Security+

465 picture A network administrator provided the following output from a vulnerability scan: look at picture - its a table and lists the severity of risks and provides the score The network administrator has been instructed to prioritize remediation efforts based on overall risk to the enterprise. Which of the following plugin IDs should be remediated FIRST? 10 11 12 13 14

10

A cybersecurity administrator needs to add disk redundancy for a critical server. The solution must have a two-drive failure for better fault tolerance. Which of the following RAID levels should the administrator select? A. 0 B. 1 C. 5 D. 6

6

A company has decided to move its operations to the cloud. It wants to utilize technology that will prevent users from downloading company applications for personal use, restrict data that is uploaded, and have visibility into which applications are being used across the company. Which of the following solutions will BEST meet these requirements? An NGFW A CASB Application whitelisting An NG-SWG

A CASB

A company is designing the layout of a new datacenter so it will have an optimal environmental temperature. Which of the following must be included? (Select TWO). An air gap A cold site Removable doors A hot aisle An IoT thermostat A humidity monitor

A cold site A hot aisle Explanation: Hot aisle/cold aisle is a layout design for server racks and other computing equipment in a data center. The goal of a hot aisle/cold aisle configuration is to conserve energy and lower cooling costs by managing air flow.

668 (picture) A security analyst is reviewing logs and observes the following output: admin attempted login with sneak admin attempted login with sneaked admin attempted login with sneaker etc. Which of the following is the security analyst observing? A rainbow table attack A password-spraying attack A dictionary attack A keylogger attack

A dictionary attack

A pharmaceutical sales representative logs on to a laptop and connects to the public WIFI to check emails and update reports. Which of the following would be BEST to prevent other devices on the network from directly accessing the laptop? (Select TWO). Trusted Platform module A host-based firewall A DLP solution Full disk encryption A VPN Antivirus software

A host-based firewall a vpn

Which of the following scenarios BEST describes a risk reduction technique? A. A security control objective cannot be met through a technical change, so the company purchases insurance and is no longer concerned about losses from data breaches. B. A security control objective cannot be met through a technical change, so the company implements a policy to train users on a more secure method of operation C. A security control objective cannot be met through a technical change, so the company changes as method of operation D.A security control objective cannot be met through a technical change, so the Chief Information Officer (CIO) decides to sign off on the risk.

A security control objective cannot be met through a technical change, so the company implements a policy to train users on a more secure method of operation

590 picture A security analyst recieves a SIEM alert that someone logged into the appadmin test account, which is only used for the early detection of attacks. The security analyst then reviews the following application log: appadmin 194.28.114.102 action:open.account result:fail Which of the following can the security analyst conclude? A. a replay attack is being conducted against the application B. An injection attack is being conducted against a user authentication system. C. A credentialed vulnerability scanner attack is testing several CVE's against the application D. A service account password may have been changed, resulting in continuous failed logins within the application.

A service account password may have been changed, resulting in continuous failed logins within the application.

An organization's CSO wants to validate the businesses involvement in the incident response plan to ensure its validity and thoroughness. Which of the following will the CSO MOST likely use? An external security assessment A bug bounty program A tabletop exercise A red-team engagement

A tabletop exercise

An attacker is trying to gain access by installing malware on a website that is known to be visited by the target victims. Which of the following is the attacker MOST likely attempting? A spear-phishing attack A watering-hole attack Typo squatting A phishing attack

A watering-hole attack

A remote user recently took a two-week vacation abroad and brought along a corporate-owned laptop. Upon returning to work, the user has been unable to connect the laptop to the VPN. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for the user's inability to connect the laptop to the VPN? A. Due to foreign travel, the user's laptop was isolated from the network. B. The user's laptop was quarantined because it missed the latest patch update. C. The VPN client was blacklisted. D. The user's account was put on a legal hold.

A. Due to foreign travel, the user's laptop was isolated from the network.

A company's bank has reported that multiple corporate credit cards have been stolen over the past several weeks. The bank has provided the names of the affected cardholders to the company's forensics team to assist in the cyber-incident investigation.An incident responder learns the following information: -The timeline of stolen card numbers corresponds closely with affected users making internet-based purchases from diverse websites via enterprise desktop PCs. -All purchase connections were encrypted, and the company uses an SSL inspection proxy for the inspection of encrypted traffic of the hardwired network. -Purchases made with corporate cards over the corporate guest WIFI network, where no SSL inspection occurs, were unaffected. Which of the following is the MOST likely root cause? A. HTTPS sessions are being downgraded to insecure cipher suites. B. The SSL inspection proxy is feeding events to a compromised SIEM. C. The payment providers are insecurely processing credit card charges. D.The adversary has not yet established a presence on the guest WIFI network.

A. HTTPS sessions are being downgraded to insecure cipher suites.

A security engineer needs to implement the following requirements: -All layer 2 switches should leverage Active Directory for authentication -All layer 2 switches should use local fallback authentication if Active Directory is offline. - All layer 2 switches are not the same and are manufactured by several vendors. Which of the following actions should the engineer take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO). A. Implement RADIUS B. Configure AAA on the switch with local login as secondary C. Configure port security on the switch with the secondary login method D. Implement TACACS+ E. Enable the local firewall on the Active Directory server F. Implement a DHCP server

A. Implement RADIUS B. Configure AAA on the switch with local login as secondary

A small business just recovered from a ransomware attack against its file servers by purchasing the decryption keys from the attackers. The issue was triggered by a phishing email and the IT administrator wants to ensure it does not happen again. Which of the following should the IT administrator do FIRST after recovery? A. Scan the NAS for residual or dormant malware and take new daily backups that are tested on a frequent basis. B. Restrict administrative privileges and patch all systems and applications C. Rebuild all workstations and install new antivirus software D.Implement application whitelisting and performs user application hardening

A. Scan the NAS for residual or dormant malware and take new daily backups that are tested on a frequent basis.

Which of the following BEST explains the reason why a server administrator would place a document named password.txt on the desktop of an administrator account on a server? A. The document is a honeyfile and is meant to attract the attention of a cyberintruder. B. The document is a backup file if the system needs to be recovered. C. The document is a standard file that the OS needs to verify the login credentials. D. The document is a keylogger that stores all keystrokes should the account be compromised.

A. The document is a honeyfile and is meant to attract the attention of a cyberintruder.

A recently discovered zero-day exploit utilizes an unknown vulnerability in the SMB network protocol to rapidly infect computers. Once infected, computers are encrypted and held for ransom. Which of the following would BEST prevent this attack from reoccurring? A.Configure the perimeter firewall to deny inbound external connections to SMB ports B.Ensure endpoint detection and response systems are alerting on suspicious SMB connections C. Deny unauthenticated users access to shared network folders. D.Verify computers are set to install monthly operating system updates automatically.

A.Configure the perimeter firewall to deny inbound external connections to SMB ports

An organization has decided to host its web application and database in the cloud. Which of the following BEST describes the security concerns for this decision? Access to the organization's servers could be exposed to other cloud-provider clients. The cloud vendor is a new attack vector within the supply chain. Outsourcing the code development adds risk to the cloud provider. Vendor support will cease when the hosting platforms reach EOL.

Access to the organization's servers could be exposed to other cloud-provider clients

A company is upgrading its wireless infrastructure to WPA2-Enterprise using EAP-TLS. Which of the following must be part of the security architecture to achieve AAA? (Select TWO) DNSSEC Reverse proxy VPN concentrator PKI Active Directory RADIUS

Active Directory RADIUS

Which of the following penetration testing concepts is an attacker MOST interested in when placing the path of a malicious file in the Windows/CurrentVersion/Run registry key? Persistence Pivoting Active reconnaissance Escalation of privilege

Active reconnaissance

A member of the human resources department is searching for candidate resumes and encounters the following error message when attempting to access popular job search websites: Site Cannot Be Displayed: Unauthorized Access Policy Violation: Job SearchUser Group: Retail_Employee_AccessClient Address: 10.13.78.145 DNS Server: 10.1.1.9 Proxy IP Address: 10.1.1.29 Contact your systems administrator for assistance. Which of the following would resolve this issue without compromising the company ́s security policies? Renew the DNS settings and IP address on the employee ́s computer. Add the employee to a less restrictive group on the content filter Remove the proxy settings from the employee ́s web browser. Create an exception for the job search sites in the host-based firewall on the employee ́s computer.

Add the employee to a less restrictive group on the content filter

An organization needs to implement more stringent controls over administrator/root credentials and service accounts. Requirements for the project include: -Check-in/checkout of credentials. -The ability to use but not know the password. -Automated password changes. -Logging of access to credentials. Which of the following solutions would meet the requirements? OAuth 2.0 Secure Enclave A privileged access management system. An OpenID Connect authentication system.

An OpenID Connect authentication system.

