electric stove is plugged into a 240 Volt wall socket). a) 345 watts/hour b) 9.6 kiloWatts/hour c) 6 watts/hour d) 9600 watts/hour e) 5.76 watts/hour
b) 9.6 kiloWatts/hour
Voltage is calculated with the following formula: a) Power x Resistance b) Current x Resistance c) Current / Resistance d) Power / Time
b) Current x Resistance
Static electricity exists when there is an unbalance among the number of ________. a) Temperature b) Electrons c) Calories d) Newtons
b) Electrons
Conductors are materials with relatively low ________. a) Conductivity b) Resistance c) Voltage d) Entropy
b) Resistance
Which of the following is totally a longitudinal wave? a) Light b) Sound c) Laser d) Water e) Electromagnetic
b) Sound
What is the term for the measurement of one wave cycle (crest to crest): a) Wave velocity b) Wavelength c) frequency d) amplitude
b) Wavelength
Energy can be stored in a flashlight battery as: a) electrical energy. b) chemical potential energy. c) heat energy. d) gravitational potential energy. e) electromagnetic energy.
b) chemical potential energy
Heat transfer by contact, like when heat is transferred within a solid piece of metal: a) radiation b) conduction c) convection d) insulation
b) conduction
When electric charges are in motion, we have a __________. a) wire b) current c) voltage d) battery
b) current
DC refers to __________. a) alternating current b) direct current c) alternating resistance d) direct voltage
b) diret current
What frequency and wavelength would you expect from an instrument with a short length? a) lower frequency and shorter wavelength as compared to a longer instrument. b) higher frequency and shorter wavelength as compared to a longer instrument. c) higher frequency and longer wavelength as compared to a longer instrument. d) lower frequency and longer wavelength as compared to a longer instrument.
b) higher frequency and shorter wavelength as compared to a longer instrument.
Heat will only flow spontaneously from: a) cold to hot. b) hot to cold c) cold to cold. d) hot to hot.
b) hot to cold
Absolute zero is the temperature at which ________ a) lowest temperature ever observed with normal devices b) molecular and atomic vibration is zero; all heat extracted c) all the liquid has frozen d) the freezing point of water, molecule crystallize
b) molecular and atomic vibration is zero; all heat extracted.
Match the term with the appropriate Unit: Force: a) m/s^2 b) Newton c) Joule d) Watt
b) newton
Match the term with the unit that the term is measured in: OHM: a) electrical charge b) resistance c) electrical current d) voltage
b) resistance
Energy that is transferred from one trophic level to the next, _________. a) all the energy is converted to chemical energy b) some energy is always lost in the form of heat c) energy is converted to mechanical energy d) the amount of energy lost is replaced by the sun
b) some energy is lost in the form of heat
Match the following statement with the following term: Celsius: a) temperature scale for which 0 represents the coldest water that was obtained for salt water. b) temperature scale that uses pure water as the standard to calibrate the scale of heat detection. c) temperature scale that says that 0 degrees is equal to the absenses or lack of energy
b) temperature scale that uses pure water as the standard to calibrate the scale of heat detection
The earliest science is what we now call _____________ a. geology b. astronomy c. chemistry d. classical mechanics
b. astronomy
What do you think Redi's conclusion was? a. maggots do come from rotting meat b. maggots do not come from rotting meat
b. maggots do not come from rotting meat
If a force cannot move the object it is applied against, then no: a) force is applied. b) work is done. c) energy is used. d) none of the above. e) all of the above.