Which of the following would be BEST to establish between organizations to define the responsibilities of each party, outline the key deliverables, and include monetary penalties for breaches to manage third-party risk? An ARO An MOU An SLA An BPA

An SLA

A manufacturer creates designs for very high security products that are required to be protected and controlled by government regulations. These designs are not accessible by corporate networks or the Internet. Which of the following is the BEST solution to protect these designs? An air gap. A Faraday cage. A shielded cable. A demilitarized zone

An air gap

A network engineer is troubleshooting wireless network connectivity issues that were reported by users. The issues are occurring only in the section of the building that is closest to the parking lot. Users are intermittently experiencing slow speeds when accessing websites and are unable to connect to network drives. The issues appear to increase when laptop users return to their desks after using their devices in other areas of the building. There have also been reports of users being required o enter their credentials on web pages in order to gain access to them. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this issue? An external access point is engaging in an evil-twin attack The signal on the WAP needs to be increased in that section of the building The certificates have expired on the devices and need to be reinstalled The users in that section of the building are on a VLAN that is being blocked by the firewall

An external access point is engaging in an evil-twin attack

A commercial cyber-threat intelligence organization observes loCs across a variety of unrelated customers. Prior to releasing specific threat intelligence to other paid subscribers, the organization is MOST likely obligated by contracts to: Perform attribution to specific APTs and nation-state actors. Anonymize any PII that is observed within the loC data. Add metadata to track the utilization of threat intelligence reports. Assist companies with impact assessments based on the observed data.

Anonymize any PII that is observed within the loC data.

Which of the following represents a biometric FRR? Authorized users being denied access Users failing to enter the correct PIN The denied and authorized numbers being equal The number of unauthorized users being granted access

Authorized users being denied access

Which of the following are requirements that must be configured for PCI DSS compliance? (select two) A.Testing security systems and processes regularly B. Installing and maintaining a web proxy to protect cardholder data C. Assigning a unique ID to each person with computer access D. Encrypting transmission of cardholder data across private networks E.Benchmarking security awareness training for contractors F.Using vendor-supplied default passwords for system passwords

B. Installing and maintaining a web proxy to protect cardholder data D. Encrypting transmission of cardholder data across private networks

632. picture A company is setting up a web server on the internet that will utilize both encrypted and unencrypted web-browsing protocols. A security engineer runs a port scan against the server from the internet and sees the following output: 22-tcp-open-ssh 25-tcp-filtered-smtp 53-tcp-filtered-domain 80-tcp-open-http 443-tcp-open-https Which of the following steps would be best for the security engineer to take NEXT? Allow DNS access from the internet Block SMTP access from the internet Block HTTPS access from the internet Block SSH access from the internet

Block SSH access from the internet

596. picture A security analyst needs to determine how an attacker was able to use User3 to gain a foothold within a company's network. The company's lockout policy requires that an account be locked out for a minimum of 15 minutes after three unsuccessful attempts. While reviewing the log files, the analyst discovers the following: lots of lines of trying to get into a company and using a bad password Which of the following attacks MOST likely occurred? Dictionary Credential-stuffing Password-spraying Brute force

Brute force

An enterprise has hired an outside security firm to facilitate penetration testing on its network and applications. The firm has agreed to pay for each vulnerability that is discovered. Which of the following BEST represents the type of testing that is being used? White-box Red-team Bug bounty Gray-box Black-box

Bug Bounty

To secure an application after a large data breach, an e-commerce site will be resetting all users' credentials. Which of the following will BEST ensure the site's users are not compromised after the reset? A. a password reuse policy B. Account lockout after three failed attempts C. Encrypted credentials in transit D. A geofencing policy based on login history

C. Encrypted credentials in transit

A startup company is using multiple SaaS and IaaS platforms to stand up to a corporate infrastructure and build out a customer-facing web application. Which of the following solutions would be BEST to provide security, manageability, and visibility into the platforms? A. SIEM B. DLP C. CASB D. SWG

CASB

A security analyst is reviewing information regarding recent vulnerabilities. Which of the following will the analyst MOST likely consult to validate which platforms have been affected? OSINT SIEM CVSS CVE

CVE

Which of the following should a company require prior to performing a penetration test? NDA CVE score Data classification List of threats

CVE score

A security analyst is looking for a solution to help communicate to the leadership team the severity levels of the organization's vulnerabilities. Which of the following would BEST meet this need? A. CVE B. SIEM C. SOAR D. CVSS

CVSS

A university is opening a facility in a location where there is an elevated risk of theft. The university wants to protect the desktops in its classrooms and labs. Which of the following should the university use to BEST protect these assets deployed in the facility? Visitor logs Cable locks Guards Disk encryption Motion detection

Cable locks

A company provides mobile devices to its users to permit access to email and enterprise applications. The company recently started allowing users to select from several different vendors and device models. When configuring the MDM, which of the following is a key security implication of this heterogeneous device approach? A. The most common set of MDM configurations will become the effective set of enterprise mobile security controls. B. All devices will need to support SCEP-based enrollment; therefore, the heterogeneity of the chosen architecture may unnecessarily expose private keys to adversaries. C. MDMs typically will not support heterogeneous deployment environments, so multiple MDMs will need to be installed and configured. D. Certain devices are inherently less secure than others, so compensatory controls will be needed to address the delta between device vendors.

Certain devices are inherently less secure than others, so compensatory controls will be needed to address the delta between device vendors.

An employee has been charged with fraud and is suspected of using corporate assets. As authorities collect evidence, and to preserve the admissibility of the evidence, which of the following forensic techniques should be used? Order of volatility Data recovery Chain of custody Non-repudiation

Chain of custody

474 picture A company recently updated its website to increase sales. The new website uses PHP forms for leads and provides a directory with sales staff and their phone numbers. A systems administrator is concerned about the new website and provides the following log to support the concern: Username JohnD does not exist, password prompt not supplied Username DJohn does not exist, password prompt not supplied etc. Which of the following is the systems administrator MOST likely to suggest to the Chief Information Security Officer based on the above? Changing the account standard naming convention Implementing account lockouts Discontinuing the use of privileged accounts Increasing the minimum password length from eight to ten characters

Changing the account standard naming convention

A external forensics investigator has been hired to investigate a data breach at a large enterprise with numerous assets. It is known that the breach started in the DMZ and moved to the sensitive information, generating multiple logs as the attacker traversed through the network. Which of the following will BEST assist with this investigation? Perform a vulnerability scan to identify the weak spots Use a packet analyzer to investigate the NetFlow traffic Check the SIEM to review the correlated logs Require access to the routers to view current sessions

Check the SIEM to review the correlated logs

A cryptographer has developed a new proprietary hash function for a company and solicited employees to test the function before recommending its implementation. An employee takes the plaintext version of a document and hashes it, then changes the original plaintext document slightly and hashes it, and continues repeating this process until two identical hash values are produced from two different documents. Which of the following BEST describes this cryptographic attach? Brute force Known plaintext Replay Collision

Collsion

Which of the following needs to be performed during a forensics investigation to ensure the data contained in a drive image has not been compromised? Follow the proper chain of custody procedures. Compare the image hash to the original hash. Ensure a legal hold has been placed on the image. Verify the time offset on the image file.

Compare the image hash to the original hash

Which of the following controls is implemented in lieu of the primary security controls? Compensating. Corrective. Detective. Deterrent.

Compensating

After running an online password cracking tool, an attacker recovers the following password: gh ;j SKSTO¡;618& Based on the above information, which of the following technical controls have been implemented (Select TWO). A. Complexity B. Encryption C. Hashing D. Length E. Salting F. Stretching

Complexity Length

A security administrator wants to better prepare the incident response team for possible security events. The IRP has been updated and distributed to incident response team members. Which of the following is the BEST option to fulfill the administrator ́s objective? Identify the members ́ roles and responsibilities. Select a backup-failover location Determine the order of restoration Conduct a tabletop test.

Conduct a tabletop test

A cybersecurity manager has scheduled biannual meetings with the IT team and department leaders to discuss how they would respond to hypothetical cyberattacks. During these meetings, the manager presents a scenario and injects additional information throughout the session to replicate what might occur in a dynamic cybersecurity event involving the company, its facilities, its data, and its staff. Which of the following describes what the manager is doing? Developing an incident response plan. Building a disaster recovery plan. Conducting a tabletop exercise. Running a simulation exercise.

Conducting a tabletop exercise

Following a prolonged datacenter outage that affected web-based sales, a company has decided to move its operations to a private cloud solution. The security team has received the following requirements: -There must be visibility into how teams are using cloud-based services. -The company must be able to identify when data related to payment cards is being sent to the cloud. -Data must be available regardless of the end user's geographic location. -Administrators need a single pane-of-glass view into traffic and trends. Which of the following should the security analyst recommend? Create firewall rules to restrict traffic to other cloud service providers. Install a DLP solution to monitor data in transit. Implement a CASB solution. Configure a web-based content filter.

Configure a web-based content filter.

A financial organization has adopted a new secure, encrypted document-sharing application to help with its customer loan process. Some important PII needs to be shared across this new platform, but it is getting blocked by the DLP systems. Which of the following actions will BEST allow the PII to be shared with the secure application without compromising the organization's security posture? Configure the DLP policies to allow all PII. Configure the firewall to allow all ports that are used by this application. Configure the antivirus software to allow the application. Configure the DLP policies to whitelist this application with the specific PII. Configure the application to encrypt the PII.

Configure the DLP policies to whitelist this application with the specific PII.

An organization is building a new customer services team, and the manager needs to keep the team focused on customer issues and minimize distractions. The users have a specific set of tools installed, which they must use to perform their duties. Other tools are not permitted for compliance and tracking purposes. Team members have access to the internet for product lookups and to research customer issues. Which of the following should a security engineer employ to fulfill the requirements for the manager? Install a web application firewall. Install HIPS on the team's workstations. Implement containerization on the workstations. Configure whitelisting for the team.

Configure whitelisting for the team

A company recently transitioned to a strictly BYOD culture due to the cost of replacing lost or damaged corporate-owned mobile devices. Which of the following technologies would be BEST to balance the BYOD culture while also protecting the company's data? Containerization Geofencing Full-disk encryption Remote wipe

Containerization

A root cause analysis reveals that a web application outage was caused by one of the company's developers uploading a newer version of the third-party libraries that were shared among several applications. Which of the following implementations would be BEST to prevent this issue from reoccurring? CASB SWG Containerization Automated failover

Containerization

Which of the following incident response steps involves actions to protect critical systems while maintaining business operations? Investigation Containment Recovery Lessons learned

Containment

A development team employs a practice of bringing all the code changes from multiple team members into the same development project through automation. A tool is utilized to validate the code and track source code through version control. Which of the following BEST describes this process? Continuous delivery Continuous integration Continuous validation Continuous monitoring

Continuous Integration

A security analyst discovers that a company username and password database was posted on an internet forum. The username and passwords are stored in plain text. Which of the following would mitigate the damage done by this type of data exfiltration in the future? Create DLP controls that prevent documents from leaving the network. Implement salting and hashing. Configure the web content filter to block access to the forum. Increase password complexity requirements

Create DLP controls that prevent documents from leaving the network

A consultant is configuring a vulnerability scanner for a large, global organization in multiple countries. The consultant will be using a service account to scan systems with administrative privileges on a weekly basis, but there is a concern that hackers could gain access to the account and pivot through the global network. Which of the following would be BEST to help mitigate this concern? A. Create consultant accounts for each region, each configured with push MFA notifications B. Create one global administrator account and enforce Kerberos authentication C. Create a guest account for each region, remember the last ten passwords, and block password D. Create different accounts for each region, limit their logon times, and alert on risky logins

Create different accounts for each region, limit their logon times, and alert on risky logins

A customer called a company's security team to report that all invoices the customer has received over the last five days from the company appear to have fraudulent banking details. An investigation into the matter reveals the following: -The manager of the accounts payable department is using the same password across multiple external websites and the corporate account -One of the websites the manager used recently experienced a data breach -The manager's corporate email account was successfully accessed in the last five days by an IP address located in a foreign country Which of the following attacks has MOST likely been used to compromise the manager's corporate account? A. Remote access Trojan B. Brute-force C. Dictionary D.Credential stuffing E. Password spraying

Credential stuffing

A security administrator wants to determine if a company's web servers have the latest operating system and application patches installed. Which of the following of vulnerability scans should be conducted? Non-credentialed PassivePort Credentialed Red team Active

Credentialed

A security analyst needs to perform periodic vulnerability scans on production systems. Which of the following types would produce the BEST vulnerability scan report? Port Intrusive Host discovery Credentialed

Credentialed

In which of the following situations would it be BEST to use a detective control type for mitigation? A. A company implemented a network load balancer to ensure 99.999% availability of its web application.A company designed a backup solution to increase the chances of restoring services in case of a natural disaster. B. A company purchased an application-level firewall to isolate traffic between the accounting department and the information technology department. C. A company purchased liability insurance for flood protection on all capital assets. D. A company purchased an IPS system, but after reviewing the requirements, the appliance was supposed to monitor, not block, any traffic.

D. A company purchased an IPS system, but after reviewing the requirements, the appliance was supposed to monitor, not block, any traffic.

A company has drafted an insider-threat policy that prohibits the use of external storage devices. Which of the following would BEST protect the company from data exfiltration via removable media? A. Monitoring large data transfer transactions in the firewall logs. B. Developing mandatory training to educate employees about the removable media policy. C. Implementing a group policy to block user access to system files. D. Blocking removable-media devices and write capabilities using a host-based security

D. Blocking removable-media devices and write capabilities using a host-based security

An organization discovers that unauthorized applications have been installed ion company-provided mobile phones. The organization issues these devices, but some users have managed to bypass the security controls. Which of the following is the MOST likely issue, and how can the organization BEST prevent this from happening? A.The mobile phones are being infected with malware that covertly installs the applications. Implement full disk encryption and integrity-checking software. B. The mobile phones have been compromised by an APT and can no longer be trusted. Scan the devices for the unauthorized software, recall any compromised devices, and issue completely new ones. C. Some advances users are upgrading the devices' OS and installing the applications. The organization should create an AUP that prohibits this activity. D. Some advanced users are jailbreaking the OS and bypassing the controls. Implement an MDM solution to control access to company resources.

D. Some advanced users are jailbreaking the OS and bypassing the controls. Implement an MDM solution to control access to company resources.

Employees are having issues accessing the companys website. Some employees report very slow performance, while others cannot the website at all. The web and security administrators search the logs and find millions of half-open connections to port 443 on the web server. Further analysis reveals thousands of different source IPs initiating this traffic. Which of the following attacks is MOST likely occurring? DDoS Man-in-the-middle MAC flooding Domain hijacking

DDoS

To further secure a company's email system, an administrator is adding public keys to DNS records in the company's domain. Which of the following is being used? A. PFSB. B.SPFC. C. DMARC D. DNSSEC

DNSSEC Explanation: DNSSEC strengthens authentication in DNS using digital signatures based on public key cryptography

The manager who is responsible for a data set has asked a security engineer to apply encryption to the data on a hard disk. The security engineer is an example of a: Data controller Data owner Data custodian Data processor

Data Processor

Which of the following will MOST likely cause machine-learning and AI-enabled systems to operate with unintended consequences? Stored procedures Buffer overflows Data bias Code reuse

Data bias Explanation: Data bias in machine learning is a type of error in which certain elements of a dataset are more heavily weighted and/or represented than others. A biased dataset does not accurately represent a model's use case, resulting in skewed outcomes, low accuracy levels, and analytical errors.

Which of the following provides the BEST protection for sensitive information and data stored in cloud-based services but still allows for full functionality and searchability of data within the cloud-based services? Data encryption Data masking Anonymization Tokenization

Data masking

A network administrator has been asked to install an IDS to improve the security posture of an organization. Which of the following control types is an IDS? Corrective Physical Detective Administrative

Detective

Which of the following types of controls is a CCTV camera that is not being monitored? Detective Deterrent Physical Preventive

Detective

An organization blocks user access to command-line interpreters, but hackers still managed to invoke interpreters using native administrative tools. Which of the following should the security team do to prevent this from happening in the future? Implement HIPS to block inbound and outbound SMB ports 139 and 445. Trigger s SIEM alert whenever the native OS tools are executed by the user. Disable the built-in OS utilities as long as they are not needed for functionality. Configure the AV to quarantine the native OS tools whenever they are executed.

Disable the built-in OS utilities as long as they are not needed for functionality.