b. work is done
In the Kelvin scale, water boils at __________ degrees. a) 32 b) 100 c) 373 d) 212
c) 373
If you only have 10 seconds to do some work, and you exert yourself at a power of 40 W, how much work can you do? a) 2.5 J b) 4000 J c) 400 J d) 40 J
c) 400 J
If the temeprature changes by 5 degrees C then it also changes by __________. a) 5 degrees F b) 278 degrees K c) 5 degrees K d) 5 newtons
c) 5 degrees K
You give an object an acceleration of 2m/s^2 when we push on it with a total force of 10.0 N. What is the mass of the object? a) 10 kg b) 2.5 kg c) 5 kg d) 20 kg e) 4 kg
c) 5 kg
Who showed that electrical forces could be used to do work, i.e., demonstrated the first electrical generator? a) Isaac Newton b) George Coulomb c) Micheal Faraday d) Benjamin Franklin
c) Micheal Faraday
Which has a higher entropy? a) air at 0 degrees C b) air at 20 degrees C c) air at 40 degrees C d) air at -20 degrees C
c) air at 40 degrees C
Gamma radiation is a shorter wavelength than: a) radio waves b) visible light c) all of the above d) microwaves e) X-rays
c) all of the above
Turning up the volume of music or speaking louder means that the sound wave has changed: a) speed b) none of the above c) frequency d) amplitude e) wavelength
c) amplitude
The transfer of heat by density - driven motion of gases or fluids is referred to as _______. a) radiation b) conduction c) convection d) insulation
c) convection
Match the term with the unit that the term is measured in: AMP: a) electrical charge b) resistance c) electrical current d) voltage
c) electrical current
Which statement is the second law of thermodynamics? a)heat will not flow from a hot to cold body b)The total amount of energy in the universe is constant c) every isolated system becomes more disordered with time d) scientists have constructed an engine that does nothing but convert heat to useful work e) energy may change from one form to another over and over again.
c) every isolated system becomes more disordered with time
Which property of electromagnetic waves is measured in Hertz? a) speed b) energy c) frequency d) amplitude e) length
c) frequency
Sound waves with low frequencies: a) have high pitches b) have low amplitudes if they are loud c) have low pitches d) are more likely to experience destructive interference e) travel at faster speeds than sound waves with higher frequencies
c) have low pitches
Match the term with the appropriate Unit: Energy: a) m/s^2 b) Newton c) Joule d) Watt
c) joule
In his famous experiment of the late 1700s, Charles Coulomb: a) measured static electricity using a piece of amber b) repeated benjamin franklins kite and lightning demonstration c) measured the force of the electric charge in objects d) proved newtons three laws of motion
c) measured the force of the electric charge in objects
Match the following statement with the following term: Kelvin: a) temperature scale for which 0 represents the coldest water that was obtained for salt water. b) temperature scale that uses pure water as the standard to calibrate the scale of heat detection. c) temperature scale that says that 0 degrees is equal to the absenses or lack of energy
c) temperature scale that says that 0 degrees is equal to the absenses or lack of energy
The higher the frequency of a sound wave: a) lower the pitch b) the faster it travels c) the shorter the wavelength d) louder it is e) the longer the wavelength
c) the shorter the wavelength
The fundamental difference between electromagnetic waves and other types of waves is that electromagnetic waves: a) all have the same wavelength b) are visible regardless of wavelength c) transfer energy without transferring mass d) do not experience constructive or destructive interference e) move more slowly than all other types of waves
c) transfer energy without transferring mass
Human eyes are most sensitive to this color. a) green b) red c) yellow d) blue e) violet
c) yellow
Which device would most likely be running on DC electricity? ( hint: which one requires an adapter to be plugged into a wall?) a) relevision b) oven c) your cell phone d) toaster e) microwave
c) your cell phone
which is not a step in the scientific method? a. arrive at a conclusion b. problem or question c. ask other people for their opinion d. formation of hypotheses
c. ask other people for their opinion
Astrology is not a science. Instead it is an example of a _________ a) Astronomy b) Social truth c) Superstition d) Conspiracy theory
c. superstition
Of the types of radiation listed below, the only one humans can detect is: a) gamma rays b) infrared waves c) X-rays d) none of the above
d) none of the above
How much amperage will be moving through a wire if it has a resistance of 12 ohms and is carrying 120 V? a) 12 Amps b) 1.2 Amps c) 1 Amp d) 10 Amps e) 100 Amps
d) 10 Amps
A bar magnet is magnetic even when there is no electric current passing through it. Why? a) Bar magnet's concentrate the Earth's magnetic field b) Magnetic fields are attracted to bar magnets and, by Newton's 3rd law, there are magnetic fields in the bar magnet. c) Individual magnetic poles are distributed throughout a bar magnet. d) Bar magnets take advantage of the electrons moving around in atoms to create a magnetic field.
d) Bar magnets take advantage of the electrons moving around in atoms to create a magnetic field.
Another way of stating the second law of thermodynamics is which of the following?: a) It is impossible to decrease the entropy system b) in order to increase the entropy system, work must be done on it by an external agent c) the entropy of any system remains constant or increases. d) In order to decrease the entropy of a system, work must be done it by an external agent.
d) In order to decrease the entropy of a system, work must be done it by an external agent.