An organization is developing a plan in the event of a complete loss of critical systems and data. Which of the following plans is the organization MOST likely developing? Incident response Communications Disaster recovery Data retention

Disaster Recovery

An organization's help desk is flooded with phone calls from users stating they can no longer access certain websites. The help desk escalates the issue to the security team, as these websites were accessible the previous day. The security analysts run the following command: ipconfig/flushdns, but the issue persists. Finally, an analyst changes the DNS server for an impacted machine, and the issue goes away. Which of the following attacks MOST likely occurred on the original DNS server? DNS cache poisoning Domain hijacking Distributed denial-of-service DNS tunneling

Domain hijacking

A university with remote campuses, which all use different service providers, loses Internet connectivity across all locations. After a few minutes, Internet and VoIP services are restored, only to go offline again at random intervals, typically within four minutes of services being restored. Outages continue throughout the day, impacting all inbound and outbound connections and services. Services that are limited to the local LAN or WIFI network are not impacted, but all WAN and VoIP services are affected. Later that day, the edge-router manufacturer releases a CVE outlining the ability of an attacker to exploit the SIP protocol handling on devices, leading to resource exhaustion and system reloads. Which of the following BEST describe this type of attack? (Select TWO). DoS SSL stripping Memory leak Race condition Shimming Refactoring

Dos Memory Leak

Which of the following technical controls is BEST suited for the detection and prevention of buffer overflows on hosts? A. DLP B. HIDS C. EDR D. NIPS

EDR

A security analyst receives the configuration of a current VPN profile and notices the authentication is only applied to the IP datagram portion of the packet. Which of the following should the analyst implement to authentication the entire packet? A. AH B. ESP C. SRTP D. LDAP

ESP

An organization routs all of its traffic through a VPN. Most users are remote and connect into a corporate datacenter that houses confidential information. There is a firewall at the internet border, followed by a DLP appliance, the VPN server, and the datacenter itself. Which of the following is the WEAKEST design element? The DLP appliance should be integrated into a NGFW Split-tunnel connections can negatively impact the DLP appliance's performance Encrypted VPN traffic will not be inspected when entering or leaving the network. Adding two hops in the VPN tunnel may slow down remote connections

Encrypted VPN traffic will not be inspected when entering or leaving the network.

A RAT that was used to compromise an organization's banking credentials was found on a user's computer. The RAT evaded antivirus detection. It was installed by a user who was local administrator rights to the system as part of a remote management tool set. Which of the following recommendations would BEST prevent this from reoccurring? Create a new acceptable use policy. Segment the network into trusted and untrusted zones. Enforce application whitelisting. Implement DLP at the network boundary.

Enforce application whitelisting

673 (picture) -> time is almost identical and same source but SN is different A user reports constant lag and performance issues with the wireless network when working at a local coffee shop. A security analyst walks the user through an installation of Wireshark and gets a five-minute pcap to analyze. The analyst observes the following output: Which of the following attacks does the analyst MOST likely see in this packet capture? Session replay Evil twin Bluejacking ARP poisoning

Evil Twin

Phishing and spear-phishing attacks have been occurring more frequently against a company's staff. Which of the following would MOST likely help mitigate this issue? DNSSEC and DMARC DNS query logging Exact mail exchanger records in the DNS The addition of DNS conditional forwarders

Exact mail exchanger records in the DNS

A technician is configuring an intrusion prevention system to improve its ability to find and stop threats. In the past, the system did not detect and stop some threats. Which of the following BEST describes what the technician is trying to correct with the new configuration? . False positives False acceptance rate False negatives Error correction rate False rejection rate

False Negatives

A security analyst reviews the datacenter access logs for a fingerprint scanner and notices an abundance of errors that correlate with users' reports of issues accessing the facility. Which of the following MOST likely indicates the cause of the access issues? False rejection Cross-over error rate Efficacy rate Attestation

False Rejection Explanation: False Rejection Rate (FRR) is the proportion of times a biometric system fails to grant access to an authorized person. In statistical terms, FRR is Type I error.

Which of the following would be the BEST method for creating a detailed diagram of wireless access points and hotspots? Footprinting White-box testing A drone/UAV Pivoting

Footprinting

A security analyst is hardening a Linux workstation and must ensure it has public keys forwarded to remote systems for secure login. Which of the following steps should the analyst perform to meet these requirements? (Select TWO). Forward the keys using ssh-copy-id. Forward the keys using scp. Forward the keys using ssh -i. Forward the keys using openssl -s. Forward the keys using ssh-keygen.

Forward the keys using ssh-copy-id. Forward the keys using ssh-keygen.

A security analyst needs to implement a MDM solution for BYOD users that will allow the company to retain control over company emails residing on the devices and limit data exfiltration that might occur if the devices are lost or stolen. Which of the following would BEST meet these requirements? (Select TWO) Full-device encryption Network usage rules Geofencing Containerization Application whitelisting F. Remote control

Full-device encryption Containerization

A user is concerned that a web application will not be able to handle unexpected or random inputs without crashing. Which of the following BEST describes the type of testing the user should perform? Code signing Fuzzing Manual code review Dynamic code analysis

Fuzzing

A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) needs to create a policy set that meets international standards for data privacy and sharing. Which of the following should the CISO read and understand before writing the policies? PCI DSS GDPR NIST ISO 31000

GDPR

Which of the following is MOST likely to outline the roles and responsibilities of data controllers and data processors? SSAE SOC 2 PCI DSS GDPR ISO 31000

GDPR

A security analyst discovers several .jpg photos from a cellular phone during a forensics investigation involving a compromised system. The analyst runs a forensics tool to gather file metadata. Which of the following would be part of the images if all the metadata is still intact? The GPS location When the file was deleted The total number of print jobs The number of copies made

GPS location

An organization is developing an authentication service for use at the entry and exit ports of country borders. The service will use data feeds obtained from passport systems, passenger manifests, and high-definition video feeds from CCTV systems that are located at the ports. The service will incorporate machine-learning techniques to eliminate biometric enrollment processes while still allowing authorities to identify passengers with increasing accuracy over time. The more frequently passengers travel, the more accurately the service will identify them. Which of the following biometrics will MOST likely be used, without the need for enrollment? (Select TWO). Voice Gait Vein Facial Retina Fingerprint

Gait Facial

A security engineer wants to add SSL to the public web server. Which of the following would be the FIRST step to implement the SSL certificate? Download the web certificate. Install the intermediate certificate. Generate a CSR Encrypt the private key.

Generate a CSR

An engineer wants to access sensitive data from a corporate-owned mobile device. Personal data is not allowed on the device. Which of the following MDM configurations must be considered when the engineer travels for business? Screen locks Application management Geofencing Containerization

Geofencing

A worldwide manufacturing company has been experiencing email account compromises. In one incident, a user logged in from the corporate office in France, but then seconds later, the same user account attempted a login from Brazil. Which of the following account policies would BEST prevent this type of attack? Network location Impossible travel time Geolocation Geofencing

Geolocation

A company hired a firm to test the security posture of its database servers and determine if any vulnerabilities can be explained. The company provided limited information pertaining to the infrastructure and database server. Which of the following forms of testing does this BEST describe? Black box Gray box White box Vulnerability scanning

Gray Box

A salesperson often uses a USB drive to save and move files from a corporate laptop.The corporate laptop was recently updated, and now the files on the USB are read-only. Which of the following was recently added to the laptop? Antivirus software File integrity check HIPS DLP

HIPS

A company's Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) recently warned the security manager that the company's Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is planning to publish a controversial option article in a national newspaper, which may result in new cyberattacks. Which of the following would be BEST for the security manager to use in a threat mode? Hacktivists White-hat hackers Script kiddies Insider threats

Hacktivists

Which of the following cryptographic concepts would a security engineer utilize while implementing non-repudiation? (Select TWO). Block cipher Perfect forward secrecy Salting Symmetric keys Hashing Private key

Hashing Private Key

A security analyst is performing a packet capture on a series of SOAP HTTP requests for a security assessment. The analyst redirects the output to a file after the capture is complete, the analyst needs to review the first transactions quickly and then search the entire series of requests for a particular string. Which of the following would be BEST to use to accomplish the task? (Select TWO). A. Head B. Tcpdump C. grep D. rail E. curl F. opens si G. dd

Head Tcpdump

A network engineer needs to create a plan for upgrading the wireless infrastructure in a large office. Priority must be given to areas that are currently experiencing latency and connection issues. Which of the following would be the BEST resource for determining the order of priority? Nmap Heat maps Network diagrams Wireshark

Heat Maps Explanation: A wireless heat map is a visual presentation of the state of wireless network signal coverage over a certain area and will help network engineers visualize wireless network coverage, identify dead zones, make adjustments, and improve coverage within the wireless network environment.

A company recently experienced data exfiltration via the corporate network. In response to the breach, a security analyst recommends deploying an out-of-band IDS solution. The analyst says the solution can be implemented without purchasing any additional network hardware. Which of the following solutions will be used to deploy the IDS? Network tap Network proxy Honeypot Port mirroring

Honeypot

Which of the following distributes data among nodes, making it more difficult to manipulate the data while also minimizing downtime? MSSP Public cloud Hybrid cloud Fog Computing

Hybrid cloud

Which of the following cloud models provides clients with servers, storage, and networks but nothing else? SaaS PaaS IaaS DaaS

IaaS

A security operations analyst is using the company's SIEM solution to correlate alerts. Which of the following stages of the incident response process is this an example of? A. Eradication B. Recovery C. Identification D. Preparation

Identification

Joe, a user at a company, clicked an email link that led to a website that infected his workstation. Joe, was connected to the network and the virus spread to the network shares. The protective measures failed to stop this virus and it continues to evade detection. Which of the following should the administrator implement to protect the environment from this malware? Install a definition-based antivirusImplement an IDS/IPS Implement a heuristic behavior-detection solution Implement CASB to protect the network shares

Implement a heuristic behavior-detection solution

An organization's RPO for a critical system is two hours. The system is used Monday through Friday, from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Currently; the organization performs a full backup every Saturday that takes four hours to complete. Which of the following additional backup implementations would be the MOST efficient way for the analyst to meet the business requirements? Incremental backups Monday through Friday at 6:00 p.m. and differential backups. Full backups Monday through Friday at 6:00 p.m. and incremental backups hourly. Incremental backups Monday through Friday at 6:00 p.m. and full backups hourly. Full backups Monday through Friday at 6:00 p.m. and differential backups hourly.

Incremental backups Monday through Friday at 6:00 p.m. and differential backups.

682. A security analyst sees the following log output while reviewing web logs: "GET / uri/input.action?" (Picture) Which of the following mitigation strategies would be BEST to prevent this attack from being successful? ] Secure cookies Input validation Code signing Stored procedures

Input Validation

A network engineer needs to build a solution that will allow guests at the company's headquarters to access the Internet via WiFi. This solution should not allow access to the internal corporate network, but it should require quests to sign off on the acceptable use policy before accessing the Internet. Which of the following should the engineer employ to meet these requirements? Implement open PSK on the APs. Deploy a WAF. Configure WIPS on the APs. Install a captive portal.

Install a captive portal.

A Chief Security Officer's (CSO's) key priorities are to improve preparation, response, and recovery practices to minimize system downtime and enhance organizational resilience to ransomware attacks. Which of the following would BEST meet the CSO's objectives? A. Use email-filtering software and centralized account management, patch high-risk systems, and restrict administration privileges on fileshares. B. Purchase cyber insurance from a reputable provider to reduce expenses during an incident. C. Implement application whitelisting and centralized event-log management, and perform regular testing and validation of full backups D. Invest in end-user awareness training to change the long-term culture and behavior of staff and executives, reducing the organization's susceptibility to phishing attacks.

Invest in end-user awareness training to change the long-term culture and behavior of staff and executives, reducing the organization's susceptibility to phishing attacks.

Which of the following is a security consideration for IoT devices? IoT devices have built-in accounts that users rarely access. IoT devices have less processing capabilities. IoT devices are physically segmented from each other. IoT devices have purpose-built applications.

IoT devices have built-in accounts that users rarely access.

A security analyst needs to produce a document that details how a security incident occurred, the steps that were taken for recovery, and how future incidents can be avoided. During which of the following stages of the response process will this activity take place? Recovery Identification Lessons learned Preparation

Lessons learned

A company notices that at 10 am every Thursday, three user's computers become inoperable. The security analyst team discovers a file called where.pdf.exe that runs on system startup. The contents of where.pdf.exe are shown below: @echo off If [c:\file.txt] deltree c:\ Based on the above information, which of the following types of malware was discovered? Rootkit Backdoor Logic bomb RAT

Logic bomb

A security analyst needs to make a recommendation for restricting access to certain segments of the network using only data-link layer security. Which of the following controls will the analyst MOST likely recommend? A. MAC B. ACL C. BPDU D. ARP

MAC

A security analyst is preparing a threat brief for an upcoming internal penetration test. The analyst needs to identify a method for determining the tactics, techniques, and procedures of a threat actor against the organization's network. Which of the following will the analyst MOST likely use to accomplish the objective? A tabletop exercise NIST CSF MITRE ATT&CK OWASP

MITRE ATT&CK Explanation: ATT&CK stands for: Adversarial Tactics, Techniques & Common Knowledge. What is ATT&CK? MITRE ATT&CK framework is a globally accessible knowledge base of adversary tactics and techniques based on real- world observations. ... Within Enterprise ATT&CK, behaviors are expressed as TTPs (Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures).

A company has determined that if its computer-based manufacturing machinery is not functioning for 12 consecutive hours, it will lose more money than it costs to maintain the equipment. Which of the following must be less than 12 hours to maintain a positive total cost of ownership? A. MTBF B. RPO C. RTO D. MTTR

MTTR

613 Picture A security administrator checks the table of a network switch, which shows the following output: Dynamic --> type Ge0/5 --> port Different Physical addresses Which of the following is happening to this switch? MAC flooding DNS poisoning MAC cloning ARP poisoning

Mac flooding

579 picture A researcher has been analyzing large data sets for the last ten months. The researcher works with colleagues from other institutions and typically connects via SSH to retrieve additional data. Historically, this setup has worked without issue, but the researcher recently started getting the following message: WARNING! REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED... IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY... Which of the following network attacks is the researcher MOST likely experiencing? MAC cloning Evil twin Man-in-the-middle. ARP poisoning

Man in the middle

A company processes highly sensitive data and senior management wants to protect the sensitive data by utilizing classification labels. Which of the following access control schemes would be BEST for the company to implement? A. Discretionary B. Rule-based C. Role-based D. Mandatory

Mandatory

A company is adopting a BYOD policy and is looking for a comprehensive solution to protect company information on user devices. Which of the following solutions would BEST support the policy? Mobile device management Full-device encrpytion Remote Wipe Biometrics

Mobile device management

A network administrator has been asked to design a solution to improve a company's security posture. The administrator is given the following requirements: -The solution must be inline in the network -The solution must be able to block known malicious traffic -The solution must be able to stop network-based attacks Which of the following should the network administrator implement to BEST meet these requirements? A. HIDS B. NIDS C. HIPS D. NIPS

NIPS

An analyst needs to identify the applications a user was running and the files that were open before the user's computer was shut off by holding down the power button. Which of the following would MOST likely contain that information? A. NGFW B. Pagefile C. NetFlow D. RAM

Netflow

A security analyst needs to complete an assessment. The analyst is logged into a server and must use native tools to map services running on it to the server's listening ports. Which of the following tools can BEST accomplish this talk? A. Netcat B. Netstat C. Nmap D. Nessus

Netstat

A security administrator suspects there may be unnecessary services running on a server. Which of the following tools will the administrator MOST likely use to confirm the suspicions? A. Nmap B. Wireshark C. Autopsy D. DNSEnum

Nmap

When used at the design stage, which of the following improves the efficiency, accuracy, and speed of a database? Tokenization Data masking Normalization Obfuscation

Normalization

A security engineer at an office government facility is concerned about the validity of an SSL certificate. The engineer wants to perform the fastest check with the least delay to determine if the certificate has been revoked. Which of the following would BEST meet these requirements? A. RA B. OCSP C. CRL D. CSR

OCSP

In which of the following common use cases would steganography be employed? Obfuscation Integrity Non-repudiation Blockchain

Obfuscation

A retail executive recently accepted a job with a major competitor. The following week, a security analyst reviews the security logs and identifies successful logon attempts to access the departed executive's accounts. Which of the following security practices would have addressed the issue? A non-disclosure agreement Least privilege An acceptable use policy Offboarding

Offboarding

To reduce costs and overhead, an organization wants to move from an on-promises email solution to a cloud-based email solution. At this time, no other services will be moving. Which of the following cloud models would BEST meet the needs of the organization? MaaS IaaS SaaS PaaS

Paas

Which of the following would MOST likely support the integrity of a voting machine? Asymmetric encryption Blockchain Transport Layer Security Perfect forward secrecy

Perfect forward secrecy

A network engineer has been asked to investigate why several wireless barcode scanners and wireless computers in a warehouse have intermittent connectivity to the shipping server. The barcode scanners and computers are all on forklift trucks and move around the warehouse during their regular use. Which of the following should the engineer do to determine the issue? (Select TWO). Perform a site survey Deploy an FTK imager Create a heat map Scan for rogue access points Upgrade the security protocols Install a captive portal

Perform a site survey Create a heat map

A technician is auditing network security by connecting a laptop to open hardwired jacks within the facility to verify they cannot connect. Which of the following is being tested? Layer 3 routing Port security Secure IMAP S/MIME

Port Security

A security analyst is interested in setting up an IDS to monitor the company network. The analyst has been told there can be no network downtime to implement the solution, but the IDS must capture all of the network traffic. Which of the following should be used for the IDS implementation? Network tap Honeypot Aggregation Port mirror

Port mirror

A symmetric encryption algorithm is BEST suited for: Key-exchange scalability Protecting large amounts of data Providing hashing capabilities Implementing non-repudiation

Protecting large amounts of data

A small retail business has a local store and a newly established and growing online storefront. A recent storm caused a power outage to the business and the local ISP, resulting in several hours of lost sales and delayed order processing. The business owner now needs to ensure two things: -Protection from power outages -Always-available connectivity in case of an outage The owner has decided to implement battery backups for the computer equipment. Which of the following would BEST fulfill the owner's second need? Lease a point-to-point circuit to provide dedicated access Connect the business router to its own dedicated UPS Purchase services from a cloud provider for high availability Replace the business's wired network with a wireless network

Purchase services from a cloud provider for high availability

A company is implementing MFA for all applications that store sensitive data. The IT manager wants MFA to be non-disruptive and user friendly. Which of the following technologies should the IT manager use when implementing MFA? One-time passwords. Email tokens. Push notifications. Hardware authentication.