Galileo's experiment involving rolling objects down an inclined plane showed which of the following about falling objects on Earth? a) rate of acceleration depends on mass b)all objects decent at the same speed c) distance covered in a given amount of time depends on mass d) all objects accelerate downward at the same rate regardless of their masses. e) all objects will cover the same distance in a given (constant) time interval.
d) all objects accelerate downward at the same rate regardless of their masses.
What aspect of a sound wave makes it seem loud to people hearing the sound? a) frequency b) wavelength c) velocity d) amplitude e) speed
d) amplitude
What unit that describes the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of pure water by 1 degree C? a) Newtons b) Degrees c) Watts d) Calories
d) calories
The Doppler effect describes: a) how dolphins navigate through the Earth's oceans b) how humans see the colors red and blue c) change in wave frequency when neither source or receiver is moving d) change in wave frequency when source or receiver is moving. e) How bats fly and locate their food
d) change in wavelength when source or receiver is moving
Electric fields and electric currents can be produced by: a) static electrical charges b) radiation c) magnetic monopoles d) changing magnetic fields
d) changing magnetic fields
Entropy is a measurement of a systems ___________. a) temperature b) order c) heat capacity d) disorder
d) disorder
Which of the following can produce magnetic fields? a) static electrical charges b) moving electrical charges c) flowing water or other liquids d) gravitational forces
d) gravitational forces
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha)
disproves the null hypothesis
Jonathan's data showed that household cockroaches moved away from raw cucumber slices. -form a hypothesis -draw conclusions -perform an experiment -observation
draw conclusions
In what way does Newton's law of universal gravitational differ from Coulomb's law? a) Newton's and Coulomb's law are really identical, so theres no significant difference b) Only Newton's law of gravity requires a universal constant. c) Only Coulomb's law addresses distance in describing the effect of one object on another. d) Newton's law required experimentation but Coulomb's law did not. e) Electrical forces cane either be attractive or repulsive, while gravity is only attractive.
e) Electrical forces cane either be attractive or repulsive, while gravity is only attractive.
What aspect of a sound wave gives it the quality of tone (or note when talking in terms of music) to people hearing the sound? a) speed b) wavelength c) velocity d) amplitude e) frequency
e) frequency
Kepler's law of planetary motion says _________ a. Planets orbit the Sun along circular paths b. Planets orbit the Earth within crystal spheres c. Gravity is a function of mass, a constant and distance between two objects. d. Planets orbit the Earth along elliptical paths e. Planets orbit the Sun along elliptical paths.
e. Planets orbit the Sun along elliptical paths
In an isolated system, the total amount of ________ is conserved. a) acceleration b) sunlight c) force d) energy
energy
Match the type of energy with the correct description: Potential: a)energy stored in position b) energy in chemical bonds c) energy of motion d)solar energy; electromagnetic
energy in chemical bonds
Work is how far a _______ is applied a) time b) force c) velocity d) work
force
________ is any interaction that when unopposed, will change the motion of an object.
force
Kevin said, "If I grow five seedlings in red light, I think the plants will grow faster than the five plants grown in white light." -form a hypothesis -draw conclusions -perform an experiment -observation
form a hypothesis
Stephen predicted that seeds would start to grow faster if an electric current traveled through the soil in which they were planted. - form a hypothesis -draw conclusions -perform an experiment -observation
form a hypothesis
What did James Prescott Joule discover about heat? a) horses expend energy at a rate of 550kg-m^2/s^3 b) Heat is a form of energy c) potential energy equals heat d) brass tools work better under water
heat is form energy
Jose saw bats catching insects after dark. He asked, "How do bats find the insects in the dark?" -form a hypothesis -draw conclusions -perform an experiment -observation
observation
Alice soaked six different kinds of seeds in water for 24 hours. Then she planted seeds in soil at a depth of 1cm. She used the same amount of water, light, and heat for each kind of seed. -form a hypothesis -draw conclusions -perform an experiment -observation
perform an experiment
Rene grew bacteria from the mouth on plates in the laboratory. She placed drops of different mouthwashes of bacteria on each plate. -form a hypothesis -draw conclusions -perform an experiment -observation
perform an experiment
Which of the following is a rate? (check all that apply) -power -work -acceleration -energy -joule
power and acceleration
James Watt designed experiments in horsepower to: a) calculate the velocity of a water pump b) assess the health of horses c) invent the steam engine d) quantify the energy generated by a horse in mines
quantify the energy generated by a horse in mines
The measurement of distance traveled over time is _____________.
speed