Push notifications

A network administrator is trying to provide the most resilient hard drive configuration in a server. With five hard drives, which of the following is the MOST fault-tolerant configuration? RAID 1 RAID 5 RAID 6 RAID 10

Raid 6

A critical files server is being upgraded, and the systems administrator must determine which RAID level the new server will need to achieve parity and handle two simultaneous disk failures. Which of the following RAID levels meets this requirement? RAID 0+1 RAID 2 RAID 5 RAID 6

Raid 6 Explanation: RAID 6 uses double parity blocks to achieve better data redundancy than RAID 5. This increases the fault tolerance for up to two drive failures in the array.

An organization's IRP prioritizes containment over eradication. An incident has been discovered where an attacker outside of the organization has installed cryptocurrency mining software on the organization's web servers. Given the organization's stated priorities, which of the following would be the NEXT step? Remove the affected servers from the network. Review firewall and IDS logs to identify possible source IPs. Identify and apply any missing operating system and software patches. Delete the malicious software and determine if the servers must be reimaged.

Remove the affected servers from the network.

A user is unable to obtain an IP address from the corporate DHCP server. Which of the following is MOST likely the cause? Default configuration Resource exhaustion Memory overflow Improper input handling

Resource exhaustion

After consulting with the Chief Risk Officer (CRO), a manager decides to acquire cybersecurity insurance for the company. Which of the following risk management strategies is the manager adopting? . Risk acceptance Risk avoidance Risk transference Risk mitigation

Risk Transference

An email systems administrator is configuring the mail server to prevent spear phishing attacks email messages. Which of the following refers to what the administrator is doing? Risk avoidance Risk mitigation Risk transference Risk acceptance

Risk mitigation

Which of the following scenarios would make a DNS sinkhole effective in thwarting an attack? An attacker is sniffing traffic to port 53, and the server is managed using unencrypted usernames and passwords. An organization is experiencing excessive traffic on port 53 and suspects an attacker is trying to DoS the domain name server. Malware is trying to resolve an unregistered domain name to determine if it is running in an isolated sandbox. Routing tables have been compromised, and an attacker is rerouting traffic to malicious websites.

Routing tables have been compromised, and an attacker is rerouting traffic to malicious websites. Explanation: DNS sinkhole, also known as a sinkhole server, Internet sinkhole, or Blackhole DNS[1] is a DNS server that gives out a false result for a domain name. A sinkhole is a DNS provider that supplies systems looking for DNS information with false results, allowing an attacker to redirect a system to a potentially malicious destination. DNS sinkholes have also historically been used for non-malicious purposes. DNS sinkhole, also known as a sinkhole server, Internet sinkhole, or Blackhole DNS[1] is a DNS server that gives out a false result for a domain name. A sinkhole is a DNS provider that supplies systems looking for DNS information with false results, allowing an attacker to redirect a system to a potentially malicious destination. DNS sinkholes have also historically been used for non- malicious purposes.

A cybersecurity analyst needs to implement secure authentication to third-party websites without users' passwords. Which of the following would be the BEST way to achieve this objective? OAuth SSO SAML PAP

SAML

An organization with a low tolerance for user inconvenience wants to protect laptop hard drives against loss or data theft. Which of the following would be the MOST acceptable? SED HSM DLP TPM

SED

Which of the following should be put in place when negotiating with a new vendor about the timeliness of the response to a significant outage or incident? A. MOU B. MTTR C. SLA D. NDA

SLA

An analyst is trying to identify insecure services that are running on the internal network. After performing a port scan, the analyst identifies that a server has some insecure services enabled on default ports. Which of the following BEST describes the services that are currently running and the secure alternatives for replacing them? (Select THREE). SFTP, FTPS SNMPv2, SNMPv3 HTTP, HTPS TFTP, FTP SNMPv1, SNMPv2 Telnet, SSH TLS, SSL POP, IMAP Login, rlogin

SNMPv2, SNMPv3 HTTP, HTPS Telnet, SSH

A security administrator currently spends a large amount of time on common security tasks, such as report generation, phishing investigations, and user provisioning and deprovisioning. This prevents the administrator from spending time on other security projects. The business does not have the budget to add more staff members. Which of the following should the administrator implement? A. DAC B. ABAC C. SCAP D. SOAR

SOAR

A small company that does not have security staff wants to improve its security posture. Which of the following would BEST assist the company? MSSP SOAR laaS PaaS

SOAR

A large enterprise has moved all its data to the cloud behind strong authentication and encryption. A sales director recently had a laptop stolen, and later, enterprise data was found to have been compromised from a local database. Which of the following was the MOST likely cause? Shadow IT Credential stuffing SQL injection Man in the browser Bluejacking

SQL Injection

An application developer is working on a new calendar and scheduling application. The developer wants to test new functionality that is time/date dependent and set the local system time on one year in the future. The application also has a feature that uses SHA-256 hashing and AES encryption for data exchange. The application attempts to connect to a separate remote server using SSL, but the connection fails. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause and next step? A. The date is past the certificate expiration; reset the system to the current time and see if the connection still fails. B.The remote server cannot support SHA-256; try another hashing algorithm like SHA-1 and see if the application can connect. C. AES is date/time dependent, either reset the system time to the correct time or try a different encryption approach. D. SSL is not the correct protocol to use in this situation; change to TLS and try the client- server connection again.

SSL is not the correct protocol to use in this situation; change to TLS and try the client- server connection again.

Which of the following often operates in a client-server architecture to act as a service repository, providing enterprise consumers access to structured threat intelligence data? STIX CIRT OSINT TAXII

STIX

A database administrator needs to ensure all passwords are stored in a secure manner, so the administrator adds randomly generated data to each password before storing. Which of the following techniques BEST explains this action? Predictability Key stretching Salting Hashing

Salting

The following is an administrative control that would be MOST effective to reduce the occurrence of malware execution? Security awareness training Frequency of NIDS updates EDR reporting cycle Change control procedures

Security awareness training

The CSIRT is reviewing the lessons learned from a recent incident. A worm was able to spread unhindered throughout the network and infect a large number of computers and servers. Which of the following recommendations would be BEST to mitigate the impacts of a similar incident in the future? Install a NIDS device at the boundary. Segment the network with firewalls. Update all antivirus signatures daily. Implement application blacklisting.

Segment the network with firewalls.

The facilities supervisor for a government agency is concerned about unauthorized access to environmental systems in the event the staff WiFi network is breached. Which of the blowing would BEST address this security concern? Install a smart meter on the staff wifi. Place the environmental systems in the same DHCP scope as the staff wifi. Implement Zigbee on the staff wifi access points. Segment the staff wifi network from the environmental systems network

Segment the staff wifi network from the environmental systems network

A large industrial system's smart generator monitors the system status and sends alerts to third-party maintenance personnel when critical failures occur. While reviewing the network logs the company's security manager notices the generator's IP is sending packets to an internal file server's IP. Which of the following mitigations would be BEST for the security manager to implement while maintaining alerting capabilities? Segmentation Firewall whitelisting Containment Isolation

Segmentation

Which of the following policies would help an organization identify and mitigate potential single points of failure in the company's IT/Security operations? Least privilege Awareness training Separation of duties Mandatory vacation

Separation of duties

Which of the following policies would help an organization identify and mitigate potential single points of failure in the company's IT/security operations? Least privilege Awareness training Separation of duties Mandatory vacation

Separation of duties

A security analyst is reviewing the output of a web server log and notices a particular account is attempting to transfer large amounts of money: GET http://yourbank.com/transfer.do7acctnum=0876amount=50000 HTTP /1.1 (same line above x4) Which of the following types of attack is MOST likely being conducted? SQLi CSRF Session replay API

Session Replay

581. picture A security analyst is reviewing a new website that will soon be made publicly available. The analyst sees the following in the URL: http;//dev-site.comtia.org/home/show.php?sessionID=723=us The analyst then sends an internal user a link to the new website for testing purposes, and when the user clicks the link, the analyst is able to browse the website with the following URL: http;//dev-site.comtia.org/home/show.php?sessionID=893=us Which of the following application attacks is being tested? Pass-the-hash Session replay Object deference Cross-site request forgery

Session replay

A security analyst is configuring a large number of new company-issued laptops. The analyst received the following requirements: -The devices will be used internationally by staff who travel extensively -Occasional personal use is acceptable due to the travel requirements -Users must be able to install and configure sanctioned programs and productivity suites -The devices must be encrypted -The devices must be capable of operating in low-bandwidth environments Which of the following would provide the GREATEST benefit to the security posture of the devices? Configuring an always-on VPN. Implementing application whitelisting. Requiring web traffic to pass through the on-premises content filter. Setting the antivirus DAT update schedule to weekly.

Setting the antivirus DAT update schedule to weekly (DAT=Data file)

The IT department at a university is concerned about professors placing servers on the university network in an attempt to bypass security controls. Which of the following BEST represents this type of threat? A script kiddie Shadow IT Hacktivism White-hat

Shadow IT

Which of the following refers to applications and systems that are used within an organization without consent or approval? Shadow IT OSINT Dark Web Insider Threats

Shadow IT

A user recently received a SMS on a mobile phone that asked for bank delays. Which of the following social-engineering techniques was used in this case? A. SPIM B. Vishing C. Spear phishing D. Smishing

Smishing

A public relations team will be taking a group of guest on a tour through the facility of a large e-commerce company. The day before the tour, the company sends out an email to employees to ensure all whiteboards are cleaned and all desks are cleared. The company is MOST likely trying to protect against. Loss of proprietary information Damage to the company's reputation Social engineering Credential exposure

Social engineering

Which of the following BEST describes the MFA attribute that requires a callback on a predefined landline? Something you exhibit Something you can do Someone you know Somewhere you are

Somewhere you are

Joe, an employee, receives an email stating he won the lottery. The email includes a link that requests a name, mobile phone number, address, and date of birth be provided to confirm Joe's identity before sending him the prize. Which of the following BEST describes this type of email? Spear phishing Whaling Phishing Vishing

Spear phishing

524 - picture A security analyst has been asked to investigate a situation after the SOC started to receive alerts from the SIEM. The analyst first looks at the domain controller and finds the following events Kerberos pre-authentication failed shows date and time source: microsoft windows event id: 4771 to better understand what is going on, the analyst runs a command and receives the following output John.Smith, bad password attempt @ 11:37:21, bad password count: 7 Joe.Jones, bad password attempt @ 11:37:21, bad password count: 13 etc. based on the analyst's findings, which of the following attacks is being executed? Credential harvesting Keylogger Brute-force Spraying

Spraying

Which of the following environments minimizes end-user disruption and is MOST likely to be used to assess the impacts of any database migrations or major system changes by using the final version of the code? A. Staging B. Test C. Production D. Development

Staging

An attachment that was emailed to finance employees contained an embedded message. The security administrator investigates and finds the intent was to conceal the embedded information from public view. Which of the following BEST describes this type of message? A. Obfuscation B. Steganography C. Diffusion D. BCRYPT

Steganography

The IT department's on-site developer has been with the team for many years. Each time an application is released, the security team is able to identify multiple vulnerabilities. Which of the following would BEST help the team ensure the application is ready to be released to production? Limit the use of third-party libraries. Prevent data exposure queries. Obfuscate the source code. Submit the application to QA before releasing it.

Submit the application to QA before releasing it

A government organization recently contacted three different vendors to obtain cost quotes for a desktop PC refresh. The quote from one of the vendors was significantly lower than the other two and was selected for the purchase. When the PCs arrived, a technician determined some NICs had been tampered. Which of the following MOST accurately describes the security risk presented in this situation? Hardware root of trust UEFI Supply chain TPM Crypto-malware ARP poisoning

Supply chain

An analyst needs to set up a method for securely transferring files between systems. One of the requirements is to authenticate the IP header and the payload. Which of the following services would BEST meet the criteria? TLS PFS ESP AH

TLS

Which of the following is the MAIN disadvantage of using SSO? The architecture can introduce a single point of failure. Users need to authenticate for each resource they access. It requires an organization to configure federation. The authentication is transparent to the user.

The architecture can introduce a single point of failure

Which of the following BEST explains the difference between a data owner and a data custodian? A. The data owner is responsible for adhering to the rules for using the data, while the data custodian is responsible for determining the corporate governance regarding the data. B. The data owner is responsible for controlling the data, while the data custodian is responsible for maintaining the chain of custody when handling the data. C.The data owner grants the technical permissions for data access, while the data custodian maintains the database access controls to the data. D. The data owner is responsible for determining how the data may be used, while the data custodian is responsible for implementing the protections to the data.

The data owner is responsible for determining how the data may be used, while the data custodian is responsible for implementing the protections to the data.

A forensics examiner is attempting to dump passwords cached in the physical memory of a live system but keeps receiving an error message. Which of the following BEST describes the cause of the error? The examiner does not have administrative privileges to the system. The system must be taken offline before a snapshot can be created. Checksum mismatches are invalidating the disk image. The swap file needs to be unlocked before it can be accessed.

The examiner does not have administrative privileges to the system.

A security auditor is reviewing vulnerability scan data provided by an internal security team. Which of the following BEST indicates that valid credentials were used? A. The scan results show open ports, protocols, and services exposed on the target host. B. The scan enumerated software versions of installed programs. C. The scan produced a list of vulnerabilities on the target host. D. The scan identified expired SSL certificates.

The scan enumerated software versions of installed programs

Ann, a security analyst from a large organization, has been instructed to use another, more effective scanning tool. After installing the tool on her desktop, she started a full vulnerability scan. After running the scan for eight hours, Ann finds that there were no vulnerabilities identified. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of not receiving any vulnerabilities on the network? The organization has a zero tolerance policy against not applying cybersecurity best practices. The organization had a proactive approach to patch management principles and practices. The security analyst just recently applied operating system level patches. The security analyst credentials did not allow full administrative rights for the scanning tool.

The security analyst credentials did not allow full administrative rights for the scanning tool.

A privileged user at a company stole several proprietary documents from a server. The user also went into the log files and deleted all records of the incident. The systems administrator has just informed investigators that other log files are available for review. Which of the following did the administrator MOST likely configure that will assist the investigators? Memory dumps The syslog server The application logs The log retention policy

The syslog server Explanation: Syslog stands for System Logging Protocol and is a standard protocol used to send system log or event messages to a specific server, called a syslog server. It is primarily used to collect various device logs from several different machines in a central location for monitoring and review

When accessing a popular website, a user receives a warning that the certificate for the website is not valid. Upon investigation, it was noted that the certificate is not revoked and the website is working fine for other users. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause for this? The certificate is corrupted on the server. The certificate was deleted from the local cache. The user needs to start the machine. The system date on the user's device is out of sync.

The system date on the user's device is out of sync.

Which of the following explains why a vulnerability scan might return a false positive? The scan is performed at a time of day when the vulnerability does not exist. The test is performed against the wrong host. The signature matches the product but not the version information. The hosts are evaluated based on an OS-specific profile.

The test is performed against the wrong host

An organization has implemented a policy requiring the use of conductive metal lockboxes for personal electronic devices outside of a secure research lab. Which of the following did the organization determine to be the GREATEST risk to intellectual property when creating this policy? The theft of portable electronic devices. Geotagging in the metadata of images. Bluesnarfing of mobile devices. Data exfiltration over a mobile hotspot.

The theft of portable electronic devices.

An auditor is performing an assessment of a security appliance with an embedded OS that was vulnerable during the last two assessments. Which of the following BEST explains the appliance's vulnerable state? The system was configured with weak default security settings. The device uses weak encryption ciphers. The vendor has not supplied a patch for the appliance. The appliance requires administrative credentials for the assessment.

The vendor has not supplied a patch for the appliance.

After reading a security bulletin, a network security manager is concerned that a malicious actor may have breached the network using the same software flaw. The exploit code is publicly available and has been reported as being used against other industries in the same vertical. Which of the following should the network security manager consult FIRST to determine a priority list for forensic review? The vulnerability scan output The IDS logs The full packet capture data The SIEM alerts

The vulnerability scan output

A host was infected with malware. During the incident response, Joe, a user, reported that he did not receive any emails with links, but he had been browsing the internet all day. Which of the following would MOST likely show where the malware originated? The DNS logs. The web server logs. The SIP traffic logs. The SNMP logs.

The web server logs

While checking logs, a security engineer notices a number of end users suddenly downloading files with the .tar.gz extension. Closer examination of the files reveals they are PE32 files. The end users state they did not initiate any of the downloads. Further investigation reveals the end users all clicked on an external email containing an infected MHT file with an href link a week prior. Which of the following is MOST likely occurring? A. A RAT was installed and is transferring additional exploit tools. B. The workstations are beaconing to a command-and-control server. C. A logic bomb was executed and is responsible for the data transfers. D.A fileless virus is spreading in the local network environment.

The workstations are beaconing to a command-and-control server.

A security analyst is using a recently released security advisory to review historical logs, looking for the specific activity that was outlined in the advisory. Which of the following is the analyst doing? A packet capture. A user behavior analysis. Threat hunting. Credentialed vulnerability scanning.

Threat hunting

A cloud administrator is configuring five compute instances under the same subnet in a VPC. Three instances are required to communicate with one another, and the other two must be logically isolated from all other instances in the VPC. Which of the following must the administrator configure to meet this requirement? One security group Two security groups Three security groups Five security groups

Three security group

Which of the following is the purpose of a risk register? To define the level or risk using probability and likelihood To register the risk with the required regulatory agencies. To identify the risk, the risk owner, and the risk measures. To formally log the type of risk mitigation strategy the organization is using.

To formally log the type of risk mitigation strategy the organization is using

Which of the following is the BEST reason to maintain a functional and effective asset management policy that aids in ensuring the security of an organization? To provide data to quantify risk based on the organization's systems. To keep all software and hardware fully patched for known vulnerabilities. To only allow approved, organization-owned devices onto the business network. To standardize by selecting one laptop model for all users in the organization.

To keep all software and hardware fully patched for known vulnerabilities.

Which of the following is the purpose of an industry-standard framework? To promulgate compliance requirements for sales of common IT systems To provide legal relief to participating organizations in the event of a security breach To promulgate security settings on a vendor-by-vendor basis To provide guidance across common system implementations

To provide guidance across common system implementations

In which of the following risk management strategies would cybersecurity insurance be used? Transference Avoidance Acceptance Mitigation

Transference

A technician needs to prevent data loss in a laboratory. The laboratory is not connected to any external networks. Which of the following methods would BEST prevent data loss? (Select TWO) VPN Drive encryption Network firewall File-level encryption USB blocker MFA

USB blocker Drive Encryption

Which of the following are the MOST likely vectors for the unauthorized or unintentional inclusion of vulnerable code in a software company's final software releases? (Select TWO). Unsecure protocols Use of penetration-testing utilities Weak passwords Included third-party libraries Vendors/supply chain Outdated anti-malware software

Unsecure protocols Weak passwords

A network technician discovered the usernames and passwords used for network device configuration have been compromised by a user with a packet sniffer. Which of the following would secure the credentials from sniffing? Implement complex passwords. Use SSH for remote access. Configure SNMPv2 for device management. Use TFTP to copy device configuration

Use SSH for remote access

A cybersecurity department purchased a new PAM solution. The team is planning to randomize the service account credentials of the windows servers first. Which of the following would be the BEST method to increase the security on the Linux servers? Randomize the shared credentials Use only guest accounts to connect Use SSH keys and remove generic passwords Remove all user accounts

Use SSH keys and remove generic passwords

A Chief Executive Officer is staying at a hotel during a business trip. The hotel's wireless network does not show a lock symbol. Which of the following precautions should the CEO take? (Select TWO) Change the connection type to WPA2. Change TKIP to CCMP. Create a tunnel connection with EAP_TTLS. Use a VPN. Tether to a mobile phone.

Use a VPN. Tether to a mobile phone.

An attacker is able to capture the payload for the following packet: IP 192.168.1.22:2020 10.10.10.5:443 IP 192.168.1.10:1030 10.10.10.1:21 IP 192.168.1.57:5217 10.10.10.1:3389 During an investigation, an analyst discovers that the attacker was able to capture the information above and use it to log on to other servers across the company. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason? A. The attacker has exploited a vulnerability that is commonly associated with TLS1.3. B. The application server is also running a web server that has been compromised. C. The attacker is picking off unencrypted credentials and those to log in to the secure server. D. User accounts have been improperly configured to allow single sign-on multiple servers.

User accounts have been improperly configured to allow single sign-on multiple servers.

Which of the following describes the ability of code to target a hypervisor from inside a Fog computing VM escape Software-defined networking Image forgery Container breakout

VM escape Explanation: virtual machine escape is an exploit method that enables a guest-level virtual machine (VM) to attack its host. ... A VM escape gives the attacker access to the host operating system and all other virtual machines running on that host.

On which of the following is the live acquisition of data for forensic analysis MOST dependent? (Select TWO). Data accessibility Legal hold Cryptographic or hash algorithm Data retention legislation Value and volatility of data Right-to-audit clauses

Value and volatility of data Right-to-audit clauses

A manufacturing company has several one-off legacy information systems that cannot be migrated to a newer OS due to software compatibility issues. The OSs are still supported by the vendor, but the industrial software is no longer supported. The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has created a resiliency plan for these systems that will allow OS patches to be installed in a non-production environment, while also creating backups of the systems for recovery. Which of the following resiliency techniques will provide these capabilities? Redundancy RAID 1+5 Virtual machine Full backups

Virtual Machines

An attacker is attempting to exploit users by creating a fake website with the URL..www.validwebsite.com. The attacker's intent is to imitate the look and feel of a legitimate website to obtain personal information from unsuspecting users. Which of the following social- engineering attacks does this describe? Information elicitation Typo squatting Impersonation Watering-hole attack

Watering hole attack

Which of the following will MOST likely adversely impact the operations of unpatched traditional programmable-logic controllers, running a back-end LAMP server and OT systems with human-management interfaces that are accessible over the internet via a web interface? (Select TWO) Cross-site scripting Data exfiltration Poor system logging Weak encryption SQL injection Server-side request forgery

Weak encryption Server-side request forgery

An enterprise has hired an outside security firm to conduct penetration testing on its network and applications. The firm has been given all the developer's documentation about the internal architecture. Which of the following BEST represents the type of testing that will occur? Bug bounty White-box Black-box Gray-box

White box

A company wants to deploy PKI on its Internet-facing website. The applications that are currently deployed are: - www.company.com (main website) - contactus.company.com (for locating a nearby location) -quotes.company.com (for requesting a price quote) The company wants to purchase one SSL certificate that will work for all the existing applications and any future applications that follow the same naming conventions, such as store.company.com. Which of the following certificate types would BEST meet the requirements? SAN Wildcard Extended validation Self-signed

Wildcard

Which of the following BEST explains why a development environment should have the same database server secure baseline that exists in production even if there is no PII in the database? A. Without the same configuration in both development and production, there are no assurances that changes made in development will have the same effect in production. B. Attackers can extract sensitive, personal information from lower development environment databases just as easily as they can from production databases. C. Databases are unique in their need to have secure configurations applied in all environments because they are attacked more often. D.Laws stipulate that databases with the ability to store personal information must be secured regardless of the environment or if they actually have PII.

Without the same configuration in both development and production, there are no assurances that changes made in development will have the same effect in production.

An engineer is configuring a wireless network using PEAP for the authentication protocol. Which of the following is required? 802. 11n support on the WAP X.509 certificate on the server CCMP support on the network switch TLS 1.0 support on the client

X.509 certificate on the server

An analyst visits an internet forum looking for information about a tool. The analyst finds a threat that appears to contain relevant information. One of the posts says the following: "Hello everyone, I am having the same problem with my server. Can you help me?" Which of the following BEST describes the attack that was attempted against the forum readers? SOU attack DLL attack XSS attack API attack

XSS attack

Which of the following BEST describes a security exploit for which a vendor patch is not readily available? Integer overflow Zero-day End of life Race condition

Zero day

Which of the following BEST describes a security exploit for which a vendor patch is not readily available? Integer overflow Zero-day End of life Race condition

Zero-day

A security analyst is investigating a vulnerability in which default file permission were set incorrectly. The company uses non-credentialed scanning for vulnerability management. Which of the following tools can the analyst use to verify the permissions? ssh chmod ls setuid nessus nc

chmod

A security administrator suspects an employee has been emailing proprietary information to a competitor. Company policy requires the administrator to capture an exact copy of the employee's hard disk. Which of the following should the administrator use? A. dd B. chmod C. dnsenum D. logger

dd

A security analyst is investigating a report from an employee in the human resources (HR) department who is having sporadic issues with internet access. When the security analyst pulls the UTM logs for the IP addresses in the HR group, the following activity is shown: 487- Picture Which of the following actions should the security analyst take? Ensure the HR employee is in the appropriate user group. Allow port 8080 on the UTM for all outgoing traffic. Disable the proxy settings on the HR employee's device Edit the last line of the ACL on the UTM to: allow any any.

ensure the HR employee is in the appropriate user group

Buffer overflow can be avoided using proper: Memory leak prevention. Memory reuse. Input validation. Implementation of ASLR.

input validation

Using a one-time code that has been texted to a smartphone is an example of: Something you have. Something you are. Something you know. Something you do.

something you have

A network administrator has been alerted that web pages are experiencing long load times. After determining it is not a routing or DNS issue, the administrator logs in to the router, runs a command, and receives the following output: ave: 99 percent busy ave: 97 percent busy ave: 83 percent busy Which of the following is the router experiencing? DDoS attack Memory leak Buffer overflow Resource exhaustion

source exhaustion

The Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of an insurance company received an email from Ann, the company's Chief Executive Officer (CEO), requesting a transfer of $10,000 to an account. The email states Ann is on vacation and has lost her purse, containing cash and credit cards. Which of the following social-engineering techniques is the attacker using? Phishing Whaling Typo squatting Pharming

whaling